scholarly journals Evidence for the Formation of Difluoroacetic Acid in Chlorofluorocarbon-Contaminated Ground Water

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Dorgerloh ◽  
Roland Becker ◽  
Melanie Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Microbial Transformation ◽  
Environmental Media ◽  
Difluoroacetic Acid

The concentrations of difluoroacetic acid (DFA) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in rainwater and surface water from Berlin, Germany resembled those reported for similar urban areas, and the TFA/DFA ratio in rainwater of 10:1 was in accordance with the literature. In contrast, nearby ground water historically contaminated with 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (R113) displayed a TFA/DFA ratio of 1:3. This observation is discussed versus the inventory of microbial degradation products present in this ground water along with the parent R113 itself. A microbial transformation of chlorotrifluoroethylene (R1113) to DFA so far has not been reported for environmental media, and is suggested based on well-established mammalian metabolic pathways.

scholarly journals Change and cause analysis of water resources in Fengtai district of Beijing in recent 61a (from 1956 to 2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 02023
Author(s):  
Jing Qin ◽  
Wen-long Niu ◽  
Wei Lu ◽  
Ling-yun Zhao ◽  
Wen-lian Gao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Previous Investigation ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Optimal Dispatch ◽  
Surface Water Resources

The calculation of water resources is the fundamental basis for legitimate utilization, effective protection, optimal configuration and optimal dispatch of water resources. Affected by climate change, economic development, and population expansion, the amount of water resources in Fengtai district, one of the central urban areas of Beijing, has undergone major changes. By comparing the results of the second investigation and evaluation of water resources (1956-1998), the paper analyzes the dynamic changes and causes of surface water resources, ground water resources and total water resources in Fengtai district in recent 61a (1956-2016). The results show that the surface water resources of Fengtai district in recent 61a is 37.978 million m3, which is 2.572 million m3 less than the previous investigation; the ground water resources is 92.959 million m3, a decrease of 13.848 million m3; the total water resources is 104.981 million m3, which is 13.830 million m3 less than the previous investigation. The gradual reduction of regional atmospheric precipitation is the main cause of the decline in surface runoff and rainfall infiltration recharge. At the same time, the continuous water-cutting of Yongding River (the biggest inflow river in Fengtai) since 2000 and the anti-seepage project implemented in 2010 further reduced the infiltration of river infiltration .

PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF GROUND WATER AND SURFACE WATER IN KOTA REGION, RAJASTHAN, INDIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
NITU SINGH ◽  
FATIMA SULTANA
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Developing Nation ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Chloride Sulfate

India is a developing nation and is dependent on its natural resources for growth and development. Water, being one of the vital natural resource, must be used judicially for the sustainable development. Present study focuses on the analysis of physicochemical parameters (pH, Turbidity, Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Total dissolved solids, Conductivity, Chloride, Sulfate, Fluoride contents) of ground water and surface water in Kota City (Rajasthan). The study shows the adverse impact of exploitation and urbanization on water resources of Kota City (Rajasthan). Some physicochemical parameters exceed the desirable limits as defined by WHO and Indian Standards in the selected sites. The level of pollution in ground water and surface water of Kota City is increasing due to urbanization.

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