scholarly journals Thermal Disturbances in Permafrost Due to Open Pit Mining and Tailings Impoundment

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Ahmad Booshehrian ◽  
Richard Wan ◽  
Grant Su
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Permafrost Degradation ◽  
Regime Changes ◽  
Tailings Impoundment ◽  
Operation Period

The paper is concerned with thermal disturbances in continuous permafrost due to open pit mining and tailings impoundment in the cold regions of Northern Canada. Numerical simulations were conducted to investigate issues of thermal regime changes and permafrost degradation in both the short term and the long term in connection with the proposed Kiggavik project in Nunavut, Canada. The results of numerical simulations indicate that no open talik would form below the East Zone and Center Zone pits during the estimated mining and milling operation period of 14 years, although a thin thawed zone would develop surrounding the open pits. For the Main Zone pit where the excavation would break through permafrost, the open talik remains following an extended operation period of 25 years with a 5 to 30 m thawed zone along the pit side walls. In the long term, with a plausible climate change scenario of 5 °C increase in the mean annual ground surface temperature during the next 100 years, the permafrost surrounding the in-pit tailings management facilities (TMFs) would reduce greatly in about 500 years. However, an approximately 40 m thick permafrost layer would remain on the top of the TMFs, which is impervious and would prevent any tailings pore water from migrating upward to reach the ground surface.

Changes in the Atmospheric Pressure as an Unfavorable Factor of Work in the Deep Open Pits

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
O.N. Dragunskiy ◽  
◽  
M. Rivkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Sharp Change ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
The Dead

The need in considering changes (including sharp) of the atmospheric pressure during the operation of deep open pits as one of the unfavorable factors is substantiated. It is believed that the atmospheric pressure in a particular region varies slightly-within 30–40 mm Hg per year. But at the present time, when only in Russia there are five open pits with a depth of 500 m and more, it is impossible to ignore changes in the atmospheric pressure in relation to workers moving, for example, by motor transport, from the surface to the bottom of the open pit and back. In this case, it can change by 50 or more mm Hg in half an hour. To solve the related problems, it is required to find out how atmospheric pressure affects the blood pressure of the open pit workers. The experience of the Dead Sea Clinic located in Israel at the Dead Sea at a depth of more than 400 m below the sea level is taken as a basis. Long-term measurements of the blood pressure in patients of the clinic revealed a tendency to decrease it by an average of 10–20 mm Hg. To prevent the adverse effect of a sharp change in the atmospheric pressure on people working in deep open pits, it is required to provide for appropriate measures of a different nature: technological (provide for changes in the characteristics of the open pit roads to ensure smoother descents and ascents of the dump trucks); technical (use of the conveyor and combined transport); organizational (including changes in the work and rest regimes of the working employees); regulatory (amendments to the relevant safety rules and other normative documents). To apply the results obtained in the open pit mining, it is necessary to conduct appropriate research in the operating deep open pits.

scholarly journals Current state of peatland soils as an effect of long-term drainage – preliminary results of peatland ecosystems investigation in the Grójecka Valley (central Poland)

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Glina ◽  
Piotr Gajewski ◽  
Zbigniew Kaczmarek ◽  
Wojciech Owczarzak ◽  
Paweł Rybczyński
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
Current State ◽  
Mineral Soils

AbstractUnderstanding the effect of long-term drainage of peatland areas is helpful in future peatland management and regulations of water conditions. The aim of this work was to assess the current state of fen peatland soils in the Grójecka Valley (eastern part of the Wielkopolskie voivodeship, central Poland), affected by long-term agricultural use (pastures, meadows) since the 1960s and potentially by lignite open pit mining industry (KWB Konin) since 1980s. Field studies were carried out in 2015 in selected fen peatland areas. Soil material for laboratory analysis was collected from genetic horizons from four soil profiles. The surface horizons of studied organic and organo-mineral soils were built with well-developed moorsh material. They were classified as medium moorshiefied – MtII (profile 1, 3 and 4) and strongly moorshiefied – MtIII (profile 2). Obtained results of physical and physico-chemical analysis indicate that long-term peatland utilization connected with potential impact of the lignite mining, transformed mainly the upper horizons of studied organic and organo-mineral soils. However, despite obvious strong human impact on peatlands ecosystems, we cannot exclude the climate variables, what should be confirmed by long-term monitoring program. Furthermore, presented paper indicated that new subtype moorsh-muddy soils (in Polish: gleby murszowo-mułowe) within the type of gleyic soils should be implemented in the next version of Polish Soil Classification.

Recommendations for Long-Term Operation of High-Performance Submersible Motor Pumps in Mine Dewatering

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Beck ◽  
Sebastian Wulff ◽  
Paul Uwe Thamsen ◽  
Morris Reich ◽  
Jean Pierre Worringer
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Deep Wells ◽  
Submersible Motor

Abstract Modern submersible pumps are high performance aggregates for long-term operation, which find application in open-pit mining. Dewatering of groundwater to run an open-pit mine with various conditions for submersible pumps often leads to short-term performance based on different circumstances in the well as well as in the general operation. These result in high maintenance and energy costs and decreases the drawdown in open-pit mining. To ensure a long-time performance, a proper selection of submersible pump and motor is required. It is also necessary to consider the geometry of different deep wells in order to take into account the initial conditions of the pumps. This paper shows recommendations for long-term operation of high-performance submersible pumps due to the conditions of the mining industry. Therefore, a holistic consideration of the aggregate takes place to receive recommendations, which minimize the rate of pump failures and increase the efficiency of the dewatering process. These recommendations are based on various failures found during an investigation. Furthermore, this paper recommends different methods to prevent these failures, for instance clogging and erosion through particles in the well. These recommendations are linked to the research of different submersible motor pumps from various manufacturers in different wells in German open-pit mines with short-term operation caused by several circumstances.

Problems of Noise Hazards in Long-Term Operated Basic Machinery for Open-Pit Mining

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-114
Author(s):  
Piotr M. Sokolski ◽  
Marek Sokolski
Keyword(s):  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining

scholarly journals THE LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF A TOKEN ECONOMY ON SAFETY PERFORMANCE IN OPEN-PIT MINING

1987 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Fox ◽  
B. L. Hopkins ◽  
W. Kent Anger
Keyword(s):  
Token Economy ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Long Term Effects

Maximal stiffness of elastically damping device in traction of draglines

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
I. N. Klementieva ◽  
D. A. Kuziev
Keyword(s):  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Coal Extraction ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Operating Cycle ◽  
Efficient Reduction ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Moment

One of the critical objectives set by the long-term program of the coal industry development up to 2030, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation is coal extraction by the most effective open pit mining method using draglines. Traction of draglines is composed of a drive winch and rope transmissions. Digging (excavation) duration makes up to 30% of the total operating cycle of a dragline. During digging, the traction, drive, gears and rope transmissions of a dragline are exposed to considerable dynamic loads. Deloading of the dragline traction is achievable through the use of an elastically damping device inserted in the rope transmission. With longer duration of the bucket performance, the force in the drag cables grows consequent on the increase in the digging resistance, tangential weight of the filled bucket and in the bucket–rock friction force as a result of the growing mass connected to the drag cables. At the same time, stiffness of the drag cables increases as their length gets shorter. Put it otherwise, the natural frequency in the drag cables–bucket system is a variable value and varies from the moment of the bucket breakaway up to the moment of digging termination. It is shown analytically that the efficient reduction in dynamic loading requires that the natural frequency of the elastic damper mounted in the rope transmission of a dragline is lower than the natural frequency in the rope cables–bucket system at the end of digging.

Optimal production scale of open pit mining operations with uncertain metal supply and long-term stockpiles

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Waqar Ali Asad ◽  
Roussos Dimitrakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Optimal Production

Heavy metal contamination from open-pit coal mining in Europe's Black Triangle and possible remediation

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Tichý ◽  
V. Mejstřík
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Metal Mobility ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mining ◽  
Black Triangle ◽  
Short And Long Term

An area heavily impacted by open-pit coal mining was used to demonstrate risks associated with the presence of toxic metals. The area is located in northern Bohemia, Czech Republic, and is currently categorized as among the most deteriorated landscapes on earth. Open-pit mining and the subsequent landscape restoration may present certain risks of contamination with metals, both in the short and long term. A rather uncertain parameter in this is the behaviour of metals deposited in the mining spoil over the long term. A second important factor is that of reduction in the intensity of agricultural production in the region, which leads to remobilization of metals from the soils. The role of wetlands and their management in the landscape is indispensable in controlling metal mobility and distribution. In setting up priorities for remediation, pollution from point sources should be sharply distinguished from the diffused sources. This review includes a description of the intensive remediation techniques suitable for point sources, as well as the extensive techniques applicable to diffused pollution.Key words: heavy metals, open-pit mining, spoil banks, wetlands, risks.

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