scholarly journals A Flow-Through Microfluidic Relative Permittivity Sensor

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Yaxiang Zeng ◽  
Remco Sanders ◽  
Remco Wiegerink ◽  
Joost Lötters
Keyword(s):  
Relative Permittivity ◽  
Fluid Flows ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
Electrode Structure ◽  
Interdigitated Electrodes ◽  
Sensor Fabrication ◽  
Microfluidic Sensors ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Structure Sensor

In this paper, we present the design, simulation, fabrication and characterization of a microfluidic relative permittivity sensor in which the fluid flows through an interdigitated electrode structure. Sensor fabrication is based on an silicon on insulator (SOI) wafer where the fluidic inlet and outlet are etched through the handle layer and the interdigitated electrodes are made in the device layer. An impedance analyzer was used to measure the impedance between the interdigitated electrodes for various non-conducting fluids with a relative permittivity ranging from 1 to 41. The sensor shows good linearity over this range of relative permittivity and can be integrated with other microfluidic sensors in a multiparameter chip.

scholarly journals Spectral Decomposition of the Flow and Characterization of the Sound Signals through Stenoses with Different Levels of Severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Fardin Khalili ◽  
Peshala T. Gamage ◽  
Amirtahà Taebi ◽  
Mark E. Johnson ◽  
Randal B. Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Severity Level ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Proper Orthogonal ◽  
Different Levels

Treatments of atherosclerosis depend on the severity of the disease at the diagnosis time. Non-invasive diagnosis techniques, capable of detecting stenosis at early stages, are essential to reduce associated costs and mortality rates. We used computational fluid dynamics and acoustics analysis to extensively investigate the sound sources arising from high-turbulent fluctuating flow through stenosis. The frequency spectral analysis and proper orthogonal decomposition unveiled the frequency contents of the fluctuations for different severities and decomposed the flow into several frequency bandwidths. Results showed that high-intensity turbulent pressure fluctuations appeared inside the stenosis for severities above 70%, concentrated at plaque surface, and immediately in the post-stenotic region. Analysis of these fluctuations with the progression of the stenosis indicated that (a) there was a distinct break frequency for each severity level, ranging from 40 to 230 Hz, (b) acoustic spatial-frequency maps demonstrated the variation of the frequency content with respect to the distance from the stenosis, and (c) high-energy, high-frequency fluctuations existed inside the stenosis only for severe cases. This information can be essential for predicting the severity level of progressive stenosis, comprehending the nature of the sound sources, and determining the location of the stenosis with respect to the point of measurements.

Characterization of the water flow through concrete based on parameter estimation from infiltration tests

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1575-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Navarro ◽  
Ángel Yustres ◽  
Luís Cea ◽  
Miguel Candel ◽  
Ricardo Juncosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimation ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Infiltration Tests

Experimental characterization of single and two-phase flow through nickel foams

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (19) ◽  
pp. 4186-4195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odile Gerbaux ◽  
Thibaut Vercueil ◽  
Alain Memponteil ◽  
Bruno Bador
Keyword(s):  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Nickel Foams ◽  
Flow Through

Soft Switching Approach to Reducing Transition Losses in an On/Off Hydraulic Valve

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Rannow ◽  
Perry Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Check Valve ◽  
Fluid Flows ◽  
Soft Switching ◽  
Total System ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Hydraulic Valve

A method for significantly reducing the losses associated with an on/off controlled hydraulic system is proposed. There has been a growing interest in the use of on/off valves to control hydraulic systems as a means of improving system efficiency. While on/off valves are efficient when they are fully open or fully closed, a significant amount of energy can be lost in throttling as the valve transitions between the two states. A soft switching approach is proposed as a method of eliminating the majority of these transition losses. The operating principle of soft switching is that fluid can temporarily flow through a check valve or into a small chamber while valve orifices are partially closed. The fluid can then flow out of the chamber once the valve has fully transitioned. Thus, fluid flows through the valve only when it is in its most efficient fully open state. A model of the system is derived and simulated, with results indicating that the soft switching approach can reduce transition and compressibility losses by 79%, and total system losses by 66%. Design equations are also derived. The soft switching approach has the potential to improve the efficiency of on/off controlled systems and is particularly important as switching frequencies are increased. The soft switching approach will also facilitate the use of slower on/off valves for effective on/off control; in simulation, a valve with soft switching matched the efficiency an on/off valve that was 5 times faster.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MECHANICALLY FLEXIBLE RUBBER-CERAMIC COMPOSITE DIELECTRICS

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
DHANESH THOMAS ◽  
M. T. SEBASTIAN
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Loss ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Relative Permittivity ◽  
Ceramic Composite ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Butyl Rubber ◽  
Low Dielectric

Butyl rubber — Ca 4 La 6( SiO 4)4( PO 4)2 O 2 — composites have been prepared by sigma mixing and hot pressing. The relative permittivity of the composites varies from 3 to 5.3 at 1 MHz. All the composites show low dielectric loss of the order of 10−3 at 1 MHz. The experimentally observed values of relative permittivity are correlated with those calculated using various theoretical models. The composites show good temperature stability of relative permittivity.

Instability Modes of Two-Phase Flows in a Mixing-Layer Microdevice

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tak For Yu ◽  
Sylvanus Yuk Kwan Lee ◽  
Yitshak Zohar ◽  
Man Wong
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Mixing Layer ◽  
Fluid Flows ◽  
Two Phase Flows ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Pressure Distributions ◽  
Instability Modes ◽  
In Series ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
Flow Through

Abstract Extensive development of biomedical and chemical analytic microdevices involves microscale fluid flows. Merging of fluid streams is expected to be a key feature in such devices. An integrated microsystem consisting of merging microchannels and distributed pressure microsensors has been designed and characterized to study this phenomenon on a microscale. The two narrow, uniform and identical channels merged smoothly into a wide, straight and uniform channel downstream of a splitter plate. All of the devices were fabricated using standard micromachining techniques. Mass flow rates and pressure distributions were measured for single-phase gas flow in order to characterize the device. The experimental results indicated that the flow developed when both inlets were connected together to the gas source could be modeled as gas flow through a straight and uniform microchannel. The flow through a single branch while the other was blocked, however, could be modeled as gas flow through a pair of microchannels in series. Flow visualizations of two-phase flows have been conducted when driving liquid and gas through the inlet channels. Several instability modes of the gas/liquid interface have been observed as a function of the pressure difference between the two streams at the merging location.

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