scholarly journals Uterine Metabolomic Analysis for the Regulation of Eggshell Calcification in Chickens

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Xiqiong Wang ◽  
Ping Zhu ◽  
Zhihua Sun ◽  
Junnan Zhang ◽  
Congjiao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Eggshell Thickness ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Calcite Crystal ◽  
Eggshell Quality ◽  
Uterine Fluid ◽  
Hatching Eggs

Eggshell quality is economically important for table eggs and functionally indispensable for hatching eggs. During the formation of eggshell in the uterus, organic matrixes in uterine fluid can control and modify the formation of calcified eggshell. At present, there are limited studies focusing on the effect of uterine organic metabolites on eggshell quality. In this study, an LC-MS-based metabolomic technology was performed to identify the crucial uterine metabolites that differently presented in hens producing eggs with divergent eggshell quality (eggshell strength, thickness, and weight). More than 1000 metabolites were identified in uterine fluid, and six putative metabolites, including phosphatidylcholine, diacylglycerol, verapamil, risedronate, coproporphyrinogen III, and biliverdin, were screened to play crucial roles in eggshell calcification. Then, two trials for oral administration and in vitro calcite crystal growth were conducted to verify the effect of potential different metabolites on the eggshell quality. Verapamil has a temporary effect on decreasing eggshell strength and eggshell thickness. Coproporphyrinogen III could induce smaller calcite crystals to improve eggshell strength while biliverdin could modify crystal morphology by forming rougher faces and rounder edges to strengthen the eggshell. The present study gives us new insight to understand the role of uterine fluid matrixes in eggshell calcification.

Polysaccharides of Intracrystalline Glycoproteins Modulate Calcite Crystal Growth In Vitro

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shira Albeck ◽  
Steve Weiner ◽  
Lia Addadi
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Calcite Crystal

A structural approach to pathological crystallizations. Gout: the possible role of albumin in sodium urate crystallization

1988 ◽  
Vol 235 (1279) ◽  
pp. 145-159 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Immunogold Labelling ◽  
Sodium Cation ◽  
Carboxylate Groups ◽  
Sodium Urate ◽  
Msu Crystals ◽  
Nucleating Effect

The interactions between sodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals and human serum albumin (HSA) were investigated in vitro in relation to the disease of gout. It was found that HSA accelerates (by up to ten times or even more) the nucleation of MSU crystals at a pH of more than 7.5, but only to a much lesser extent (1.2 times) at pH 7.0. Protein denaturation, as well as blocking exposed carboxylate groups on the protein, substantially reduced the nucleating effect. By use of immunofluorescence, immunogold labelling and crystal morphology studies, albumin was shown to interact preferentially with the {11̄0} faces of MSU crystals. Taking these results into consideration, a mechanism is proposed whereby albumin stabilizes MSU crystal nuclei by interaction of structured carboxylate-containing protein domains with planes of the incipient crystal exposing sodium cation layers.

Fluoride Modulates the Inhibition of in Vitro Hydroxyapatite Crystal Growth by Small Dentin Proteoglycan: Relevance to Dental Calculus

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Hall ◽  
G. Embery ◽  
R.P. Shellis
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Dermatan Sulfate ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Dental Calculus ◽  
Ectopic Mineralization ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Crystal ◽  
Subgingival Calculus

Glycosaminoglycan constituents of the periodontium have been detected in supragingival and subgingival dental calculus. They are polyanionic heteropolysaccharides containing -COOH and SO3H residues. The non-sulfated hyaluronan is present in supragingival calculus, whereas chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and heparan sulfate are detected in subgingival calculus. They are implicated in both ectopic and endogenous mineralization, and have been used in the present study to investigate seeded hydroxyapatite crystal growth, and the influence of fluoride on the process. All glycosaminoglycans examined inhibited crystal growth, with chondroitin-4-sulfate and dermatan sulfate being more effective than the hyaluronan. Fluoride alone enhanced growth and reduced the inhibitory influence of the glycosaminoglycans and the parent proteoglycan, which is a potent inhibitor. The results yield important information on the role of fluoride and proteoglycan in ectopic mineralization.

scholarly journals Capture and metabolomic analysis of the human endometrial epithelial organoid secretome

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (15) ◽  
pp. e2026804118
Author(s):  
Constantine A. Simintiras ◽  
Pramod Dhakal ◽  
Chaman Ranjit ◽  
Harriet C. Fitzgerald ◽  
Ahmed Z. Balboula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
High Throughput Method ◽  
Uterine Fluid ◽  
Fluid Formation ◽  
Endometrial Epithelium

Suboptimal uterine fluid (UF) composition can lead to pregnancy loss and likely contributes to offspring susceptibility to chronic adult-onset disorders. However, our understanding of the biochemical composition and mechanisms underpinning UF formation and regulation remain elusive, particularly in humans. To address this challenge, we developed a high-throughput method for intraorganoid fluid (IOF) isolation from human endometrial epithelial organoids. The IOF is biochemically distinct to the extraorganoid fluid (EOF) and cell culture medium as evidenced by the exclusive presence of 17 metabolites in IOF. Similarly, 69 metabolites were unique to EOF, showing asymmetrical apical and basolateral secretion by the in vitro endometrial epithelium, in a manner resembling that observed in vivo. Contrasting the quantitative metabolomic profiles of IOF and EOF revealed donor-specific biochemical signatures of organoids. Subsequent RNA sequencing of these organoids from which IOF and EOF were derived established the capacity to readily perform organoid multiomics in tandem, and suggests that transcriptomic regulation underpins the observed secretory asymmetry. In summary, these data provided by modeling uterine luminal and basolateral fluid formation in vitro offer scope to better understand UF composition and regulation with potential impacts on female fertility and offspring well-being.

A willow UDP-glycosyltransferase involved in salicinoid biosynthesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kulasekaran ◽  
Sergio Cerezo-Medina ◽  
Claudia Harflett ◽  
Charlotte Lomax ◽  
Femke de Jong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathways ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Substituted Phenols ◽  
Salix Purpurea

Abstract The salicinoids are phenolic glycosides that are characteristic secondary metabolites of the Salicaceae, particularly willows and poplars. Despite the well-known pharmacology of salicin, that led to the development of aspirin >100 years ago, the biosynthetic pathways leading to salicinoids have yet to be defined. Here, we describe the identification, cloning, and biochemical characterization of SpUGT71L2 and SpUGT71L3—isozymic glycosyltransferases from Salix purpurea—that function in the glucosylation of ortho-substituted phenols. The best substrate in vitro was salicyl-7-benzoate. Its product, salicyl-7-benzoate glucoside, was shown to be endogenous in poplar and willow. Together they are inferred to be early intermediates in the biosynthesis of salicortin and related metabolites in planta. The role of this UDP-glycosyltransferase was confirmed via the metabolomic analysis of transgenic plants produced by RNAi knockdown of the poplar orthologue (UGT71L1) in the hybrid clone Populus tremula×P. alba, INRA 717-1B4.

scholarly journals In Vitro Calcite Crystal Morphology Is Modulated by Otoconial Proteins Otolin-1 and Otoconin-90

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e95333 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Trent Moreland ◽  
Mina Hong ◽  
Wenfu Lu ◽  
Christopher W. Rowley ◽  
David M. Ornitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Morphology ◽  
Calcite Crystal

In situ pH measurements of the Syrian hamster uterus during early pregnancy to determine the role of pH in zona pellucida loss in vivo

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn McDougall ◽  
Jerry L. Hedrick ◽  
Barry D. Bavister
Keyword(s):  
Zona Pellucida ◽  
Syrian Hamster ◽  
Ph Measurements ◽  
Pregnant Uterus ◽  
Sensitive Factor ◽  
Uterine Fluid

The mechanisms of zona pellucida (ZP) loss in peri-implantation hamster embryos in vivo versus in vitro are distinctly different. To investigate if ZP loss in vivo is the result of transient uterine pH changes, the luminal pH of the pregnant uterus was measured during the ZP loss period. Prior to ZP loss, pH was 7.30 0.05 (mean SE; left uterine horn) and 7.35 0.03 (right horn). During ZP loss, pH was 7.26 0.07 (left) and 7.35 0.03 (right), and after embryo attachment, 7.25 0.02 (left) and 7.27 0.02 (right). None of these values are statistically different. The pseudopregnant uterine pH was 7.30 0.04 (left) and 7.31 0.04 (right), not statistically different from each other or from pregnant uteri. Blastocyst ZP loss in vitro (pH 3.0–8.5) occurred only at pH 3.0. Loss of ZP occurred in uterine flushings from pregnant or pseudopregnant hamsters, evidence that ZP loss is related to uterine factors. Complete ZP loss occurred at pH 6.8, but was incomplete at pH 6.6, 7.0 and 7.2. No ZP loss occurred in uterine flushings from non-mated females. In summary: (i) a change in uterine pH does not cause ZP loss in vivo in the Syrian hamster; (ii) a pH-sensitive factor in pregnant and pseudopregnant uterine fluid is responsible for ZP loss.

scholarly journals In vitro effects of recombinant otoconin 90 upon calcite crystal growth. Significance of tertiary structure

2010 ◽  
Vol 268 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 172-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfu Lu ◽  
Dan Zhou ◽  
John J. Freeman ◽  
Isolde Thalmann ◽  
David M. Ornitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Tertiary Structure ◽  
Calcite Crystal ◽  
In Vitro Effects

The role of silicon in forages: A quantitative X-Ray study

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 416-417
Author(s):  
Janet H. Woodward ◽  
D. E. Akin
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acetate Buffer ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Sodium Acetate Buffer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Percent Composition

Silicon (Si) is distributed throughout plant tissues, but its role in forages has not been clarified. Although Si has been suggested as an antiquality factor which limits the digestibility of structural carbohydrates, other research indicates that its presence in plants does not affect digestibility. We employed x-ray microanalysis to evaluate Si as an antiquality factor at specific sites of two cultivars of bermuda grass (Cynodon dactvlon (L.) Pers.). “Coastal” and “Tifton-78” were chosen for this study because previous work in our lab has shown that, although these two grasses are similar ultrastructurally, they differ in in vitro dry matter digestibility and in percent composition of Si.Two millimeter leaf sections of Tifton-7 8 (Tift-7 8) and Coastal (CBG) were incubated for 72 hr in 2.5% (w/v) cellulase in 0.05 M sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.0. For controls, sections were incubated in the sodium acetate buffer or were not treated.

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