scholarly journals Phage-based Electrochemical Sensors: A Review

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 855 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingting Xu ◽  
Ying Chau ◽  
Yi-kuen Lee
Keyword(s):  
Phage Display ◽  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Recognition Element

Phages based electrochemical sensors have received much attention due to their high specificity, sensitivity and simplicity. Phages or bacteriophages provide natural affinity to their host bacteria cells and can serve as the recognition element for electrochemical sensors. It can also act as a tool for bacteria infection and lysis followed by detection of the released cell contents, such as enzymes and ions. In addition, possible detection of the other desired targets, such as antibodies have been demonstrated with phage display techniques. In this paper, the recent development of phage-based electrochemical sensors has been reviewed in terms of the different immobilization protocols and electrochemical detection techniques.

scholarly journals Multiplexed Detection of Sepsis Markers in Whole Blood using Nanocomposite Coated Electrochemical Sensors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uroš Zupančič ◽  
Pawan Jolly ◽  
Pedro Estrela ◽  
Despina Moschou ◽  
Donald E. Ingber
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Nanocomposite Coating ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Undiluted Serum

ABSTRACTSepsis is a leading cause of mortality worldwide that is difficult to diagnose and manage because this requires simultaneous analysis of multiple biomarkers. Electrochemical detection methods could potentially provide a way to accurately quantify multiple sepsis biomarkers in a multiplexed manner as they have very low limits of detection and require minimal sensor instrumentation; however, affinity-based electrochemical sensors are usually hampered by biological fouling. Here we describe development of an electrochemical detection platform that enables detection of multiple sepsis biomarkers simultaneously by incorporating a recently developed nanocomposite coating composed of crosslinked bovine serum albumin containing a network of reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles that prevents biofouling. Using nanocomposite coated planar gold electrodes, we constructed a procalcitonin sensor and demonstrated sensitive PCT detection in undiluted serum and clinical samples, as well as excellent correlation with a conventional ELISA (adjusted r2 = 0.95). Sensors for two additional sepsis biomarkers — C-reactive protein and pathogen-associated molecular patterns — were developed on the same multiplexed platform and tested in whole blood. Due to the excellent antifouling properties of the nanocomposite coating, all three sensors exhibited specific responses within the clinically significant range without any cross-reactivity in the same channel with low sample volume. This platform enables sensitive simultaneous electrochemical detection of multiple analytes in human whole blood, which can be expanded further to any target analyte with an appropriate antibody pair or capturing probe, and thus, may offer a potentially valuable tool for development of clinical point-of-care diagnostics.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Development of Planar Microfluidic Systems Using Conventional and Low Temperature Assembling Schemes for Components

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihat Okulan ◽  
Shekhar Bhansali ◽  
Arum Han ◽  
Saman Dharmatilleke ◽  
Jin-Woo Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Particle ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Microfluidic Systems ◽  
Detection Techniques

Abstract This center is currently working on the development of a remotely accessible generic microfluidic system (“lab on a chip”) for biological and biochemical analysis, based on electrochemical detection techniques. Modular microfluidic components, including micro reservoirs, microvalves, micropumps, filterless magnetic particle separators, biosensors and flowsensors, were fabricated and tested, and integrated on a system motherboard. Other air-to-liquid measurand concentrators and integrated sieve/filters are being explored in related efforts. The fabrication of these microfluidic components and the utilization of wax for low temperature assembly and even bonding is discussed.

Optical and electrochemical detection techniques for cell-based microfluidic systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 384 (6) ◽  
pp. 1259-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changqing Yi ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Cheuk-Wing Li ◽  
Jun Yang ◽  
Jianlong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Microfluidic Systems ◽  
Detection Techniques

Image Tamper Blind Detection Based on CFA

2014 ◽  
Vol 496-500 ◽  
pp. 2237-2240
Author(s):  
Dong Sheng Ji ◽  
Rui Yang Yang ◽  
Ting Cao ◽  
Yu Kai Yao ◽  
Xiao Yun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Noise Analysis ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Other ◽  
Blind Detection ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Single Feature ◽  
Lower Detection ◽  
Pattern Number

Most of the methods need to build a sophisticated classifier to detect the image tamper which leads the lower detection efficiency. For this problem, we propose a method based on artifacts detection techniques in the process produces of CFA, which includes one based on CFA pattern number estimation and the other noise analysis based on CFA. The techniques are based on computing a single feature and a simple threshold based on classifier, determine whether the mosaic artifacts of the CFA was changed. The experimental results show that, the proposed approach has higher performance.

scholarly journals Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6566
Author(s):  
Yan-Ping Wei ◽  
Liang-Yuan Yao ◽  
Yi-Yong Wu ◽  
Xia Liu ◽  
Li-Hong Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Past Life ◽  
Flow Injection Chemiluminescence

Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe levels are extremely important for medicine efforts and human health. This review discusses the mechanism driving ACV’s ability to inhibit viral coding, starting from its development and pharmacology. A comprehensive summary of the existing preparation methods and synthetic materials, such as 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide, guanine and its derivatives, and other purine derivatives, is presented to elucidate the preparation of ACV in detail. In addition, it presents valuable analytical procedures for the toxicological studies of ACV, which are essential for human use and dosing. Analytical methods, including spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), electrochemical sensors, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), and flow injection–chemiluminescence (FI-CL) are also highlighted. A brief description of the characteristics of each of these methods is also presented. Finally, insight is provided for the development of ACV to drive further innovation of ACV in pharmaceutical applications. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the past life and future challenges of ACV.

NanoMIP-based approach for the suppression of interference signals in electrochemical sensors

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (24) ◽  
pp. 7290-7295
Author(s):  
Riccardo Rapini ◽  
Francesco Canfarotta ◽  
Elisabetta Mazzotta ◽  
Cosimino Malitesta ◽  
Giovanna Marrazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Interference Signals ◽  
Masking Agents ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted Nanoparticles ◽  
Target Analyte

Herein, we describe the use of molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) as sequestering (masking) agents, to suppress the signal coming from interfering molecules and facilitate the electrochemical detection of the target analyte.

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