scholarly journals Norwegian Soils and Waters Contain Mesophilic, Plastic-Degrading Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Colin Charnock

Plastic pollution has become one of the most critical environmental issues, as rapidly increasing production, compounded by persistence of plastic wastes in the environment, are outpacing efforts to keep ecosystems plastic-free. A switch to plastics more amenable to microbial attack is one of several possible responses. Against this background, the current study describes the isolation, enumeration and polyphasic characterization of plastic-degrading bacteria present in Norwegian terrestrial and aquatic habits. It shows that these bacteria are present in relatively high numbers, and that plastic-degrading capabilities are found in several taxa, most especially Streptomyces. Some isolates wereable to degrade several plastics. Notably, a Rhodococcus sp. and a Streptomyces sp. degraded, respectively, four and six of the eight plastics investigated and a number of other polymers relevant for plastic blends. The paper also has a methodological aspect, presenting various approaches for assaying plastic-degrading properties and a PCR/sequencing-based approach for the identification of potential polyethylene terephthalate-degrading genes. A candidate gene was detected in several Streptomyces isolates. The study shows that Norwegian environments are a rich source of bacteria with the ability to degrade bioplastics possibly representing a natural remediation capacity, as well as a potential source of useful enzymes.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Latour ◽  
Gregoire Noel ◽  
Laurent Serteyn ◽  
Abdoul Razack Sare ◽  
Sebastien Massart ◽  
...  

The current plastic pollution throughout the world implies a crucial optimization of its (bio)degradation processes. In order to identify plastic degrading bacteria and associated enzymes, the gut microbiota of insects has raised interest. Some entomological models such as Tenebrio molitor (L. 1758), Plodia interpunctella (Hubner 1813) or Galleria mellonella (L. 1758) have the ability to ingest and degrade polyethylene. Then, it is promising to identify the composition and the role of the gut microbiota in this process. This study takes part in this issue by investigating G. mellonella as a biological model feeding with a polyethylene diet. Gut microbiome samples were processed by high throughput 16S rRNA sequencing, and Enterococcaceae and Oxalobacteraceae were found to be the major bacterial families. At low polyethylene dose, we detect no bacterial community change and no amplicon sequence variant associated with the polyethylene diet suggesting microbiome resilience. The functional analysis of insects gut content was promising for the identification of plastic degrading enzymes such as the phenylacetaldehyde dehydrogenase which participate in styrene degradation. This study allows a better characterization of the gut microbiota of G. mellonella and provides a basis for the further biodegradation study of polyethylene based on the microorganism valorization from insect guts.


2021 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajen Kundu ◽  
Priyanka Payala

Background: Plastics are indispensable for our society. The extensive use of petroleum-based plastic and dumping of the same in soil and water body greatly affects our environment and biodiversity. However, biodegradable plastics can reduce the volume of waste in packaging materials. Therefore, biomass-derived polymers are promising alternatives of the petroleum-based non-degradable polymer to address the environmental issues. Objective: A large number of reports on the synthesis and characterization of starch-based bioplastic are available in the literature. However, a detailed biodegradation study of the starch-based bioplastic is rarely reported. We have prepared potato starch-based bioplastic with the combination of various plasticizers (glycerol, sorbitol, and xylitol) through hydrogel formation and carried out their biodegradation study. Method: Present study investigated the biodegradation of potato starch-based bioplastic in the natural environment, in cultured bacteria, and with fungal α-amylase. Results: Starch-based plastic is completely degraded in the natural environment within two months. Bacteria culture in solid media resulted in various types of bacterial colonies. Among the various bacterial colonies, the white circular colony was the major bacteria that degrade starch-based plastic. Furthermore, we screened the starch-based plastic degrading bacteria and isolated the pure culture through the streak plate method. Conclusion: n presence of cultured bacteria and with fungal α-amylase, starch-based plastic is completely degraded within 96h and 48h respectively.


2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Peressutti

Hydrocarbon degrading bacteria (HDB) were monitored since 2006 to 2018 at the Permanent Environmental Studies Station (EPEA), in order to analyze its abundance and the potentiality to metabolize these pollutants. The presence of HDB was detected with counts values ranging between 103 and 105 UFC ml-1. A slight increase was observed over time, which could be linked to changes in marine temperature reported within the last years. Thirty-six HDB were tested for growth on various hydrocarbons and some of them showed a broad biodegradation profile. Moreover, from phenanthrene (Phe) enrichment cultures, five strains were phylogenetically identified as Halomonas sp. E1, E2 and E3; Rhodococcus sp. E4 and Pseudomonas sp. E5. Complete Phe degradation was demonstrated for E4 and E5 strains, while E1, E2, E3 and E4 strains displayed surfactant production. This study contributed with the first knowledge about the intrinsic HC biodegradation potential by bacterial communities at EPEA. Some of the strains exhibited physiological properties that might have ecological significance on environmental alterations as the presence of pollutants. Particularly, Rhodococcus sp. E4 could be an alternative for microbial selection in the degradation of PAHs. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of the climate change on microbial-mediated detoxification processes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. 3145-3157
Author(s):  
Munenori Takehara ◽  
Masayuki Saimura ◽  
Haruka Inaba ◽  
Yoshinao Kato ◽  
Shogo Muro ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Amna Aqeel ◽  
Zahid Hussain ◽  
Qurat-Ul-Ain Aqeel ◽  
Javaria Zafar ◽  
Naureen Ehsan ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Syed Jahangir Hussain ◽  
Mohamed Murshid Nowshad ◽  
Nooruddin Thajuddin ◽  
Tamil Kumar Tamilarasan ◽  
Parveez Ahamed Abdul Azees
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Ayane Terada ◽  
Daisuke Komatsu ◽  
Takahiro Ogawa ◽  
Darin Flamandita ◽  
Muhamad Sahlan ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Junjie Shan ◽  
Yonggang Bao ◽  
Liping Bai ◽  
Rong Jiang ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1852-1858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risky Ayu Kristanti ◽  
Masahiro Kanbe ◽  
Tony Hadibarata ◽  
Tadashi Toyama ◽  
Yasuhiro Tanaka ◽  
...  

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