scholarly journals A Simple Calibration Method for A Fringe Projection System Embedded within An Additive Manufacturing Machine

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Yue Liu ◽  
Liam Blunt ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Xiangqian Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Fringe Projection ◽  
Projection System ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Measurement Resolution ◽  
Manufacturing Machine

In additive manufacturing (AM), especially for advanced powder fusion machines, it is of high importance to develop an in situ inspection system to monitor the printed surface and pre-print powder bed as the build cycle proceeds. Consequently, high resolution, high precision and fast detection measurement systems need to be investigated, as such optically based measurement systems can provide feedback for manufacturing process optimisation. Fringe projection technology has a great advantage in the measurement of topography in such environments. The implementation of a fringe projection system requires that the system is pre-calibrated in order to obtain high measurement resolution and repeatability. This paper presents a simple calibration method for an AM-based in situ fringe projection system using a phase-depth calibration model. If a calibration plate with certificated marks is used, however, the texture of the plate will affect the measured phase accuracy. A simple calibration method to reduce the calibration plate texture effect in the process of calibration is outlined. Experimental results show that the proposed method can eliminated these effects and improve measurement resolution and repeatability. The proposed in situ/in process inspection technique has been implemented within a commercial electron beam powder bed fusion additive manufacturing machine (EBAM), to demonstrate the capability for effective feedback during the manufacturing process.

scholarly journals In Situ 3D Monitoring of Geometric Signatures in the Powder-Bed-Fusion Additive Manufacturing Process via Vision Sensing Methods

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongwei Li ◽  
Xingjian Liu ◽  
Shifeng Wen ◽  
Piyao He ◽  
Kai Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Vision Sensing

scholarly journals Referencing of powder bed for in situ detection of lateral layer displacements in additive manufacturing

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-259
Author(s):  
Martin Lerchen ◽  
Julien Schinn ◽  
Tino Hausotte
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Reference System ◽  
Contour Detection ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Measurement Systems

Abstract. An increasing number of additive manufacturing (AM) applications leads to rising challenges for the process-accompanying quality assurance. Beside post-processing measurement systems, in situ monitoring systems in particular are currently requested to ensure feedback controlling during AM processes. For data acquisition and subsequent evaluation, a high data quality is of importance. It depends on a high resolution and accuracy of measurement systems, adapted measurement conditions and a reference to the powder bed or component for geometric measurements. Within this scientific study, a new reference system has been implemented into the powder bed to reduce measurement deviations by an abbreviated metrological loop. After data acquisition and image processing layer by layer, the position stability of the reference system has been analysed in relation to the optical measuring system. Based on a contour detection of the reference markers, the evaluation of geometrical process deviations is presented as an essential basis for a closed-loop controlling system. Thermally induced and mechanical drifts within the manufacturing process can be verified by the reference system in the powder bed. As an outlook, two methods are suggested for a process-accompanying referenced detection of the melting pool and resulting contour displacements during additive manufacturing.

Towards process consistency and in-situ evaluation of porosity during laser powder bed additive manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 679-689
Author(s):  
J. Raplee ◽  
J. Gockel ◽  
F. List ◽  
K. Carver ◽  
S. Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Powder Bed

Toward Metamodels for Composable and Reusable Additive Manufacturing Process Models

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Witherell ◽  
Shaw Feng ◽  
Timothy W. Simpson ◽  
David B. Saint John ◽  
Pan Michaleris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Metal Powder ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Am Processes

In this paper, we advocate for a more harmonized approach to model development for additive manufacturing (AM) processes, through classification and metamodeling that will support AM process model composability, reusability, and integration. We review several types of AM process models and use the direct metal powder bed fusion AM process to provide illustrative examples of the proposed classification and metamodel approach. We describe how a coordinated approach can be used to extend modeling capabilities by promoting model composability. As part of future work, a framework is envisioned to realize a more coherent strategy for model development and deployment.

scholarly journals A multi-scale multi-physics modeling framework of laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing process

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Weng Hoh Lee ◽  
Linmin Wu ◽  
Hyun-Hee Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Laser Powder Bed Fusion ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Physics Modeling
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