scholarly journals Fracture Resistance in Non-Vital Teeth: Absence of Interproximal Ferrule and Influence of Preparation Depth in CAD/CAM Endocrown Overlays—An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Lucía Barallat ◽  
María Arregui ◽  
Sandra Fernandez-Villar ◽  
Blanca Paniagua ◽  
Andrés Pascual-La Rocca
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Compressive Force ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Alveolar Crest ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

There is ample evidence to support the use of endocrowns to restore endodontic teeth. However, the influence of the position of the interproximal margins on fracture strength has not yet been studied. The aim was to determine the relationship between the apicocoronal position of the interproximal restorative margins and fracture resistance in nonvital teeth restored with CAD/CAM endocrown overlays. Forty extracted human maxillary premolars were prepared for endocrown overlay restorations without ferrule on the interproximal aspects and classified according to the position of the interproximal restoration margins in relation to the alveolar crest: 2 mm (group A), 1 mm (group B), 0.5 mm (group C), and 0 mm (group D). Fracture strength was measured using a universal testing machine applying a compressive force to the longitudinal tooth axis. Group A had a mean fracture resistance of 859.61 (±267.951) N, group B 1053.9 (±333.985) N, group C 1124.6 (±291.172) N, and group D 780.67 (±183.269) N, with statistical differences between groups. Group C had the highest values for fracture strength compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). The location of the interproximal margins appears to influence the fracture resistance of CAD/CAM endocrown overlays. A distance of 0.5 mm between the interproximal margin and the alveolar crest was associated with increased fracture resistance.

scholarly journals Assessing Fracture Resistance of Restored Premolars with Novel Composite Materials: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Zahraa Abdulaali Al-Ibraheemi ◽  
Huda Abbas Abdullah ◽  
Nada Abdlameer Jawad ◽  
Julfikar Haider
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

During restorative treatment, premolars restored with resin filling materials using the conventional incremental-fill technique take longer restoration time and undermine the integrity of the tooth. The aim of this study was to assess fracture resistance of premolars restored by various types of novel bulk-fill composite resin materials. Forty-eight (n = 48) freshly extracted sound maxillary first premolars were used in this in vitro study. The teeth were divided into six groups, each having 8 specimens. Group A (positive control) was allocated for the intact teeth. For specimens in Groups B to F, a large cavity (Class-II MOD) was prepared with a standardized dimension of cavity (3 mm depth on the pulpal floor, 4 mm at the gingival seat, and 3 mm cavity width). Group B represented prepared teeth without any restoration. Group C, Group D, Group E, and Group F were restored with Tetric EvoCeram® incremental-fill (conventional), Beautifil bulk-fill, Filtek posterior bulk-fill, and SonicFill 2 bulk-fill restorative materials, respectively. All samples were finished and polished with an enhanced finishing kit and stored in distilled water for a month before the fracture resistance testing. All the samples were exposed to the axial loading (the speed of crosshead was 1 mm/min) in a computer-controlled universal testing machine (LARYEE, China) via a steel bar (6 mm in diameter) and the maximum applied force in Newton was recorded as the fracture resistance. One-way analysis of variance (SPSS 21) was used to compare the fracture resistance within the groups, and Tukey’s post hoc test was used to determine the difference between the groups. The lowest value of fracture resistance was recorded for Group B, and the highest value was recorded for Group A followed by the values of Group D, Group C, Group F, and Group E. One-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant difference between the groups ( P < 0.05 ). Nonsignificant difference was found between the premolars restored by bulk-fill and conventional composites. Among the bulk-fill restored specimens, Beautifil restorative demonstrated significantly higher fracture resistance in comparison with the other two bulk-fill restored specimen groups (SonicFill 2 and Filtek). Bulk-fill composite such as Beautifil could be an alternative option to conventional incremental-fill composite for premolar restoration.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Palatal Applications on Fracture Resistance of Reattached Maxillary Central Incisors: AnIn VitroStudy

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
İhsan Yikilgan ◽  
Nagihan Guven ◽  
Cemile Kedıcı Alp ◽  
Emre Tokar ◽  
Ozgur Topuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Plane Normal ◽  
Fixed Distance ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different palatal applications on fracture strength of the fractured anterior tooth. Sixty caries-free human maxillary incisors were used. Endodontic treatments of the teeth were performed. Then, the teeth were divided randomly into five groups (n=12). Crowns of all teeth in groups A–D were cut with diamond discs at a fixed distance of 3 mm from the incisal margin in a plane normal to the buccal surface. In all groups, coronal fragments were reattached to the remaining teeth by bonding with hybrid composite resin. After then, the teeth were restored to the following; group A, bonding and palatal laminate; group B, bonding and creation of a vertical groove; group C, bonding and creation of two slot grooves; group D, bonding only; and group E, intact tooth. It was lesser in group B than in groups C and E (p=0.007andp=0.006, resp.) and lesser in group D than in groups A, C, and E (p=0.002,p<0.001, andp<0.001, resp.). Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that methods employing palatinal laminate and small grooves are clinically feasible for the reattachment of tooth fragments to incisors.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of the Fracture Strength of Monolithic Crowns Fabricated from Different all-ceramic CAD/CAM Materials (an in vitro study)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1689-1697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab M. Jassim ◽  
Manhal A. Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strength ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Lithium Silicate ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the fracture strength of monolithic crowns fabricated from five different all-ceramic CAD/CAM materials (lithium disilicate, zirconia, reinforced composite, hybrid dental ceramic, and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate) using single load to failure test. Forty sound human maxillary first premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes were selected for use in this study. Teeth were prepared according to a standard protocol with 1 mm deep chamfer finishing line, 4 mm axial height with planer occlusal reduction and 6º total convergence angle. Teeth were then divided into five groups of eight teeth each according to the material used for the fabrication of the monolithic crowns as follow: Group A: Crowns fabricated from lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent), Group B: Crowns fabricated from zirconia (CEREC Zirconia, Dentsply Sirona), Group C: Crowns fabricated from reinforced composite (BRILLIANT Crios, COLTENE), Group D: Crowns fabricated from hybrid dental ceramic (VITA ENAMIC, VITA Zahnfabric), Group E: Crowns fabricated from zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (CELTRA DUO, Dentsply Sirona). Teeth of all groups were then scanned with CEREC Omnicam digital intraoral scanner and the crowns were then designed using CEREC Premium software (version 4.4.4) and milled using CEREC MC XL milling unit. Post-milling, crowns of each group were subjected to either a firing procedure or to a polishing only according to the manufacturer's instructions of each material. The internal surfaces of the crowns of each group were then subjected to surface treatment according to the manufacturer's instructions of each material and the crowns were then cemented on their respective teeth using a universal dual-cured adhesive resin cement (Duo-Link Universal, Bisco Inc.). All teeth with the cemented crowns were then stored in deionized distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours before testing. All samples were then subjected to compressive axial loading until fracture in computer-controlled universal testing machine (Zwick Z010, Ulm, Germany) at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA test and LSD test at a level of significance of 0.05. The results of this study showed that the highest mean value of fracture strength was recorded by Group B (2337.37), followed by Group C (1880.59), Group E (1404.49), Group A (1085.39) and Group D (767.06), respectively with statistically highly significant differences among the different groups (p<0.01). From the results of this study, it seems that the differences in the chemical composition and microstructure of the tested all-ceramic CAD/CAM materials may be responsible for the differences in the fracture strength of the fabricated crowns.

The Effect of Varying Ferrule Modes on Fracture Resistance of Canines Restored with One-Piece Milled Zirconia Post and Core

2012 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
Yao Kun Zhang ◽  
Long Quan Shao ◽  
Ruo Yu Liu ◽  
Lin Lin Wang ◽  
Jun Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zirconia Crowns ◽  
Group A ◽  
Post And Core ◽  
Resistance Decrease ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

The aim of this invitro study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated canines restored with one-piece milled zirconia post and core in the varying ferrule modes. Fifty recently extracted human maxillary canines were endodontically treated and randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 specimens each. According to the defect degree of ferrule, intact ferrule was classified as group A and served as control, 2 mm ferrule height without buccal ferrule was classified as group B, 2 mm ferrule height without mesial and buccal ferrule was classified as group C, 2 mm ferrule height without mesial, buccal and lingual ferrule was classified as group D, no ferrule preparation was classified as group E. All of the teeth were restored with one-piece milled zirconia post and core, and zirconia crowns. The teeth were prepared to standardized specifications. The restored teeth were loaded to fracture at a 135° angle to their long axis, at a cross-head speed 0.5 mm/min, and the load (N) at failure was recorded. Statistical analysis was performed by SNK pairwise multiple comparisons (α=0.05). The mean fracture resistance of five groups as follows: 1019.30±139.01N for group A, 861.20±105.67N for group B, 833.70±100.56N for group C, 733.20±96.91N for group D, 698.00±99.90N for group E. The fracture resistance of restored teeth between group B and group C, group D and group E had no statistically significant difference(P>0.05). The fracture resistance of the rest pairwise group comparisons had statistically significant difference(P<0.05). Increasing the absence degree of ferrule, it was found that the fracture resistance decrease. The buccal and lingual ferrule were more important than mesial ferrule for enhanced fracture resistance. This in vitro study supports evidence that reserving the buccal and lingual ferrule is a key point to increase the fracture resistance of canines restored with one-piece milled zirconia post and core.

Influence of Different Diameters and Materials of Posts on the Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth

2014 ◽  
Vol 633 ◽  
pp. 286-289
Author(s):  
Li Xian Zhang ◽  
Yu Xiao Liu ◽  
Ya Li Liu ◽  
Qiong Rong
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Fiber Post ◽  
Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Group D ◽  
Titanium Post

Objective: To evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth reinforced with cast titanium posts and prefabricated glass-fiber posts with different diameters. Materials and Methods: 50 recently extracted human maxillary central incisors were endodontically treated and randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 specimens each: Group A: 1.35mm diameter of cast titanium post; Group B: 1.5mm diameter of cast titanium post; Group C: 1.375mm diameter of prefabricated fiber post; Group D: 1.5mm diameter of prefabricated fiber post; Group E: resin restoration. All specimens were subjected to fracture resistance testing in a universal testing machine, statistical analysis was performed and the fracture modes were analyzed. Results: The mean fracture resistance of five groups as follows: 404.22±73.92N for group A, 488.17±78.68N for group B, 280.32±45.23N for group C, 317.53±50.87N for group D, 222.76±38.67N for group E. The fracture resistance of restored teeth between group C and group D had no significant difference (P>0.05). The fracture resistance of the rest pairwise group comparisons had significant difference (P<0.05). Most of cast post samples fractured at the root middle or apical portion, while most of the fiber post samples fractured at the root cervical or post fracture, which could be retreated. Conclusion: Human maxillary central incisors restored with cast posts could bear higher fracture load and fiber post could protect the root from fracture preferably.

scholarly journals Evaluation of fracture resistance of zirconia monolithic restorations: an in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mohamed Arafa ◽  
Ahmad El-Kouedi ◽  
Tamer Hamza ◽  
Hisham Katamish
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Artificial Aging ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Finish Line ◽  
M Phase ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate fracture resistance of zirconia monolithic restorations after ageing procedures. Material and methods: The fracture resistance of zirconia-based restoration after ageing procedures was evaluated. Monolithic translucent zirconia 3-unit FDPs were fabricated using Cerec inLab CAD/CAM system on 2 stainless steel dies prepared from stainless steel with a uniform 120 degrees circumferential deep chamfer finish line of 1 mm width and were placed into a stainless steel holder. FDPs were divided into 2 groups, the first group (Group A) was subjected to aging procedures in an autoclave at hydrothermal conditions 134 °C /2 bars for 5 hours. The second group (Group B) was not subjected to any ageing procedures and was designed as control group. All specimens of group A (Aged TZI) and group B (non- aged TZI) were loaded compressively in a universal testing machine at cross head speed 0.5 mm/min until fracture occurred. The percentage of monoclinic (m) phase was detected by XRD device. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the fractured surfaces for Aged TZI (Group A) and Non-aged TZI (Group B). Student’s t-test was used to compare between fracture resistances of both groups. The significance level was set at P ? 0.05. Results: The fracture resistance mean (SD) values of non-aged TZI (Group B) was 2406.9±306.8 N which showed statistically significantly higher than that of aged group (Group A) which was 1964.5±234.5 N. The percentage of monoclinic (m) phase detected by XRD device software in non-aged TZI (Group B) was nearly 0 weight % and in aged TZI (Group A) was about 42 weight %. Conclusion: Accelerated artificial aging decreases the fracture resistance of monolithic TZI FDPs. Keywords Artificial aging; Fracture resistance; Monolithic zirconia.

Load-to-fracture Value of Different All-ceramic Crown Systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark David Snyder ◽  
Kyle Douglas Hogg
Keyword(s):  
Static Load ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Ceramic Crown ◽  
Group D ◽  
Adhesive Cement

Abstract Objectives The purpose was to investigate the potential difference in the load-to-fracture values of several all-ceramic crown systems. Five different coping-reinforced all-ceramic crown systems were selected. Ten crowns from each system were fabricated and luted to standardized titanium dies. Methods The study consisted of five groups of ten samples each, all luted using G.C. Link Max resin adhesive cement. Group A: IPS Eris®, Group B: Cerac® In-lab Alumina coping, Group C: Cerac® In- lab Zirconia coping, Group D: Procera® AllCeram Alumina coping, and Group E: Procera® Zirconia coping. Following cementation, the samples were placed under a 5 Kg static load for 10 minutes insuring proper seating and stored in 100% humidity for one week. All samples were visually inspected prior to testing and were loaded to fracture at the rate of 0.5 mm/min using a universal-testing machine. Results Group A = 321.49 KgF ± 113.69 (S.D.), Group B = 288.63 ± 102.82 (S.D.), Group C = 266.58 ± 69.17 (S.D.), Group D = 295.49 ± 80.54 (S.D.), and Group E = 420.37 ± 82.45 (S.D.). The data were analyzed using an unpaired t-test; this indicated a statistical difference between group E and all of the others (P-value ≤0.039). Conclusions We concluded under these conditions, the Procera® Zirconia crown system has significant higher load-to-fracture value than several other all-ceramic crown systems. Citation Snyder MD, Hogg KD. Load-to-fracture Value of Different All-ceramic Crown Systems. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:054-063.

Biomechanical changes of freezer-storaged and decellularized pig tracheal scaffoldings

2021 ◽  
pp. 088532822098566
Author(s):  
Jinping Wang ◽  
Haixiang Zhang ◽  
Yangmeng Feng ◽  
Yang Sun ◽  
Ruina Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Biomechanical Changes ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background As an excellent xenotransplant, the pig trachea can be decellularized and cryopreserved to reduce its immunogenicity. However, few reports are found on the changes of its mechanical properties after cryopreservation and decellularization. Objective To evaluate the structure and biomechanical properties in pig tracheal scaffolds resulting from decellularized and cryopreserved. Material and methods Twenty-five pig tracheal segments were separated into five groups: untreated (group A), only decellularized (group B), only cryopreserved (group C), decellularized after cryopreserved (group D) and cryopreserved after decellularized (group E). Tracheal segments were subjected to uniaxial tension or compression using a universal testing machine to determine structural biomechanical changes. Results It showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the tensile strength of the trachea in each group. The compressive strength of group B, C and D were same as the group A ( P > 0.05), while the group E was lower than that of the group A ( P < 0.05). Conclusions and significance: The histological examination of the decellularization after cryopreservation shows that the removal of epithelial cells and submucosal cells is more thorough, and the biomechanical structure of the trachea is better preserved. This proved to be a new method to prepare xenotransplantation of trachea graft.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Fracture Resistance and Fracture Mode of Contemporary Restorative Materials to Overcome the Offset of Mandibular Implant-Supported, Cement-Retained Crowns

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 4838
Author(s):  
Salwa Omar Bajunaid ◽  
Ibraheem Alshiddi ◽  
Lamya Alhomaidhi ◽  
Rania Almutairi ◽  
Shoq Alolayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Mode ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Modes Of Failure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Restorative Materials ◽  
Zirconia Crowns ◽  
Group A ◽  
Monolithic Zirconia ◽  
Group D

Background: The purpose was to compare the fracture resistance and the mode of failure of different contemporary restorative materials to restore implant supported, cement-retained mandibular molars. Methods: Two 5 × 10 mm titanium dental implants were mounted in resin blocks and prefabricated titanium and zirconia abutments were connected to each implant. Each implant received forty crowns resembling mandibular first molars. The specimens were divided into four groups (n = 10/group) for each abutment according to the type of material; Group A: porcelain fused to metal crowns; Group B: monolithic zirconia crowns; Group C: zirconia coping with ceramic veneer; Group D: all ceramic lithium disilicate crowns. Specimens were cemented to the abutments, mounted into a universal testing machine, and vertical static load was applied at a speed of 1 mm/min. The test stopped at signs of visual/audible fracture/chipping. Fracture resistance values were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s tests (α ≤ 0.05). The modes of failure were visually observed. Results: A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) of the fracture resistance values among tested groups was found. The group that showed the highest fracture resistance was Group A for both the titanium and the zirconia abutments (3.029 + 0.248 and 2.59 ± 0.39, respectively) while Group D for both abutments (1.134 + 0.289 and 1.68 ± 0.13) exhibited the least resistance. Conclusions: Fracture resistance and fracture mode varied depending on type of restorative material. For both titanium and zirconia abutments, porcelain fused to metal showed the highest fracture resistance values followed by monolithic zirconia.

scholarly journals An evaluation of the effect of different veneer materials on fracture resistance of zirconia core

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousra Abdulkareem Ibraheem ◽  
Zahraa Nazar Alwahab
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Hydrofluoric Acid ◽  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Air Abrasion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
One Way Anova

Objective: this in vitro study was done to evaluate  the effect of packable P60 composite and Tetric N-Ceram composite veneer material on fracture strength of zirconia cores. Material and Methods:  Twenty four zirconium cores (Vita, Germany) with 0.7 mm thickness were fabricated by CAD/CAM technology and then subjected to air abrasion with 50µm of Al2O3. Cores were randomly divided into three groups according to veneering material (group A: control group sandblasted with 50 µm Al2O3 veneered by IPS E-max Ceram porcelain, group C: sandblasted with 50 µm Al2O3,  etching with hydrofluoric acid and veneered with P60 composite, group E: sandblasted with 50 µm Al2O3, etching with hydrofluoric acid and veneered with Tetric N-Ceram composite). All crowns were subjected to fracture strength test in the testing machine, with load application by steel ball indenter and 0.5 mm/min. cross head speed. Results: statistical analysis was carried out utilizing one-way ANOVA, LSD. The results of fracture strength value test showed the highest mean value was registered for group (A), and the lowest mean for group (E). One-way ANOVA test represented that, there was a statistically high significant different among all groups. LSD results  showed a high significant difference increase in fracture resistance for Group A at p value (*P<0.001 High significant). Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, sandblasting zirconia core with 50 µm Al2O3 and veneering with conventional ceramic produced restoration with acceptable fracture resistance value.   Keywords Composite resin; Fracture resistance; Hydrofluoric acid; IPS Emax ceram; zirconium oxide.

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