scholarly journals The Melatonin Signaling Pathway in a Long-Term Memory In Vitro Study

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Young Sung ◽  
Ji-Hyun Bae ◽  
Jong-Ha Lee ◽  
Yoon-Nyun Kim ◽  
Dae-Kwang Kim
2004 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nino Asatiani ◽  
Nelly Sapojnikova ◽  
Marina Abuladze ◽  
Tamar Kartvelishvili ◽  
Nina Kulikova ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Korkut ◽  
H. S. Cotert ◽  
H. Kurtulmus

Clinical Relevance Fitting accuracy and microleakage dominate prognostic covariates for the long-term durability of crown restorations. The fitting accuracy and microleakage potential of zirconia infrastructures might be influenced by manufacturing technology.


2022 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 100176
Author(s):  
Richard Bright ◽  
Daniel Fernandes ◽  
Jonathan Wood ◽  
Dennis Palms ◽  
Anouck Burzava ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 3123-3137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin C. Chen ◽  
Richard J. Stanton ◽  
Jareer J. Banat ◽  
Mark R. Wills

ABSTRACTImmune responses of natural killer (NK) cell are controlled by the balance between activating and inhibitory receptors, but the expression of these receptors varies between cells within an individual. Although NK cells are a component of the innate immune system, particular NK cell subsets expressing Ly49H are positively selected and increase in frequency in response to cytomegalovirus infection in mice. Recent evidence suggests that in humans certain NK subsets also have an increased frequency in the blood of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-infected individuals. However, whether these subsets differ in their capacity of direct control of HCMV-infected cells remains unclear. In this study, we developed a novelin vitroassay to assess whether human NK cell subsets have differential abilities to inhibit HCMV growth and dissemination. NK cells expressing or lacking NKG2C did not display any differences in controlling viral dissemination. However, whenin vitro-expanded NK cells were used, cells expressing or lacking the inhibitory receptor leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor 1 (LIR1) were differentially able to control dissemination. Surprisingly, the ability of LIR1+NK cells to control virus spread differed between HCMV viral strains, and this phenomenon was dependent on amino acid sequences within the viral ligand UL18. Together, the results here outline anin vitrotechnique to compare the long-term immune responses of different human NK cell subsets and suggest, for the first time, that phenotypically defined human NK cell subsets may differentially recognize HCMV infections.IMPORTANCEHCMV infection is ubiquitous in most populations; it is not cleared by the host after primary infection but persists for life. The innate and adaptive immune systems control the spread of virus, for which natural killer (NK) cells play a pivotal role. NK cells can respond to HCMV infection by rapid, short-term, nonspecific innate responses, but evidence from murine studies suggested that NK cells may display long-term, memory-like responses to murine cytomegalovirus infection. In this study, we developed a new assay that examines human NK cell subsets that have been suggested to play a long-term memory-like response to HCMV infection. We show that changes in an HCMV viral protein that interacts with an NK cell receptor can change the ability of NK cell subsets to control HCMV while the acquisition of another receptor has no effect on virus control.


2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao IRIE ◽  
Rosalina TJANDRAWINATA ◽  
Lihua E ◽  
Takashi YAMASHIRO ◽  
Kazuomi SUZUKI

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 228-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Henrique Scarabello Stape ◽  
Murilo de Sousa Menezes ◽  
Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Quagliatto ◽  
Carlos José Soares ◽  
...  

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (24) ◽  
pp. 38602-38617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Xun Liu ◽  
Guo-Dong Wang ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Yong-Le Zhang ◽  
Tian-Lun Zhang

Author(s):  
О.А. Соловьева ◽  
М.А. Грудень ◽  
И.А. Калинин ◽  
А.М. Ратмиров ◽  
В.В. Шерстнев

Одним из важнейших патогенетических звеньев развития синуклеинопатий - группы хронических нейродегенеративных заболеваний, таких как болезнь Паркинсона, деменции с тельцами Леви и других является гиперпродукция белка α-синуклеина с последующей его агрегацией и образованием различающихся по размеру и структуре амилоидогенных форм белка, которые инициируют гибель нервных или глиальных клеток. В настоящее время для более полного понимания происходящих in vivo патологических процессов актуально изучение на моделях животных поведенческих эффектов как нативного белка α-синуклеина, так и его отдельных амилоидогенных структур (олигомеров и фибрилл), полученных и охарактеризованных in vitro, а также композиционных смесей данных белковых конформаций. Целью данной работы явилось изучение влияния композиционной смеси нативного белка α-синуклеина и олигомеров α-синуклеина при хроническом интраназальном введении на двигательную активность, кратковременную и долговременную память, а также тревожность стареющих мышей. Методы. Опыты проводили на 12- месячных самцах мышей C57Bl/6, которым на протяжении 14 дней один раз в сутки вводили отдельно в каждую ноздрю раствор α-синуклеина и его олигомеров, либо физиологический раствор. В тестах «Открытое поле», «Распознавание нового объекта», «Условная реакция пассивного избегания» и «Приподнятый крестообразный лабиринт» оценивали двигательную активность, кратко- и долговременную память, и тревожность животных. Результаты. Показано, что исследованная композиционная смесь конформаций α-синуклеина не вызывает статистически значимых изменений регистрируемых поведенческих показателей у стареющих мышей. Вместе с тем, ранее нами было документировано, что в условиях аналогичного экспериментального протокола нативный α-синуклеин инициирует снижение двигательной активности, а олигомеры α-синуклеина - угнетение двигательной активности, нарушение долговременной памяти и тревожности животных. Заключение. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о менее выраженных поведенческих эффектах композиционной смеси нативной и олигомерной форм α-синуклеина, по сравнению с отдельными ее компонентами. Рассматриваются возможные механизмы выявленных особенностей влияния исследованной композиционной смеси конформаций α-синуклеина на поведенческом уровне. One of the most important steps in the pathogenesis of synucleinopathies, a group of chronic neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and others, is overproduction of α-synuclein protein, followed by its aggregation and formation of amyloidogenic protein species, which differ in their size and structure and initiate death of nerve or glial cells. At present, better understanding of in vivo pathological processes requires studying behavioral effects of both the native α-synuclein protein and its individual amyloidogenic structures (oligomers and fibrils) obtained and characterized in vitro on animal models, as well as composite mixtures of these protein conformations. The aim of this work was to study effects of chronic nasal application of a composite mixture of native α-synuclein protein and α-synuclein oligomers on motor activity, short-term and long-term memory, and anxiety of aging mice. Methods. Experiments were carried out on 12-month old male C57Bl/6 mice, which received a solution of α-synuclein and its oligomers or a saline solution separately into each nostril for 14 days daily. Motor activity, short- and long-term memory and anxiety of animals were evaluated in Open Field, Novel Object Recognition, Conditioned Passive Avoidance, and Elevated Plus Maze tests. Results. The studied composite mixture of α-synuclein conformations did not induce statistically significant changes in behavioral indices of aging mice. At the same time, we have previously documented that in a similar experimental protocol, native α-synuclein initiates a decrease in motor activity, and α-synuclein oligomers - inhibition of motor activity and disorders of long-term memory and anxiety. Conclusion. The results indicated less pronounced behavioral effects of the composite mixture of native and oligomeric forms of α-synuclein compared with its individual components. The authors discussed possible mechanisms of the behavioral effects of the studied composite mixture of α-synuclein confirmations.


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