scholarly journals A Phylogenetic and Ontogenetic Perspective of the Unique Accumulation of Arterial Variations in One Human Anatomic Specimen

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Pretterklieber ◽  
Michael L. Pretterklieber
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Middle Colic Artery ◽  
Obturator Artery ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
Arterial Variations ◽  
Corona Mortis ◽  
Cervical Portion ◽  
Anatomic Dissection ◽  
The Right

Background and objectives: Anatomical dissection is an indispensable means of acquiring knowledge about the variability of the human body. We detected the co-existence of several arterial variations within one female anatomic specimen during routine anatomical dissection. The aim of this study was to evaluate if this status is a regular pattern in any of other vertebrates. Materials and Methods: Besides of a meticulous anatomic dissection, we performed a literature review concerning the frequency, the phylogenesis, and ontogenesis of all of these variations. Results: Exceptionally, the middle colic artery arose from an extraordinarily divided celiac trunk. The kidneys received three polar arteries. On the left side, a corona mortis replaced the obturator artery. The aortic arch gave rise to a bicarotid trunk, and the right subclavian artery originated and coursed as a typical lusorial artery leading to a non-recurrent laryngeal nerve on the right side. Furthermore, variations of the branches of the thyrocervical trunk were found to be present. Extraordinarily, in their cervical portion both internal carotid arteries gave rise to two arteries each. All of these variations developed within two to three weeks, around the sixth week of gestation. It was not possible to ascribe all or even one of the variations to a singular species of vertebrates. Conclusion: Apparently, arterial variations are frequently a result of random development. Medical professionals must always be aware of anatomical variations; the absence of such awareness would create major difficulties during surgery. The present case confirms the relevance of anatomical dissection, particularly for medical students.

scholarly journals Variation in the branching pattern of celiac trunk: a case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (03) ◽  
pp. 200-202
Author(s):  
S. Nayak ◽  
A. Aithal ◽  
S. Shetty ◽  
N. Kumar ◽  
S. Ravindra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Artery ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Left Gastric Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Gastric Artery ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Hepatic Arteries ◽  
The People ◽  
The Right

AbstractArterial supply for the derivatives of foregut in the abdomen is provided by the branches of the celiac trunk. Celiac trunk is the first ventral branch of abdominal aorta and usually branches into splenic, common hepatic and left gastric arteries. Variations in the branching pattern of celiac trunk are common but in most of the people, they remain asymptomatic and go unnoticed. A good knowledge of these anatomical variations is important for surgeons undertaking various surgeries in the abdominal region and will help to minimise the complications related to abdominal surgery. Clinicians and radiologists should also be aware of any variations in the vascular pattern of the celiac trunk before performing angiographic examinations. In the current case, the celiac trunk divided into two branches; left gastric artery and hepato-splenic trunk. The hepato-splenic trunk further divided into splenic and common hepatic arteries. The common hepatic artery trifitrcated into proper hepatic, gastroduodenal and accessory hepatic arteries. Hepatic artery proper divided into right and left hepatic arteries. The accessory hepatic artery was tortuous and was as large as the left hepatic artery. It gave origin to the right gastric artery and entered the liver through left end of porta hepatis.

RIGHT HEPATIC ARTEY: CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF VARIATIONS IN THE ORIGIN AND ITS RELATIONS WITH THE COMMON HEPATIC DUCT

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-47
Author(s):  
Sabeersha. S ◽  
K.S. Krishnakumari
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Artery ◽  
Hepatic Duct ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Common Hepatic Duct ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Right Hepatic Artery ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right

The right hepatic artery is an end artery and contributes sole arterial supply to right lobe of the liver . It also supplies the gall bladder, cystic duct, common hepatic duct and upper and middle part of common bile duct. Normal hepatic arterial anatomy occurs in approximately in 80% of cases, for the remaining 20% multiple variations have been described. Misinterpretation of anatomical variations of the right hepatic artery contribute to the major intraoperative mishaps and complications in hepatobiliary surgery. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study conducted on 50 cadavers in Department of Anatomy,Govt Medical College, Kozhikode to document the normal anatomy and different variations of right hepatic artery regarding its origin and relation with the common hepatic duct. Results : Right hepatic artery had its origin from proper hepatic artery in 47 (94%) cases, in one case the artery came from common hepatic artery, aberrant origin of right hepatic artery was seen in 4% cases, one case from celiac trunk directly and the other from superior mesenteric artery. Relation with common hepatic duct : In 46 cases (92%) the artery (normal and aberrant) passes posterior to common hepatic duct. In 6%, the artery was related anterior to common hepatic duct. In one case the artery was medial to the common hepatic duct. Conclusions : This study highlights the importance of knowledge of such anomalies since their awareness will decrease morbidity and help to keep away from a number of surgical complications.

Anatomical Variations of Coronary Ostia, Aortocoronary Angles and Angles of Division of the Left Coronary Artery of the Human Heart

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 914-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Pejković ◽  
I Krajnc ◽  
F Anderhuber
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Right Coronary Artery ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Initial Part ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
The Right

Classic anatomical dissection of 150 heart specimens from adults aged 18 − 80 years was performed. Anatomical variations were studied in: (i) the position of the ostium of the left coronary artery; (ii) the angle between the proximal segment of the left coronary artery and the longitudinal axis of the aorta and between the circumflex and the anterior descending branches; (iii) the angle between the anterior descending artery and the diagonal branches, and between the diagonal and circumflex branches in trifurcation of the left coronary artery; (iv) the position of the ostium of the right coronary artery in the right coronary sinus of Valsalva; (v) the angle between the initial part of the right coronary artery and the logitudinal axis of the aorta; and (vi) the position of the initial part of the left coronary artery relative to the coronary groove. Knowledge of and the ability to recognize and identify the variety of sites of origin of coronary arteries, aortocoronary angles and angles of division of the left coronary artery of the human heart may help to overcome potential difficulties in cardiosurgical procedures, such as aortic valve replacement and reinsertion of coronary arteries.

scholarly journals ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF THE SUPERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY AND ITS CLINICAL AND SURGICAL IMPLICATIONS IN HUMANS

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Gabriela Oliveira da SILVA ◽  
Ana Beatriz Marques BARBOSA ◽  
Nathalie de Almeida SILVA ◽  
Diego Neves ARAÚJO ◽  
Thiago de Oliveira ASSIS
Keyword(s):  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Great Role ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
The Right ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Sample Method

ABSTRACT Introduction: Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) usually arises from the abdominal aorta, just below the celiac trunk and it supplies the midgut-derived embryonic structures. Anatomical variations in this vessel contribute to problems in the formation and/or absorption of this part of the intestine and its absence has been recognized as the cause of congenital duodenojejunal atresia. Objective: To analyze SMA anatomical variations in humans and the possible associated clinical and surgical implications. Methods: This is a systematic review of papers indexed in PubMed, SciELO, Springerlink, Science Direct, Lilacs, and Latindex databases. The search was performed by two independent reviewers between September and December 2018. Original studies involving SMA variations in humans were included. SMA presence/absence, level, place of origin and its terminal branches were considered. Results: At the end of the search, 18 studies were selected, characterized as for the sample, method to evaluate the anatomical structure and main results. The most common type of variation was when SMA originated from the right hepatic artery (6.13%). Two studies (11.11%) evidenced the inferior mesenteric artery originating from the SMA, whereas other two (11.11%) found the SMA sharing the same origin of the celiac trunk. Conclusion: SMA variations are not uncommon findings and their reports evidenced through the scientific literature demonstrate a great role for the development of important clinical conditions, making knowledge about this subject relevant to surgeons and professionals working in this area.

scholarly journals Computed tomography angiography study of variations of the celiac trunk and hepatic artery in 100 patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivelise Regina Canito Brasil ◽  
Igor Farias de Araujo ◽  
Adriana Augusta Lopes de Araujo Lima ◽  
Ernesto Lima Araujo Melo ◽  
Ronaldo de Matos Esmeraldo
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hepatic Artery ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Proper Hepatic Artery ◽  
The Common ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

Abstract Objective: To describe the main anatomical variations of the celiac trunk and the hepatic artery at their origins. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective analysis of 100 consecutive computed tomography angiography studies of the abdomen performed during a one-year period. The findings were stratified according to classification systems devised by Sureka et al. and Michels. Results: The celiac trunk was "normal" (i.e., the hepatogastrosplenic trunk and superior mesenteric artery originating separately from the abdominal aorta) in 43 patients. In our sample, we identified four types of variations of the celiac trunk. Regarding the hepatic artery, a normal anatomical pattern (i.e., the proper hepatic artery being a continuation of the common hepatic artery and bifurcating into the right and left hepatic arteries) was seen in 82 patients. We observed six types of variations of the hepatic artery. Conclusion: We found rates of variations of the hepatic artery that are different from those reported in the literature. Our findings underscore the need for proper knowledge and awareness of these anatomical variations, which can facilitate their recognition and inform decisions regarding the planning of surgical procedures, in order to avoid iatrogenic intraoperative injuries, which could lead to complications.

scholarly journals Anomalous Celiac Trunk Variation Encountered in Y-90 Radioembolization

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Huang ◽  
Ramana Yedavalli
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Artery ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Left Gastric Artery ◽  
Arterial Supply ◽  
Right Hepatic Artery ◽  
Replaced Right Hepatic Artery ◽  
Ct Angiogram ◽  
The Right ◽  
Selection Of

Background:  Yttrium-90 microsphere embolization is a selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) used in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases. Current literature recommends lobar, or more selective, infusion of SIRT to allow for precise radiation administration and to mitigate risk of non-target embolization. Lobar infusion requires knowledge of anatomical variations of hepatic arterial supply. The trifurcation of the celiac trunk into the left gastric artery, splenic artery, and common hepatic artery is the most common presentation representing 51% to 89% of patient anatomy. A replaced right hepatic artery (RHA) arising from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is one of the most common variants of hepatic arterial supply with a prevalence of 10.6% to 15%. Common variations such as these are well described and easily mapped using catheter angiography, but rarer variations are not as well described and more challenging to map.    Project Methods:  Mapping catheter angiogram of the celiac trunk and SMA was obtained. Additional aortogram and CT angiogram were obtained to further elucidate patient’s anatomy.    Results:  Initial mapping angiogram was only partially successful because the RHA could not be selected. Abdominal aortogram and CT angiogram of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a replaced RHA arising directly from the distal celiac trunk. Additionally, the patient had a replaced cystic artery arising from the left hepatic artery and an arc of Buhler connecting the proximal SMA to the proximal aspect of the right hepatic artery.    Conclusion:  Radiologists need to be aware of rare variations in hepatic arterial supply for the safe and effective treatment of hepatic neoplasms, whether primary or metastatic. Description of arterial variation and informed selection of arterial branches will remain a critical aspect of improving efficiency and reducing risks of hepatic embolization procedures. 

Carotid endarterectomy in patients with foetal-type posterior circle of Willis: Is there an indication for local anaesthesia?

VASA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-407
Author(s):  
Maras ◽  
Tzormpatzoglou ◽  
Papas ◽  
Papanas ◽  
Kotsikoris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Circle Of Willis ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ica Stenosis ◽  
Symptomatic Stenosis

Foetal-type posterior circle of Willis is a common anatomical variation with a variable degree of vessel asymmetry. In patients with this abnormality, carotid endarterectomy (CEA) may create cerebral hypo-perfusion intraoperatively, and this may be underestimated under general anaesthesia. There is currently no evidence that anatomical variations in the circle of Willis represent an independent risk factor for stroke. Moreover, there is a paucity of data on treating patients with such anatomical variations and co-existing ICA stenosis. We present a case of CEA under local anaesthesia (LA) in a 52-year-old female patient with symptomatic stenosis of the right ICA and coexistent foetal-type posterior circle of Willis. There were no post-operative complications and she was discharged free from symptoms. She was seen again 3 months later and was free from complications. This case higlights that LA should be strongly considered to enable better intra-operative neurological monitoring in the event of foetal-type posterior circle of Willis.

scholarly journals Two muscular variations in the elbow associated with the anterior interosseous nerve

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Olewnik ◽  
Bartłomiej Szewczyk ◽  
Nicol Zielinska ◽  
Dariusz Grzelecki ◽  
Michał Polguj
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Flexor Pollicis Longus ◽  
Main Band ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
Pronator Teres ◽  
Anterior Interosseous Nerve ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe coexistence of different muscular-neurovascular variations is of significant clinical importance. A male cadaver, 76 years old at death, was subjected to routine anatomical dissection; the procedure was performed for research and teaching purposes at the Department of Anatomical Dissection and Donation, Medical University of Lodz. The right forearm and hand were dissected using standard techniques according to a strictly specified protocol. The presence accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus may potentially compress the anterior interosseous nerve. The present case report describes a rare variant of the ulnar head of the pronator teres, characterized by two independent bands (i.e., two proximal attachments). The main band originates from the coronoid process and the second originates from the tendon of the biceps brachii. This type of attachment could potentially affect the compression of the ulnar artery running between the two bands. Additionally, the accessory head of the flexor pollicis longus was observed, which started on the medial epicondyle; its coexistence with a high division median nerve creates a potential pressure site on the anterior interesosseous nerve.

scholarly journals What comprises the plate-like structure between the pancreatic head and the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery? A proposal for the term “P–A ligament” based on anatomical findings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoru Muro ◽  
Wachirawit Sirirat ◽  
Daisuke Ban ◽  
Yuichi Nagakawa ◽  
Keiichi Akita
Keyword(s):  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Pancreatic Head ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Dorsal Side ◽  
Uncinate Process ◽  
Anatomical Basis ◽  
The Right ◽  
Upper Abdomen ◽  
Macroscopic Examination

AbstractA plate-like structure is located posterior to the portal vein system, between the pancreatic head and roots and/or branches of two major arteries of the aorta: the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery. We aimed to clarify the distribution and components of this plate-like structure. Macroscopic examination of the upper abdomen and histological examination of the plate-like structure were performed on 26 cadavers. The plate-like structure is connected to major arteries (aorta, celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery) and the pancreatic head; it contains abundant fibrous bundles comprising nerves, vessels, collagen fibers, and adipose tissue. Furthermore, it consists of three partly overlapping fibrous components: rich fibrous bundles (superior mesenteric artery plexus) fused to the uncinate process of the pancreas; fibrous bundles arising from the right celiac ganglion and celiac trunk that spread radially to the dorsal side of the pancreatic head and superior mesenteric artery plexus; and fibrous bundles, accompanied by the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, entering the pancreatic head. The plate-like structure is the pancreas–major arteries (aorta, celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery) ligament (P–A ligament). The term “P–A ligament” may be clinically useful and can facilitate comprehensive understanding of the anatomy surrounding the pancreatic head and provide an anatomical basis for further pancreatic surgery studies.

scholarly journals Arterial diameter of the celiac trunk and its branches: anatomical study

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Augusto da Silveira ◽  
Fernando Braga Cassiano Silveira ◽  
Valéria Paula Sassoli Fazan
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Artery ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Left Gastric Artery ◽  
Gastric Artery ◽  
Arterial Diameter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diameter Reduction ◽  
Formalin Fixed

PURPOSE: Despite the fact that anatomical variations of the celiac trunk are well explored in the literature, information on these vessels diameters is scanty. The aims of the present study were to describe the arterial diameters of the celiac trunk and its main branches, and to investigate if these diameters are altered in those cases presenting anatomical variations of these vessels. METHODS: Twenty-one formalin fixed adult male cadavers were appropriately dissected for the celiac trunk identification and arterial diameter measurements. Arteries measured included the celiac trunk and its main branches (splenic artery, left gastric artery and common hepatic artery), as the proper hepatic artery, right gastric artery, the left and right hepatic arteries and the gastroduodenal artery. RESULTS: From the 21 cadavers, 6 presented anatomical variations of, at least, one of the above mentioned branches. The average arterial diameter comparisons between groups (normal and variable) clearly showed smaller diameters for variable vessels, but with no significant difference. CONCLUSION: Our data indicates the possibility of a diameter reduction of the celiac trunk main branches in the presence of anatomical variations. This should be taken into account on the selection for the liver transplantation donors.

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