scholarly journals γ-Tocotrienol and α-Tocopherol Ether Acetate Enhance Docetaxel Activity in Drug-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Spencer Asay ◽  
Andrew Graham ◽  
Sydney Hollingsworth ◽  
Bradley Barnes ◽  
Richard V. Oblad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Therapeutic Resistance ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells

Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men, and metastatic prostate cancer is currently incurable. Prostate cancer frequently becomes resistant to standard of care treatments, and the administration of chemotherapeutic drugs is often accompanied by toxic side effects. Combination therapy is one tool that can be used to combat therapeutic resistance and drug toxicity. Vitamin E (VE) compounds and analogs have been proposed as potential non-toxic chemotherapeutics. Here we modeled combination therapy using mixture design response surface methodology (MDRSM), a statistical technique designed to optimize mixture compositions, to determine whether combinations of three chemotherapeutic agents: γ-tocotrienol (γ-T3), α-tocopherol ether acetate (α-TEA), and docetaxel (DOC), would prove more effective than docetaxel alone in the treatment of human prostate cancer cells. Response surfaces were generated for cell viability, and the optimal treatment combination for reducing cell viability was calculated. We found that a combination of 20 µM γ-T3, 30 µM α-TEA, and 25 nm DOC was most effective in the treatment of PC-3 cells. We also found that the combination of γ-T3 and α-TEA with DOC decreased the amount of DOC required to reduce cell viability in PC-3 cells and ameliorated therapeutic resistance in DOC-resistant PC-3 cells.

scholarly journals An Anti-PSMA Immunotoxin Reduces Mcl-1 and Bcl2A1 and Specifically Induces in Combination with the BAD-Like BH3 Mimetic ABT-737 Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1648
Author(s):  
Anie P. Masilamani ◽  
Viviane Dettmer-Monaco ◽  
Gianni Monaco ◽  
Toni Cathomen ◽  
Irina Kuckuck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Mouse Xenograft Model ◽  
Synergistic Cytotoxicity ◽  
3D Spheroids

Background: Upregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins in advanced prostate cancer leads to therapeutic resistance by prevention of cell death. New therapeutic approaches aim to target the Bcl-2 proteins for the restoration of apoptosis. Methods: The immunotoxin hD7-1(VL-VH)-PE40 specifically binds to the prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) on prostate cancer cells and inhibits protein biosynthesis. It was tested with respect to its effects on the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins. Combination with the BAD-like mimetic ABT-737 was examined on prostate cancer cells and 3D spheroids and in view of tumor growth and survival in the prostate cancer SCID mouse xenograft model. Results: The immunotoxin led to a specific inhibition of Mcl-1 and Bcl2A1 expression in PSMA expressing target cells. Its combination with ABT-737, which inhibits Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, and Bcl-w, led to an induction of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and to a synergistic cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells and 3D spheroids. Furthermore, combination therapy led to a significantly prolonged survival of mice bearing prostate cancer xenografts based on an inhibition of tumor growth. Conclusion: The combination therapy of anti-PSMA immunotoxin plus ABT-737 represents the first tumor-specific therapeutic approach on the level of Bcl-2 proteins for the induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer.

Role of 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid (20-HETE) in Androgen-Mediated Cell Viability in Prostate Cancer Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Colombero ◽  
Daniela Papademetrio ◽  
Paula Sacca ◽  
Eduardo Mormandi ◽  
Elida Alvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells

scholarly journals Cisplatin and Paclitaxel Modulated the Cell Survival Potential of Prostate Cancer Cells

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Kashani ◽  
Kilbas ◽  
Yerlikaya ◽  
Gurkan ◽  
Arisan
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cell ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs

Prostate cancer is the second common cause of death among men worldwide. In the treatment of prostate cancer, conventional chemotherapeutics are commonly used. The plant alkaloid Paclitaxel and platinum-based cisplatin are the most common chemotherapy drugs. The transcription factor p53 has a potential target in the regulation of cell response to DNA damage of prostate cancer. Although the effectiveness of these drugs on prostate cancer cell progression had been proved, the mechanistic action of these drugs on the progression of the disease is not detailed explained. In this study, we aim to examine the function of p53 overexpression in prostate cancer cell survival. Therefore, we treated wild type (wt) and p53 overexpressed PC3 (p53+) prostate cancer cells with cisplatin or paclitaxel. According to the MTT Cell Viability assay, cisplatin (12.5–25–50 µM) was found to be more effective decreasing PC3 and PC3 p53+ cell viability in a dose-dependent manner compared to paclitaxel (12.5–25–50 nM). Colony formation assay showed that treatment of cells with cisplatin or paclitaxel caused the loss of colony forming ability of PC3 and PC3 p53+ cells. In addition, the critical apoptotic markers Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 expressions were altered with cisplatin or paclitaxel treated PC3 wt and p53+ cells.

scholarly journals Molecular Decoy to the Y-Box Binding Protein-1 Suppresses the Growth of Breast and Prostate Cancer Cells whilst Sparing Normal Cell Viability

PLoS ONE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. e12661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer H. Law ◽  
Yvonne Li ◽  
Karen To ◽  
Michelle Wang ◽  
Arezoo Astanehe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Normal Cell ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast And Prostate Cancer

scholarly journals A Review of the Potential of Phytochemicals from Prunus africana (Hook f.) Kalkman Stem Bark for Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy of Prostate Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Komakech ◽  
Youngmin Kang ◽  
Jun-Hwan Lee ◽  
Francis Omujal
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells ◽  
Prunus Africana

Prostate cancer remains one of the major causes of death worldwide. In view of the limited treatment options for patients with prostate cancer, preventive and treatment approaches based on natural compounds can play an integral role in tackling this disease. Recent evidence supports the beneficial effects of plant-derived phytochemicals as chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents for various cancers, including prostate cancer. Prunus africana has been used for generations in African traditional medicine to treat prostate cancer. This review examined the potential roles of the phytochemicals from P. africana, an endangered, sub-Saharan Africa plant in the chemoprevention and chemotherapy of prostate cancer. In vitro and in vivo studies have provided strong pharmacological evidence for antiprostate cancer activities of P. africana-derived phytochemicals. Through synergistic interactions between different effective phytochemicals, P. africana extracts have been shown to exhibit very strong antiandrogenic and antiangiogenic activities and have the ability to kill tumor cells via apoptotic pathways, prevent the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, and alter the signaling pathways required for the maintenance of prostate cancer cells. However, further preclinical and clinical studies ought to be done to advance and eventually use these promising phytochemicals for the prevention and chemotherapy of human prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Combined Effects of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Chemotherapeutic Agents on Prostate Cancer Cells In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanako Kojima ◽  
Sanai Takahashi ◽  
Shungo Saito ◽  
Yoshihiro Endo ◽  
Tadashi Nittami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Fe3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Prostate Cancer Cells
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