scholarly journals Comparative Proteomics Analysis Reveals New Features of the Oxidative Stress Response in the Polyextremophilic Bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Gao ◽  
Zhengfu Zhou ◽  
Xiaonan Chen ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Min Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Deinococcus Radiodurans ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Comparative Proteomics ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Proteomics Analysis ◽  
Dna Damaging Agents ◽  
Oxidative Resistance

Deinococcus radiodurans is known for its extreme resistance to ionizing radiation, oxidative stress, and other DNA-damaging agents. The robustness of this bacterium primarily originates from its strong oxidative resistance mechanisms. Hundreds of genes have been demonstrated to contribute to oxidative resistance in D. radiodurans; however, the antioxidant mechanisms have not been fully characterized. In this study, comparative proteomics analysis of D. radiodurans grown under normal and oxidative stress conditions was conducted using label-free quantitative proteomics. The abundances of 852 of 1700 proteins were found to significantly differ between the two groups. These differential proteins are mainly associated with translation, DNA repair and recombination, response to stresses, transcription, and cell wall organization. Highly upregulated expression was observed for ribosomal proteins such as RplB, Rpsl, RpsR, DNA damage response proteins (DdrA, DdrB), DNA repair proteins (RecN, RecA), and transcriptional regulators (members of TetR, AsnC, and GntR families, DdrI). The functional analysis of proteins in response to oxidative stress is discussed in detail. This study reveals the global protein expression profile of D. radiodurans in response to oxidative stress and provides new insights into the regulatory mechanism of oxidative resistance in D. radiodurans.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium bovis BCG recADeletion Mutant Shows Increased Susceptibility to DNA-Damaging Agents but Wild-Type Survival in a Mouse Infection Model

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 3562-3568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Sander ◽  
K. G. Papavinasasundaram ◽  
Thomas Dick ◽  
Evangelos Stavropoulos ◽  
Kerstin Ellrott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Mouse Infection Model ◽  
Dna Damaging Agents ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

ABSTRACT Pathogenic microorganisms possess antioxidant defense mechanisms for protection from reactive oxygen metabolites which are generated during the respiratory burst of phagocytic cells. These defense mechanisms include enzymes such as catalase, which detoxifies reactive oxygen species, and DNA repair systems, which repair damage resulting from oxidative stress. To (i) determine the relative importance of the DNA repair system when oxidative stress is encountered by theMycobacterium tuberculosis complex during infection of the host and to (ii) provide improved mycobacterial hosts as live carriers to express foreign antigens, the recA locus was inactivated by allelic exchange in Mycobacterium bovisBCG. The recA mutants are sensitive to DNA-damaging agents and show increased susceptibility to metronidazole, the first lead compound active against the dormant M. tuberculosis complex. Surprisingly, the recAgenotype does not affect the in vitro dormancy response, nor does the defect in the DNA repair system lead to attenuation as determined in a mouse infection model. The recA mutants will be a valuable tool for further development of BCG as an antigen delivery system to express foreign antigens and as a source of a genetically stable vaccine against tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Comparative proteomics of oxidative stress response of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM reveals effects on DNA repair and cysteine de novo synthesis

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1600178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elia Calderini ◽  
Hasan Ufuk Celebioglu ◽  
Julia Villarroel ◽  
Susanne Jacobsen ◽  
Birte Svensson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Oxidative Stress Response ◽  
Comparative Proteomics ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus Ncfm

scholarly journals Comparative Proteomics Analysis Reveals Unique Early Signaling Response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Oxidants with Different Mechanism of Action

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Prajita Pandey ◽  
Khadiza Zaman ◽  
Laszlo Prokai ◽  
Vladimir Shulaev
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Comparative Proteomics ◽  
Mass Analyzer ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Proteomics Analysis ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Signaling Mechanism

The early signaling events involved in oxidant recognition and triggering of oxidant-specific defense mechanisms to counteract oxidative stress still remain largely elusive. Our discovery driven comparative proteomics analysis revealed unique early signaling response of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the proteome level to oxidants with a different mechanism of action as early as 3 min after treatment with four oxidants, namely H2O2, cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), and menadione and diamide, when protein abundances were compared using label-free quantification relying on a high-resolution mass analyzer (Orbitrap). We identified significant regulation of 196 proteins in response to H2O2, 569 proteins in response to CHP, 369 proteins in response to menadione and 207 proteins in response to diamide. Only 17 proteins were common across all treatments, but several more proteins were shared between two or three oxidants. Pathway analyses revealed that each oxidant triggered a unique signaling mechanism associated with cell survival and repair. Signaling pathways mostly regulated by oxidants were Ran, TOR, Rho, and eIF2. Furthermore, each oxidant regulated these pathways in a unique way indicating specificity of response to oxidants having different modes of action. We hypothesize that interplay of these signaling pathways may be important in recognizing different oxidants to trigger different downstream MAPK signaling cascades and to induce specific responses.

Induction of resistance to hydrogen peroxide and radiation inDeinococcus radiodurans

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Herb E. Schellhorn
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Deinococcus Radiodurans ◽  
Inducible Defense ◽  
Dna Damaging Agents ◽  
Radiation Resistant ◽  
Γ Rays ◽  
Induction Of Resistance ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

Though bacteria of the radiation-resistant genus Deinococcus have a high resistance to the lethal and mutagenic effects of many DNA-damaging agents, the mechanisms involved in the response of these bacteria to oxidative stress are poorly understood. To investigate antioxidant enzyme responses in Deinococcus spp., the catalase activity produced by these bacteria was measured and the sensitivity of these bacteria to hydrogen peroxide was tested. Deinococcus spp. had higher levels of catalase and were more resistant to hydrogen peroxide than Escherichia coli K12. The high levels of catalase produced by Deinococcus radiodurans were, in part, regulated by growth phase. Cultures of D. radiodurans, when pretreated with sublethal levels of hydrogen peroxide, became relatively resistant to the lethal effects of hydrogen peroxide and exhibited higher levels of catalase than untreated control cultures. These pretreated cells were also resistant to lethality mediated by ultraviolet light and γ-rays. These results suggest that Deinococcus spp. possess inducible defense mechanism(s) against the deleterious effects of oxidants and ionizing and ultraviolet radiation.Key words: catalase, oxidative stress, radiation resistance, Deinococcus spp.

scholarly journals Genetic variants and cognitive functions in patients with brain tumors

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1297-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise D Correa ◽  
Jaya Satagopan ◽  
Axel Martin ◽  
Erica Braun ◽  
Maria Kryza-Lacombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Cell Cycle Regulation ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Cycle Regulation

AbstractBackgroundPatients with brain tumors treated with radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) often experience cognitive dysfunction. We reported that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the APOE, COMT, and BDNF genes may influence cognition in brain tumor patients. In this study, we assessed whether genes associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD), inflammation, cholesterol transport, dopamine and myelin regulation, and DNA repair may influence cognitive outcome in this population.MethodsOne hundred and fifty brain tumor patients treated with RT ± CT or CT alone completed a neurocognitive assessment and provided a blood sample for genotyping. We genotyped genes/SNPs in these pathways: (i) LOAD risk/inflammation/cholesterol transport, (ii) dopamine regulation, (iii) myelin regulation, (iv) DNA repair, (v) blood–brain barrier disruption, (vi) cell cycle regulation, and (vii) response to oxidative stress. White matter (WM) abnormalities were rated on brain MRIs.ResultsMultivariable linear regression analysis with Bayesian shrinkage estimation of SNP effects, adjusting for relevant demographic, disease, and treatment variables, indicated strong associations (posterior association summary [PAS] ≥ 0.95) among tests of attention, executive functions, and memory and 33 SNPs in genes involved in: LOAD/inflammation/cholesterol transport (eg, PDE7A, IL-6), dopamine regulation (eg, DRD1, COMT), myelin repair (eg, TCF4), DNA repair (eg, RAD51), cell cycle regulation (eg, SESN1), and response to oxidative stress (eg, GSTP1). The SNPs were not significantly associated with WM abnormalities.ConclusionThis novel study suggests that polymorphisms in genes involved in aging and inflammation, dopamine, myelin and cell cycle regulation, and DNA repair and response to oxidative stress may be associated with cognitive outcome in patients with brain tumors.

Caveolin-1 promotes radioresistance in rhabdomyosarcoma through increased oxidative stress protection and DNA repair

2021 ◽  
Vol 505 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Silvia Codenotti ◽  
Francesco Marampon ◽  
Luca Triggiani ◽  
Marco Lorenzo Bonù ◽  
Stefano Maria Magrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Caveolin 1 ◽  
Stress Protection ◽  
Oxidative Stress Protection

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles and Macrolide Resistance Mechanisms of Campylobacter coli Isolated from Pigs and Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1077
Author(s):  
Ji-Hyun Choi ◽  
Dong Chan Moon ◽  
Abraham Fikru Mechesso ◽  
Hee Young Kang ◽  
Su-Jeong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Campylobacter Coli ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
Public Health Hazards ◽  
Resistance Rates

We identified 1218 Campylobacter coli isolates from fecal and carcass samples of pigs (n = 643) and chickens (n = 575) between 2010 and 2018. About 99% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent. The isolates exhibited high resistance rates (>75%) to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline. Azithromycin and erythromycin resistance rates were the highest in isolates from pigs (39.7% and 39.2%, respectively) compared to those of chickens (15.8% and 16.3%, respectively). Additionally, a low-to-moderate proportion of the isolates were resistant to florfenicol, gentamicin, clindamycin, and telithromycin. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was found in 83.1% of the isolates, and profiles of MDR usually included ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline. We found point mutation (A2075G) in domain V of the 23S rRNA gene in the majority of erythromycin-resistant isolates. Multilocus sequence typing of 137 erythromycin-resistant C. coli isolates revealed 37 previously reported sequence types (STs) and 8 novel STs. M192I, A103VI, and G74A substitutions were frequently noted in the ribosomal proteins L4 or L22. Further, we identified a considerable proportion (>90%) of erythromycin-resistant isolates carrying virulence factor genes: flaA, cadF, ceuE, and VirB. The prudent use of antimicrobials and regular microbiological investigation in food animals will be vital in limiting the public health hazards of C. coli in Korea.

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