scholarly journals Anti-Inflammation Activities of Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids (MAAs) in Response to UV Radiation Suggest Potential Anti-Skin Aging Activity

Marine Drugs ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 5174-5187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Suk Suh ◽  
Jinik Hwang ◽  
Mirye Park ◽  
Hyo Seo ◽  
Hyoung-Shik Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Skin Aging ◽  
Anti Inflammation

scholarly journals Antioxidative, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Aging Properties of Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids: Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms in the Protection of Skin-Aging

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakuto Kageyama ◽  
Rungaroon Waditee-Sirisattha
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Skin Aging ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Uv Absorbing Compounds ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation causes photoaging of the skin and induces a number of disorders, including sunburn, fine and coarse wrinkles, and skin cancer risk. Therefore, the application of sunscreen has gained much attention to reduce the harmful effects of UV irradiation on our skin. Recently, there has been a growing demand for the replacement of chemical sunscreens with natural UV-absorbing compounds. Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), promising alternative natural UV-absorbing compounds, are a group of widely distributed, low molecular-weight, water-soluble molecules that can absorb UV radiation and disperse the absorbed energy as heat, without generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). More than 30 MAAs have been characterized, from a variety of organisms. In addition to their UV-absorbing properties, there is substantial evidence that MAAs have the potential to protect against skin aging, including antioxidative activity, anti-inflammatory activity, inhibition of protein-glycation, and inhibition of collagenase activity. This review will provide an overview of MAAs, as potential anti-aging ingredients, beginning with their structure, before moving on to discuss the most recent experimental observations, including the molecular and cellular mechanisms through which MAAs might protect the skin. In particular, we focus on the potential anti-aging activity of mycosporine-2-glycine (M2G).

Tropolone-Based Treatments for Visualising Latent Fingermarks on Porous Surfaces

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara M. Agapie ◽  
Melissa Sampson ◽  
William Gee
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Membered Ring ◽  
Diazonium Salts ◽  
Chemical Detection ◽  
Latent Fingerprints ◽  
Porous Surfaces

The work describes a new chemical means of visualising latent fingerprints (fingermarks) using tropolone. Tropolone reacts with amino acids within the fingermark residue to form adducts that absorb UV radiation. These adducts provide useful contrast on highly-fluorescent prous surfaces will illuminated with UV radiation. The conjugated seven-membered ring of the tropolone adduct can be reacted further diazonium salts, which is demonstrated here with formation of two dyes. The methodology is extremely rapid, occurring in minutes with mild heating, and can be applied before ninhydrin in a chemical detection sequence. <br>

scholarly journals Comparative Profiling and Discovery of Novel Glycosylated Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids in Two Strains of the Cyanobacterium Scytonema cf. crispum

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (19) ◽  
pp. 5951-5959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. D'Agostino ◽  
Vivek S. Javalkote ◽  
Rabia Mazmouz ◽  
Russell Pickford ◽  
Pravin R. Puranik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Paralytic Shellfish Toxins ◽  
Cell Extracts

ABSTRACTThe mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are a group of small molecules with a diverse ecological distribution among microorganisms. MAAs have a range of physiological functions, including protection against UV radiation, making them important from a biotechnological perspective. In the present study, we identified a putative MAA (mys) gene cluster in two New Zealand isolates ofScytonemacf.crispum(UCFS10 and UCFS15). Homology to “Anabaena-type”mysclusters suggested that this cluster was likely to be involved in shinorine biosynthesis. Surprisingly, high-performance liquid chromatography analysis ofS. cf.crispumcell extracts revealed a complex MAA profile, including shinorine, palythine-serine, and their hexose-bound variants. It was hypothesized that a short-chain dehydrogenase (UCFS15_00405) encoded by a gene adjacent to theS. cf.crispummyscluster was responsible for the conversion of shinorine to palythine-serine. Heterologous expression of MysABCE and UCFS15_00405 inEscherichia coliresulted in the exclusive production of the parent compound shinorine. Taken together, these results suggest that shinorine biosynthesis inS. cf.crispumproceeds via anAnabaena-type mechanism and that the genes responsible for the production of other MAA analogues, including palythine-serine and glycosylated analogues, may be located elsewhere in the genome.IMPORTANCERecently, New Zealand isolates ofS. cf.crispumwere linked to the production of paralytic shellfish toxins for the first time, but no other natural products from this species have been reported. Thus, the species was screened for important natural product biosynthesis. The mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) are among the strongest absorbers of UV radiation produced in nature. The identification of novel MAAs is important from a biotechnology perspective, as these molecules are able to be utilized as sunscreens. This study has identified two novel MAAs that have provided several new avenues of future research related to MAA genetics and biosynthesis. Further, we have revealed that the genetic basis of MAA biosynthesis may not be clustered on the genome. The identification of the genes responsible for MAA biosynthesis is vital for future genetic engineering.

Tropolone-Based Treatments for Visualising Latent Fingermarks on Porous Surfaces

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara M. Agapie ◽  
Melissa Sampson ◽  
William Gee
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Membered Ring ◽  
Diazonium Salts ◽  
Chemical Detection ◽  
Latent Fingerprints ◽  
Porous Surfaces

The work describes a new chemical means of visualising latent fingerprints (fingermarks) using tropolone. Tropolone reacts with amino acids within the fingermark residue to form adducts that absorb UV radiation. These adducts provide useful contrast on highly-fluorescent prous surfaces will illuminated with UV radiation. The conjugated seven-membered ring of the tropolone adduct can be reacted further diazonium salts, which is demonstrated here with formation of two dyes. The methodology is extremely rapid, occurring in minutes with mild heating, and can be applied before ninhydrin in a chemical detection sequence. <br>

AMMONIUM AND UV RADIATION STIMULATE THE ACCUMULATION OF MYCOSPORINE-LIKE AMINO ACIDS IN PORPHYRA COLUMBINA (RHODOPHYTA) FROM PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA1

2004 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Korbee Peinado ◽  
Roberto T. Abdala Díaz ◽  
Félix L. Figueroa ◽  
E. Walter Helbling
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Uv Radiation

scholarly journals Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids (MAAs) Profile of cyanobacteria from Different Historical Kunds of Varanasi, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonal Mishra ◽  
Abha Pandey ◽  
Haseen Ahmed ◽  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Vidya Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Uv Filters ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Aulosira Fertilissima

Copious facts have demonstrated that UV radiation is harmful to cyanobacteria. Sun-screening compounds such as mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) protect these organisms from deleterious UV radiation. MAAs absorb UV radiation in the range of 310 to 362 nm. These natural sunscreens obtained from cyanobacteria are excellent alternative to present day synthetic UV filters. In the present study, several cyanobacteria were collected from six historical Kunds of Varanasi, India. MAAs profile of these cyanobacteria was recorded with the help of UV-Vis spectroscopy, High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. Various MAAs were identified as Porphyra-334 (λmax = 334 nm), Palythine (λmax = 320 nm), Asterina-330 (λmax = 330 nm), Mycosporine-glycine (λmax =310 nm) and Mycosporine-methylamine-serine (λmax =327 nm) having retention times (RT) of 3.62, 1.65, 1.53, 2.55 and 1.51 min, respectively, obtained from different cyanobacteria (Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaenopsis sp., Merismopedia sp., Aulosira fertilissima, Rivularia sp., Phormidium sp., Nostoc sp. and Stigonema sp.). It is concluded that these MAAs from different historical Kunds may provide protection to the cyanobacteria growing thereof from the adverse effect of harmful UV radiation. MAAs are considered to be potential bioactive compounds that are highly intriguing from biotechnological perspective. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(3): 317-326

Natural microbial UV radiation filters — Mycosporine-like amino acids

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Řezanka ◽  
M. Temina ◽  
A. G. Tolstikov ◽  
V. M. Dembitsky
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Uv Radiation

Mycosporine-Like Amino Acids in Antarctic Sea Ice Algae, and Their Response to UVB Radiation

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 471-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken G Ryan ◽  
Andrew McMinn ◽  
Kevin A. Mitchell ◽  
Louise Trenerry
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Algal Community ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Ice Algae ◽  
Uvb Radiation ◽  
Visible Radiation ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Sea Ice Algae

Mycosporine like amino acids (MAAs) were detected in low concentration in sea ice algae growing in situ at Cape Evans, Antarctica. Four areas of sea ice were covered with plastics of different UV absorption exposing the bottom- ice algal community to a range of UV doses for a period of 15 days. Algae were exposed to visible radiation only; visible + UV radiation; and visible + enhanced UV radiation. MAA content per cell at the start of the experiment was low in snow-covered plots but higher in samples from ice with no snow cover. During the study period, the MAA content per cell reduced in all treatments, but the rate of this decline was less under both ambient UV and visible radiation than under snow covered plots. While low doses of UVB radiation may have stimulated some MAA production (or at least slowed its loss), relatively high doses of UVB radiation resulted in almost complete loss of MAAs fromice algal cells. Despite this reduction in MAA content per cell, the diatoms in all samples grew well, and there was no discernible effect on viability. This suggests that MAAs may play a minor role as photoprotectants in sea ice algae. The unique structure of the bottom ice algal community may provide a self-shading effect such that algal cells closest to the surface of the ice contain more MAAs than those below them and confer a degree of protection on the community as a whole.

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