Knowledge about Cervical Cancer and Awareness of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV Vaccine among Female Students from Serbia

Background and objectives: Persistent infection with carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer. The study explored students’ knowledge about cervical cancer and awareness of human papillomavirus and the HPV vaccine. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based survey was carried out among 1616 first-year female college students at the University of Niš. It examined socio-demographic characteristics, measured the score of knowledge about cervical cancer, assessed awareness regarding HPV and the HPV vaccine and inquired about the source of information about cervical cancer and HPV. Results: The average cervical cancer knowledge score was 16.35 ± 7.92 (min 0, max 30), with medical professional education, parents’ education level, place of residence and relationship status having significant effects on the score. The awareness about HPV and the HPV vaccine was low, with only 14.2% of students having heard about both HPV and its vaccine. The most commonly reported sources of information were the media, while the most competent one was organized health education. Conclusions: Health promotion campaigns and educational programs are necessary in order to reduce cervical cancer burden and should be directed particularly towards those who have demonstrated low cervical cancer knowledge and low awareness regarding HPV and its vaccine.

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Knowledge about cervical cancer and awareness about human Papillomavirus vaccination amid Medical students in Jordan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-118668/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mervat Alsous ◽

Ahlam Ali ◽

Sayer Al-Azzam ◽

Reema Karasneh ◽

Haneen Amawi

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Medical Students ◽

Hpv Vaccine ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Human Papillomavirus Vaccination ◽

Inadequate Knowledge ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

School Girls

Abstract BackgroundCervical cancer (CC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy worldwide and the fourth most common cancer in women. Most cases of cervical cancer are attributed to Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Assessment of knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV vaccination is needed.Results504 students took part in the study. 42.3% of males and 57.7% of females. The mean knowledge score of students in our survey 21.4 ± 4.4 out of 34, which was categorized as a moderate level of knowledge regarding cervical cancer and HPV. Only 40.5% knew about the availability of HPV vaccine in Jordan, and 65.9% accept the idea that it is necessary to introduce HPV vaccine in schoolgirls in Jordan.ConclusionsThis study highlights inadequate knowledge about cervical cancer and its screening among medical students in Jordan. Despite the limited awareness about HPV vaccine among the study’s participants, there is a favorable opinion towards the introduction of the vaccine in school girls in Jordan. The data provide a benchmark on the level of knowledge about cervical cancer and awareness about HPV, which can be used to formulate an effective awareness program.

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Sources of Information that Promote Breast and Cervical Cancer Knowledge and Screening Among Native Hawaiians in Southern California

Journal of Cancer Education ◽

10.1007/s13187-010-0078-x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 588-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jacqueline H. Tran ◽

Michele Mouttapa ◽

Travers Y. Ichinose ◽

Jane Ka’ala Pang ◽

Dawn Ueda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Southern California ◽

Native Hawaiians ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Cancer Knowledge ◽

Breast And Cervical Cancer

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A cost-effectiveness analysis of adding a human papillomavirus vaccine to the Australian National Cervical Cancer Screening Program

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh07043 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 165 ◽

Cited By ~ 77

Author(s):

Shalini Kulasingam ◽

Luke Connelly ◽

Elizabeth Conway ◽

Jane S. Hocking ◽

Evan Myers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Hpv Vaccine ◽

Screening Program ◽

Herd Immunity ◽

Vaccination Program ◽

Catch Up ◽

The Cost ◽

Current Screening

Background: The cost-effectiveness of adding a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine to the Australian National Cervical Screening Program compared to screening alone was examined. Methods: A Markov model of the natural history of HPV infection that incorporates screening and vaccination was developed. A vaccine that prevents 100% of HPV 16/18-associated disease, with a lifetime duration of efficacy and 80% coverage offered through a school program to girls aged 12 years, in conjunction with current screening was compared with screening alone using cost (in Australian dollars) per life-year (LY) saved and quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) saved. Sensitivity analyses included determining the cost-effectiveness of offering a catch-up vaccination program to 14–26-year-olds and accounting for the benefits of herd immunity. Results: Vaccination with screening compared with screening alone was associated with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $51 103 per LY and $18 735 per QALY, assuming a cost per vaccine dose of $115. Results were sensitive to assumptions about the duration of vaccine efficacy, including the need for a booster ($68 158 per LY and $24 988 per QALY) to produce lifetime immunity. Accounting for herd immunity resulted in a more attractive ICER ($36 343 per LY and $13 316 per QALY) for girls only. The cost per LY of vaccinating boys and girls was $92 052 and the cost per QALY was $33 644. The cost per LY of implementing a catch-up vaccination program ranged from $45 652 ($16 727 per QALY) for extending vaccination to 14-year-olds to $78 702 ($34 536 per QALY) for 26-year-olds. Conclusions: These results suggest that adding an HPV vaccine to Australia’s current screening regimen is a potentially cost-effective way to reduce cervical cancer and the clinical interventions that are currently associated with its prevention via screening alone.

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Stakeholders’ Understandings of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Rapid Qualitative Systematic Review

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9050496 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 496

Author(s):

Caroline Deignan ◽

Alison Swartz ◽

Sara Cooper ◽

Christopher J. Colvin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Vaccine ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

African Countries ◽

Qualitative Systematic Review ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

And Gender

Cervical cancer rates in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are amongst the highest worldwide. All three of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines (9-valent, quadrivalent and bivalent HPV vaccine) provide primary protection against the most common cancer-causing strains of HPV (types 16 and 18) that are known to cause 70% of cervical cancers. Over the last five years, there has been an increase in Sub-Saharan African countries that have introduced the HPV vaccine. The majority of research has been conducted on supply-side barriers and facilitators to HPV vaccination uptake in SSA, yet little research has been conducted on demand-side or end-user perspectives of, and decisions around, HPV vaccination. In order to complement existing research, and inform current and future HPV vaccination implementation approaches, this qualitative systematic review explored Stakeholders’ understandings of HPV vaccination in SSA. This review searched the following databases: Embase (via Scopus), Scopus, MEDLINE (via PubMed), PubMed, EBSCOhost, Academic Search Premier, Africa-Wide Information, CINAHL, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, SocINDEX, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL) and found a total of 259 articles. Thirty-one studies were found eligible for inclusion and were analyzed thematically using Braun and Clarke’s methods for conducting a thematic analysis. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. Three major themes emerged from this analysis; knowledge of HPV vaccination and cervical cancer is intertwined with misinformation; fear has shaped contradictory perceptions about HPV vaccination and gender dynamics are relevant in how stakeholders understand HPV vaccination in SSA.

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Evidence that HPV vaccine may be effective in preventing cervical cancer

Weekly releases (1997–2007) ◽

10.2807/esw.08.48.02593-en ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 8 (48) ◽

Author(s):

◽

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

North America ◽

Hpv Vaccine ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Double Blind ◽

Highly Effective

Recently published results of a randomised, double-blind, multi-centre, placebo-controlled trial involving 1113 women from North America and Brazil indicate that a vaccine against the two most common human papillomavirus types causing cervical cancer, is highly effective

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Human Papillomavirus Infection of the Cervix

50 Studies Every Obstetrician-Gynecologist Should Know ◽

10.1093/med/9780190947088.003.0031 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 170-174

Author(s):

Jacqueline M. Mills ◽

Elizabeth A. Stier

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

At Risk ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Vaccine ◽

Cervical Neoplasia ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Human Papillomavirus Infection ◽

Papillomavirus Infection ◽

Hpv Genotypes ◽

Prophylactic Hpv Vaccine

In 1992 Lorincz et al. were the first to evaluate the clinicopathologic correlation with 11 recently identified human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes: 31, 33, 35, 42, 43, 44, 45, 51, 52, 56, and 58. Using cervical samples from 8 studies that included specimens from 2627 women, HPV genotypes were categorized by the likelihood of association with grades of cervical neoplasia (from normal to cancer). These findings were the basis of the determination that (a) HPV causes cervical cancer, (b) detection of the cancer associated HPV genotypes could identify women at risk for cervical pre-cancer and cancer, and (c) a prophylactic HPV vaccine should include protection against (at least) HPV 16 and 18.

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination: from clinical studies to immunization programs

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1136/ijgc-2019-000582 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (8) ◽

pp. 1317-1326 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Raúl Murillo ◽

Camila Ordóñez- Reyes

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Vaccine ◽

Hpv Vaccination ◽

Population Based ◽

Immunization Programs ◽

Hpv Vaccines ◽

Middle Income ◽

Middle Income Countries

Cervical cancer incidence and mortality have decreased in high-income countries, but low- and middle-income countries continue to bear a significant burden from the disease. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are a promising alternative for disease control; however, their introduction is slow in settings with greater need. We conducted a review of HPV vaccine efficacy and effectiveness reported in clinical trials and population-based studies. Efficacy of HPV vaccines is close to 100% when using a three-dose schedule in HPV-negative young women (<25 years old) for protection against persistent infection and HPV vaccine-type associated pre-cancerous lesions. Furthermore, sustained protection for up to 12 years of follow-up has been demonstrated; cross-protection against non-vaccine types is particularly observed for the bivalent vaccine, and preliminary data regarding impact on invasive cancer have emerged. Given its lower efficacy, catch-up vaccination beyond 19 years of age and proposals for vaccinating adult women deserve careful evaluation in accurately designed studies and economic analyses. Despite positive results regarding immunogenicity and post-hoc analysis for cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia in clinical trials, population-based data for prime and booster two-dose schedules are not available. Evaluation of vaccine safety from surveillance systems in immunization programs that have already distributed more than 270 million doses found no association of HPV vaccination with serious side effects. The introduction of HPV vaccination in national immunization programs remains the main challenge in tackling the burden of cervical cancer (up to 2018, only 89 countries have introduced vaccination worldwide, and most of these are high-income countries). Access models and technical capacity require further development to help low- and middle-income countries to increase the pace of vaccine delivery. Alternative approaches such as one-dose schedules and vaccination at younger ages may help reduce the programmatic and economic challenges to adolescent vaccination.

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Knowledge and Attitudes of Adult Peruvian Women vis-à-vis Human Papillomavirus (HPV), Cervical Cancer, and the HPV Vaccine

Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease ◽

10.1097/lgt.0b013e3181c08f5e ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 113-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Frank H. Lee ◽

Valerie A. Paz-Soldan ◽

Cesar Carcamo ◽

Patricia J. Garcia

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Vaccine ◽

Knowledge And Attitudes

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The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and cervical cancer: Uptake and next steps

Advances in Therapy ◽

10.1007/s12325-011-0045-x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 28 (8) ◽

pp. 615-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Sherri N. Sheinfeld Gorin ◽

Beth A. Glenn ◽

Rebecca B. Perkins

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Hpv Vaccine

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Knowledge and Attitudes of a Cohort of Male University Students in Jamaica Regarding Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and the HPV Vaccine

Journal of Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/jgo.2016.004473 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 72s-73s

Author(s):

Sean Parkinson ◽

Ian Bambury ◽

Carole Rattray

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Human Papilloma Virus ◽

Disease Control ◽

Hpv Vaccine ◽

Genital Warts ◽

Papilloma Virus ◽

Knowledge And Attitudes ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Male University Students

Abstract 51 Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in Jamaica with an incidence of 17.4/100,000. (1). Cervical cancer is acquired sexually, with the human papilloma virus (HPV) being the most important causative agent (2,3). HPV infection is associated with the development of other cancers such as anogenital, vaginal, vulvar and anal cancers in women, and penile and anal cancers in men.(2) It is also responsible for genital warts and oropharyngeal cancer in both men and women. Two vaccines were approved for the prevention of cervical cancer by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and are available in Jamaica (4,5). This study assessed the knowledge and attitudes in a male cohort towards HPV and HPV vaccine. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which two hundred male students were recruited. Information for this study was gathered from responses given in a self-administered questionnaire. Data was analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 22.6 years. 50.5% stated that they had heard of HPV. Of those who knew of the HPV, only 37.6% vs 39.6% of respondents reported that sexual intercourse was a requirement for HPV transmission, while 22.8% did not know. 43% reported knowing that HPV causes genital warts and 42% knew of an association with cervical cancer. 16.5% of the respondents knew of the HPV vaccine. Only 21.2% knew that the HPV vaccine protects against cervical cancer while the remaining 78.8% either said that it didn't provide protection or did not know. 15.3% knew that the vaccine is approved for both males and females while 84.7% did not know. Conclusion: There was significant knowledge deficit in the awareness of HPV and the HPV vaccine in our male university students. Gibson, T.N., et al., Age-specific incidence of cancer in Kingston and St. Andrew, Jamaica, 2003-2007. West Indian Med J, 2010. 59(5): p. 456-64. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Basic information about HPV –associated cancers. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/basic_info . 2013. Bosch, F.X. and S. de Sanjose, Chapter 1: Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer-- burden and assessment of causality. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr, 2003(31): p. 3-13. FDA licensure of bivalent Human Papillomavirus vaccine (HPV2,Cervarix) for use in females and updated vaccination recommendations from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) .Centers For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). MMWR Morb Mort Wkly Rep, 2010(59): p. 626-9. FDA, “FDA Approves New Vaccine Indication for Gardasil to Prevent Genital Warts in Men and Boys,” Bethesda, Md, USA. 2009. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No COIs from the authors.

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