scholarly journals The Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Jatropha pelargoniifolia Root Native to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan Aati ◽  
Ali El-Gamal ◽  
Oliver Kayser ◽  
Atallah Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Induced Hyperthermia ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Extensive phytochemical analysis of different root fractions of Jatropha pelargoniifolia Courb. (Euphorbiaceae) has resulted in the isolation and identification of 22 secondary metabolites. 6-hydroxy-8-methoxycoumarin-7-O-β-d-glycopyranoside (15) and 2-hydroxymethyl N-methyltryptamine (18) were isolated and identified as new compounds along with the known diterpenoid (1, 3, 4, and 7), triterpenoid (2 and 6), flavonoid (5, 11, 13, 14, and 16), coumarinolignan (8–10), coumarin (15), pyrimidine (12), indole (17, 18), and tyramine-derived molecules (19–22). The anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities were evaluated for fifteen of the adequately available isolated compounds (1–6, 8–11, 13, 14, 16, 21, and 22). Seven (4, 6, 10, 5, 13, 16, and 22) of the tested compounds showed a significant analgesic effect ranging from 40% to 80% at 10 mg/kg in two in vivo models. Compound 1 could also prove its analgesic property (67.21%) when it was evaluated on a third in vivo model at the same dose. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was also recorded where all compounds showed the ability to scavenge nitric oxide (NO) radical in a dose-dependent manner. However, eight compounds (1, 4, 5, 6, 10, 13, 16, and 22) out of the fifteen tested compounds exhibited considerable in vivo anti-inflammatory activity which reached 64.91% for compound 10 at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Moreover, the tested compounds exhibited an antipyretic effect in a yeast-induced hyperthermia in mice. The activity was found to be highly pronounced with compounds 1, 5, 6, 10, 13, and 16 which decreased the rectal temperature to about 37 °C after 2 h of the induced hyperthermia (~39 °C) at a dose of 10 mg/kg. This study could provide scientific evidence for the traditional use of J. pelargoniifolia as an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic.

In vivo Anti-inflammatory Activities of Marrubium vulgare L. and Marrubium deserti de Noé Species Growing in Algeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bousselsela ◽  
N. Ghedadba ◽  
L. Hambaba ◽  
M. Hachemi ◽  
S. Dassamiour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Marrubium Vulgare ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Marrubium Deserti

Marrubium vulgare L. and Marrubium deserti de Noé have been widely used by the local population for wound healing and disinfection. The arial parts of both species were reported to relieve pain and inflammation. However, insufficient data in the literature supports the traditional use of these species. For this, the present study investigated the in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of methanolic extracts prepared from Marrubium vulgare L. and Marrubium deserti leaves in order to confirm their traditional use. The total phenolic and flavonoids content were also measured by Folin– Ciocalteu’s and aluminium chloride methods, respectively. And the anti-inflammatory activity was tested using several in vivo models including: xylene ear edema test, paw edema induced by carrageenan assay and anti-pleuritic test. The results showed that methanol extracts prepared from both species contain many secondary metabolites known for their interesting biological activities. Crude extracts had high levels of polyphenols (195 ± 0.06 mg GAE/g extract; 184 ± 0.78 mg GAE/mg of extract) and flavonoids (93.12 ± 0.17 mg QE/g extract; 28.48 ± 0.40 μg QE/mg of extract) for Marrubium vulgare and Marrubium deserti, respectively. The assessment of anti-inflammatory activity showed that the oral administration of MeOHE at a dose of 200 mg/kg to rats treated with carrageenan causes a significant decrease (87.3 ± 0.25%; 86.4%) of inflammation compared with standard diclofenac (positive control) which showed 85.52 ± 0.47% of protection. In the xylene ear edema test and antipleuretic assay, MeOHE showed significant antiinflammatory activity. Furthermore, it can be concluded that the species Marrubium vulgare and Marrubium deserti have potent in vivo anti-inflammatory effects and could constitute an important source of therapeutic agents. However, further biological investigations are required in order to elucidate their mechanisms of action.

scholarly journals Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Justicia secunda Vahl leaf extract using in vitro and in vivo inflammation models

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Godswill Nduka Anyasor ◽  
Azeezat Adenike Okanlawon ◽  
Babafemi Ogunbiyi
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
In Vivo Inflammation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Justicia secunda Vahl. is a medicinal plant used in ethnomedical practice as therapy to manage inflammation. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extract of J. secunda leaves (MEJSL) using in vitro and in vivo inflammation models. Methods Seventy-percent MEJSL was prepared following standard procedure. In vitro anti-inflammatory assays were performed using heat-induced bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation and erythrocyte membrane stabilization assays. Carrageenan and formaldehyde induced inflammation in rat models were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of MEJSL in vivo. Diclofenac sodium was used as a reference drug. In addition, liver and kidney function assays and hematological analysis were carried out. Results Data revealed that varying concentrations of MEJSL significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited heat-induced BSA denaturation and stabilized erythrocyte membrane against hypotonicity-induced hemolysis when compared with diclofenac sodium in a concentration-dependent manner. In vivo study showed that 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) diclofenac sodium, 100 and 300 mg/kg b.w. MEJSL suppressed carrageenan-induced paw edema at the sixth hour by 71.14%, 83.08%, and 89.05%, respectively. Furthermore, 10 mg/kg b.w. diclofenac sodium, 100 and 300 mg/kg b.w. MEJSL inhibited formaldehyde-induced paw edema by 72.53%, 74.73%, and 76.48%, respectively. Animals treated with varying doses of MEJSL had reduced plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activities; urea and creatinine concentrations; and modulated hematological parameters when compared with the untreated control group. Conclusions Findings from this study showed that MEJSL exhibited substantial anti-inflammatory actions in the in vitro and in vivo models. It also indicated that MEJSL anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action could be through interference with phase 2 inflammatory stressors, upregulation of cytoprotective genes, stabilization of inflammatory cell membranes and immunomodulatory activity.

An in vivo model of anti-inflammatory activity of subdural dexamethasone following the spinal cord injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek M. Kwiecien ◽  
Bozena Jarosz ◽  
Wendy Oakden ◽  
Michal Klapec ◽  
Greg J. Stanisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Active Compounds of Sanguisorbae Radix In Macrophages and in Vivo Toxicity Evaluation in Zebrafish

Cosmetics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Young-Ah Jang ◽  
Yong Hur ◽  
Jin-Tae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
In Vivo Toxicity ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Sanguisorbae Radix

Sanguisorbae Radix (SR) is the root of the Sanguisorba officinalis L., a plant native to Asian countries and used in traditional medicine. We isolated the active components of SR and investigated their anti-inflammatory potential. Quercetin (QC), (+)-catechin (CC), and gallic acid (GA) were isolated from acetone extracts of SR. To elucidate the molecular mechanism by which these compounds suppress inflammation, we analyzed the transcriptional up-regulation of inflammatory mediators, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and its target genes, inducible NOS (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Notably, QC, CC, and GA were found to inhibit the production of nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and prostaglandin in a dose-dependent manner. Western blot results indicate that the compounds decreased the expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins. Furthermore, the compounds decreased phosphorylation of IKK, IκB, ERK, p-38, and JNK proteins in LPS-induced cells. The results support the notion that QC, CC, and GA can potently inhibit the inflammatory response, with QC showing the highest anti-inflammatory activity. In in vivo toxicity studies in zebrafish (Danio rerio), QC showed no toxicity up to 25 μg/mL. Therefore, QC has non-toxic potential as a skin anti-inflammatory biomaterial.

scholarly journals In vitro and In vivo Models for Anti-inflammation: An Evaluative Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Ifeanyi Eze ◽  
Philip F. Uzor ◽  
Peter Ikechukwu ◽  
Bonaventure C. Obi ◽  
Patience O. Osadebe
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Mediators Of Inflammation ◽  
In Vivo Animal Models ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Anti-inflammatory activity study involves developing a model that mimics, or provokes the production or release of, the biochemical mediators of inflammation, and monitoring the response of these biochemicals to the test drugs. This report constitutes an updated review of the in vitro and in vivo study models for assessing anti-inflammatory activity in plant extracts and synthetic drugs. The materials, instrumentation, and methods involved, as well as the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity tested in each model, are extensively described. The merits and limitations of each method have also been discussed. A comparative assessment of the in vivo animal models vis-à-vis, the in vitro enzyme models have been made to assist scientists and researchers in the choice of assay method in terms of sensitivity, reliability, duration of test, ethical, and cost considerations.

scholarly journals Stauntonia hexaphylla leaf extract (YRA-1909) suppresses inflammation by modulating Akt/NF-κB signaling in lipopolysaccharide-activated peritoneal macrophages and rodent models of inflammation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeyong Kim ◽  
Gyuok Lee ◽  
Huwon Kang ◽  
Ji-Seok Yoo ◽  
Yongnam Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Inflammatory Stimuli ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Inflammation is emerging as a key contributor to many vascular diseases and furthermore plays a major role in autoimmune diseases, arthritis, allergic reactions, and cancer. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a component constituting the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is commonly used for an inflammatory stimuli to mimic inflammatory diseases. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a transcription factor and regulates gene expression particularly related to the inflammatory process. Stauntonia hexaphylla (Lardizabalaceae) is widely used as a traditional herbal medicine for rheumatism and osteoporosis and as an analgesic, sedative, and diuretic in Korea, Japan, and China. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of YRA-1909, the leaf aqueous extract of Stauntonia hexaphylla using LPS-activated rat peritoneal macrophages and rodent inflammation models. Results: YRA-1909 inhibited the LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokine production in rat peritoneal macrophages without causing cytotoxicity and reduced inducible NO synthase and prostaglandin E2 levels without affecting the cyclooxygenase-2 expression. YRA-1909 also prevented the LPS-stimulated Akt and NF-κB phosphorylation and reduced the carrageenan-induced hind paw edema, xylene-induced ear edema, acetic acid-induced vascular permeation, and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in a dose-dependent manner in mice and rats. Conclusions: S. hexaphylla leaf extract YRA-1909 had anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo that involves modulation of Akt/NF-κB signaling. Thus, YRA-1909 is safe and effective for the treatment of inflammation.

scholarly journals The Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Sodium Propionate

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 3026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Filippone ◽  
Marika Lanza ◽  
Michela Campolo ◽  
Giovanna Casili ◽  
Irene Paterniti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sodium Propionate ◽  
Intraplantar Injection ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The major end-products of dietary fiber fermentation by gut microbiota are the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate, propionate, and butyrate, which have been shown to modulate host metabolism via effects on metabolic pathways at different tissue sites. Several studies showed the inhibitory effects of sodium propionate (SP) on nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway. We carried out an in vitro model of inflammation on the J774-A1 cell line, by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and H2O2, followed by the pre-treatment with SP at 0.1, 1 mM and 10 mM. To evaluate the effect on acute inflammation and superoxide anion-induced pain, we performed a model of carrageenan (CAR)-induced rat paw inflammation and intraplantar injection of KO2 where rats received SP orally (10, 30, and 100 mg/kg). SP decreased in concentration-dependent-manner the expression of cicloxigenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) following LPS stimulation. SP was able to enhance anti-oxidant enzyme production such as manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) following H2O2 stimulation. In in vivo models, SP (30 and 100 mg/kg) reduced paw inflammation and tissue damage after CAR and KO2 injection. Our results demonstrated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of SP; therefore, we propose that SP may be an effective strategy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

In vivo Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Ursolic Acid and Oleanoic Acid from Miconia albicans (Melastomataceae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 477-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Anita L. Vasconcelos ◽  
Vanessa A. Royo ◽  
Daniele S. Ferreira ◽  
Antonio E. Miller Crotti ◽  
Márcio L. Andrade e Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Isomeric Mixture ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The aim of this work was to use in vivo models to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ursolic acid (UA) and oleanoic acid (OA), the major compounds isolated as an isomeric mixture from the crude methylene chloride extract of Miconia albicans aerial parts, in an attempt to clarify if these compounds are responsible for the analgesic properties displayed by this plant. Ursolic acid inhibited abdominal constriction in a dose-dependent manner, and the result obtained at a content of 40 mg kg-1 was similar to that produced by administration of acetylsalicylic acid at a content of 100 mg kg-1. Both acids reduced the number of paw licks in the second phase of the formalin test, and both of them displayed a significant anti-inflammatory effect at a content of 40 mg kg-1. It is noteworthy that the administration of the isolated mixture, containing 65% ursolic acid/35% oleanolic acid, did not display significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. On the basis of the obtained results, considering that the mixture of UA and OA was poorly active, it is suggested that other compounds, rather than UA and OA, should be responsible for the evaluated activities in the crude extract, since the crude extract samples displayed good activities.

scholarly journals Preliminary screening of Waltheria indica (L.) plant for its anti-inflammatory activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amol Chandekar ◽  
Amber Vyas ◽  
Neeraj Upamanyu ◽  
Atul Tripathi ◽  
Surendra Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation

<p dir="ltr"><span>The investigation on anti-inflammatory activity of the various extract of </span><span>Waltheria indica </span><span>L. </span><span>was reported to find out the pharmacological basis for its ethnomedical use. </span><span>The anti-inflammatory activity of the pet ether (PEW) and methanol (MEW) extracts of the leaves of </span><span>Waltheria indica </span><span>L. (</span><span>Malvaceae</span><span>)</span><span>were evaluated by using in vivo (Carrageenan &amp; histamine induced rat paw edema, cotton pellet granuloma test) models. It was observed that, all the extracts showed significant activity in the in-vivo model at the dose of 500 mg/kg b.w. orally, when compared with control and standard drugs. Of the two extracts tested, methanol extract MEW showed most significant activity well in comparison to the standard drug.  Therefore, present study suggests, potential of leaves of </span><span>Waltheria indica </span><span>L. in both models of acute and chronic inflammation.</span></p><p dir="ltr"> </p>

scholarly journals Soft Coral Dendronephthya puetteri Extract Ameliorates Inflammations by Suppressing Inflammatory Mediators and Oxidative Stress in LPS-Stimulated Zebrafish

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-A Kim ◽  
Yuling Ding ◽  
Hye-Won Yang ◽  
Soo-Jin Heo ◽  
Seung-Hong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Inflammatory Agent ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Marine-derived extract and/or bioactive compounds have attracted increasing demand due to their unique and potential uses as cures for various inflammation-based diseases. Several studies revealed anti-inflammatory candidates found in soft corals. However, the effects of soft corals on inflammation in an in vivo model remain to be determined. Therefore, the extract of soft coral Dendronephthya puetteri (DPE) was investigated for an in vivo anti-inflammatory effect in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated zebrafish model to determine its potential use as a natural anti-inflammatory agent. We also investigated whether DPE has toxic effects in a zebrafish model. No significant changes were observed in terms of survival, heart beat rate, or developmental abnormalities in the zebrafish embryos exposed to a concentration below 100 µg/mL of DPE. Treating the zebrafish model with LPS-treatment significantly increased the ROS, NO generation, and cell death. However, DPE inhibited this LPS-stimulated ROS, NO generation, and cell death in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, DPE significantly reduced the mRNA expression of both iNOS and COX-2 and markedly suppressed the expression levels of the proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-6, in an LPS-stimulated zebrafish model. These findings demonstrate that DPE has profound anti-inflammatory effect in vivo, suggesting that DPE might be a strong natural anti-inflammatory agent.

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