scholarly journals Improvement in pH and Total Iron Concentration of Acid Mine Drainage after Backfilling: A Case Study of an Underground Abandoned Mine in Japan

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1297
Author(s):  
Kohei Yamaguchi ◽  
Shingo Tomiyama ◽  
Toshifumi Igarashi ◽  
Saburo Yamagata ◽  
Masanori Ebato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Geochemical Model ◽  
Acid Mine

If the excavated underground veins are not backfilled, they may be a factor in the continued outflow of acid mine drainage (AMD). The flow rate of AMD can be reduced by backfilling underground drifts from abandoned mines. In addition, the quality of AMD may be improved as the flow rate of AMD reduces. In this paper, the quality of the AMD after backfilling was evaluated by a three-dimensional geochemical analysis model when the groundwater level was recovered after backfilling. The measured dissolved iron (Fe) and sulfate ion (SO42−) concentrations and pH before backfilling the drift were reproduced by the calibration of the simulation. Using the calibrated model, the pH at the outlet of the drift was changed from about pH 3 before backfilling to about pH 4 to 5 after backfilling. When calcite was contained in the filling materials of the drift, the pH approached neutral. However, when gypsum was formed, the neutralization was inhibited. The Fe concentration discharged from the drift was calculated at approximately 0.002 mol/L before backfilling. The total Fe concentration was calculated at 0.0004 mol/L or less after backfilling, and the dissolved Fe concentration decreased by several orders of magnitude after backfilling. A geochemical model quantitatively evaluated the improvement in water quality after backfilling the drifts. This method can be applied to the other abandoned mines with similar hydrogeological conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of Backfilling Excavated Underground Space on Reducing Acid Mine Drainage in an Abandoned Mine

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Kohei Yamaguchi ◽  
Shingo Tomiyama ◽  
Toshifumi Igarashi ◽  
Saburo Yamagata ◽  
Masanori Ebato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Abandoned Mine ◽  
Underground Space ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Acid Mine

Three-dimensional groundwater flow around an abandoned mine was simulated to evaluate the effects of backfilling the excavated underground space of the mine on reducing the acid mine drainage (AMD). The conceptual model of the groundwater flow consists of not only variable geological formations but also vertical shafts, horizontal drifts, and the other excavated underground space. The steady-state groundwater flow in both days with high and little rainfall was calculated to calibrate the model. The calculated groundwater levels and flow rate of the AMD agreed with the measured ones by calibrating the hydraulic conductivity of the host rock, which was sensitive to groundwater flow in the mine. This validated model was applied to predict the flow rate of the AMD when backfilling the excavated underground space. The results showed that the flow rate of the AMD decreased by 5% to 30%. This indicates that backfilling the excavated space is one of the effective methods to reduce AMD of abandoned mines.

scholarly journals The Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage Using Vertically Flowing Wetland: Insights into the Fate of Chemical Species

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
Nguegang Beauclair ◽  
Vhahangwele Masindi ◽  
Titus Alfred Makudali Msagati ◽  
Tekere Memory
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Vetiveria Zizanioides ◽  
Redox Equilibrium ◽  
Geochemical Model ◽  
C Language ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Eds Analysis

In this study, the treatment of acid mine drainage (AMD) using vertically flowing wetland was explored. The wetland was enriched with Vetiveria zizanioides as a decontaminating media and soil as the substrate. Water was percolated through the substrate and the throughput samples were collected and characterized every five days for a period of 30 days. The obtained results revealed a tolerant index of 1.03 for Vetiveria zizanioides, and a net reduction of metals and sulfate. The removal efficacy of chemical species was observed to obey the following order: Fe (71.25%) > Zn (70.40%) > Mn (62%) > Al (56.68%)> SO42− (55.18%) > Ni (35%) > Cu (18.83%). The removal of chemical species was further aided by the used substrate, and this could be attributed to the accumulation of chemical species on the soil through precipitation, adsorption, and phyto-retention. As such, it could be deduced that the substrate plays a significant role in the removal of metals, while the grass and external factors accounted for the rest of the chemical species attenuation. The translocation assessment revealed that the distribution of chemical species was observed to be predominant in the roots, except manganese, which was transferred in the shoot (67%). The XRF, XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDS analysis revealed the presence of AMD chemical species in the substrate and the grass components, hence confirming that the plants are playing a huge role in the removal of contaminants from AMD. The PH REdox EQuilibrium (in C language) (PHREEQC) geochemical model confirm that metals existed as di-and-trivalent complexes in AMD. Lastly, available metals were precipitated as metals hydroxides and oxy-hydrosulfates by the substrate. In light of the obtained results, vertically flowing wetland could be used for the passive treatment of AMD, and it will play a huge role in active and abandoned mines. However, prolonged assessment should be undertaken to understand its performance over a notable period of time.

Effects of Hydraulic Retention Time, COD/SO42− Ratio, Influent Iron Concentration, and Sulfate Kinetics on Treatment of a Synthetic Acid Mine Drainage

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-858
Author(s):  
Marina Isabel Vianna de Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
Juliana Kawanishi Braga ◽  
Renata Piacentini Rodriguez ◽  
Giselle Patricia Sancinetti
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Synthetic Acid

Regeneration of barium carbonate from barium sulphide in a pilot-scale bubbling column reactor and utilization for acid mine drainage

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mulopo ◽  
J. N. Zvimba ◽  
H. Swanepoel ◽  
L. T. Bologo ◽  
J. Maree
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Barium Carbonate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Carbonation Reaction ◽  
Column Reactor ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Sulphate Removal ◽  
Co2 Flow

Batch regeneration of barium carbonate (BaCO3) from barium sulphide (BaS) slurries by passing CO2 gas into a pilot-scale bubbling column reactor under ambient conditions was used to assess the technical feasibility of BaCO3 recovery in the Alkali Barium Calcium (ABC) desalination process and its use for sulphate removal from high sulphate Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). The effect of key process parameters, such as BaS slurry concentration and CO2 flow rate on the carbonation, as well as the extent of sulphate removal from AMD using the recovered BaCO3 were investigated. It was observed that the carbonation reaction rate for BaCO3 regeneration in a bubbling column reactor significantly increased with increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) flow rate whereas the BaS slurry content within the range 5–10% slurry content did not significantly affect the carbonation rate. The CO2 flow rate also had an impact on the BaCO3 morphology. The BaCO3 recovered from the pilot-scale bubbling column reactor demonstrated effective sulphate removal ability during AMD treatment compared with commercial BaCO3.

Biological treatment of heavy metals in acid mine drainage using sulfate reducing bioreactors

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sierra-Alvarez ◽  
S. Karri ◽  
S. Freeman ◽  
J.A. Field
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Abandoned Mines ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Acid Mine

The uncontrolled release of acid mine drainage (AMD) from abandoned mines and tailing piles threatens water resources in many sites worldwide. AMD introduces elevated concentrations of sulfate ions and dissolved heavy metals as well as high acidity levels to groundwater and receiving surface water. Anaerobic biological processes relying on the activity of sulfate reducing bacteria are being considered for the treatment of AMD and other heavy metal containing effluents. Biogenic sulfides form insoluble complexes with heavy metals resulting in their precipitation. The objective of this study was to investigate the remediation of AMD in sulfate reducing bioreactors inoculated with anaerobic granular sludge and fed with an influent containing ethanol. Biological treatment of an acidic (pH 4.0) synthetic AMD containing high concentrations of heavy metals (100 mg Cu2+l−1; 10 mg Ni2+l−1, 10 mg Zn2+l−1) increased the effluent pH level to 7.0–7.2 and resulted in metal removal efficiencies exceeding 99.2%. The highest metal precipitation rates attained for Cu, Ni and Zn averaged 92.5, 14.6 and 15.8 mg metal l−1 of reactor d−1. The results of this work demonstrate that an ethanol-fed sulfidogenic reactor was highly effective to remove heavy metal contamination and neutralized the acidity of the synthetic wastewater.

Long term remediation of highly polluted acid mine drainage: A sustainable approach to restore the environmental quality of the Odiel river basin

2011 ◽  
Vol 159 (12) ◽  
pp. 3613-3619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel A. Caraballo ◽  
Francisco Macías ◽  
Tobias S. Rötting ◽  
José Miguel Nieto ◽  
Carlos Ayora
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Odiel River ◽  
Acid Mine

scholarly journals TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR ASAM TAMBANG BATUBARA “Alternatif Pemilihan Teknologi”

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusa Idaman Said
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Passive Treatment ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Active Systems ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Reducing Conditions ◽  
Suitable Treatment

Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) treatment systems can be broadly categorised as either active or passive systems, which differ according to their ability to handle Acidity, flow rate and Acidity Load of the influent AMD.  Most passive and active systems utilise aggregate carbonate to neutralise the pH and encourage precipitation of metals as hydroxides or sulphide minerals.  In addition, passive treatment systems often use organic matter to provide alkalinity and create reducing conditions which favour the precipitation of metal sulphides.Active treatment systems can be engineered to accommodate essentially any acidity, flow rate and acidity load. Active treatment of AMD can be achieved using fixed plants or portable equipment for in-situ treatment. Passive treatment systems are almost invariably used for post closure treatment scenarios, and are best suited to AMD with low Acidity and low flow rates. The key factors in selection and design of active and passive AMD treatment systems are water chemistry including pH, metals, sulphate levels and redox state and flow rate of influent AMD, and the objectives of AMD treatment. Other important factors include capital and operating costs, availability of suitable treatment reagents or materials and sludge management issues. Keywords: Acid Mine Drainage, Active Treatment, Passive Treatment, Coal Mining.

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