scholarly journals Towards a High-Power Si@graphite Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries through a Wet Ball Milling Process

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Cabello ◽  
Emanuele Gucciardi ◽  
Alvaro Herrán ◽  
Daniel Carriazo ◽  
Aitor Villaverde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Graphite Anode ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Intimate Contact ◽  
X Ray

Silicon-based anodes are extensively studied as an alternative to graphite for lithium ion batteries. However, silicon particles suffer larges changes in their volume (about 280%) during cycling, which lead to particles cracking and breakage of the solid electrolyte interphase. This process induces continuous irreversible electrolyte decomposition that strongly reduces the battery life. In this research work, different silicon@graphite anodes have been prepared through a facile and scalable ball milling synthesis and have been tested in lithium batteries. The morphology and structure of the different samples have been studied using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. We show how the incorporation of an organic solvent in the synthesis procedure prevents particles agglomeration and leads to a suitable distribution of particles and intimate contact between them. Moreover, the importance of the microstructure of the obtained silicon@graphite electrodes is pointed out. The silicon@graphite anode resulted from the wet ball milling route, which presents capacity values of 850 mA h/g and excellent capacity retention at high current density (≈800 mA h/g at 5 A/g).

scholarly journals Electrochemical study on nickel aluminum layered double hydroxides as high-performance electrode material for lithium-ion batteries based on sodium alginate binder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyue Li ◽  
Marco Fortunato ◽  
Anna Maria Cardinale ◽  
Angelina Sarapulova ◽  
Christian Njel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Electrochemical Study ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Storage Mechanism

AbstractNickel aluminum layered double hydroxide (NiAl LDH) with nitrate in its interlayer is investigated as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The effect of the potential range (i.e., 0.01–3.0 V and 0.4–3.0 V vs. Li+/Li) and of the binder on the performance of the material is investigated in 1 M LiPF6 in EC/DMC vs. Li. The NiAl LDH electrode based on sodium alginate (SA) binder shows a high initial discharge specific capacity of 2586 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 and good stability in the potential range of 0.01–3.0 V vs. Li+/Li, which is better than what obtained with a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-based electrode. The NiAl LDH electrode with SA binder shows, after 400 cycles at 0.5 A g−1, a cycling retention of 42.2% with a capacity of 697 mAh g−1 and at a high current density of 1.0 A g−1 shows a retention of 27.6% with a capacity of 388 mAh g−1 over 1400 cycles. In the same conditions, the PVDF-based electrode retains only 15.6% with a capacity of 182 mAh g−1 and 8.5% with a capacity of 121 mAh g−1, respectively. Ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) reveal a conversion reaction mechanism during Li+ insertion into the NiAl LDH material. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and XPS have been combined with the electrochemical study to understand the effect of different cutoff potentials on the Li-ion storage mechanism. Graphical abstract The as-prepared NiAl-NO3−-LDH with the rhombohedral R-3 m space group is investigated as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The effect of the potential range (i.e., 0.01–3.0 V and 0.4–3.0 V vs. Li+/Li) and of the binder on the material’s performance is investigated in 1 M LiPF6 in EC/DMC vs. Li. Ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) reveal a conversion reaction mechanism during Li+ insertion into the NiAl LDH material. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and XPS have been combined with the electrochemical study to understand the effect of different cutoff potentials on the Li-ion storage mechanism. This work highlights the possibility of the direct application of NiAl LDH materials as negative electrodes for LIBs.

Nanosilicon Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Interfacial Mechanisms Studied by Hard and Soft X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Philippe ◽  
Rémi Dedryvère ◽  
Joachim Allouche ◽  
Fredrik Lindgren ◽  
Mihaela Gorgoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
X Ray

Preparation and Effect of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane-Coated LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 3460-3465
Author(s):  
Mi-Ra Shin ◽  
Seon-Jin Lee ◽  
Seong-Jae Kim ◽  
Tae-Whan Hong
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Material ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Amine Groups ◽  
Coating Layers ◽  
Discharge Capacities

Surface coating using (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) has been applied to improve the electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM523) cathode materials. The APTES coating layer on the surface of NCM523 protects the direct contact area between the cathode material and the electrolyte, and facilitates the presence of electrons through the abundance of electron-rich amine groups, thereby improving electrochemical performance. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the existence of APTES coating layers on the surface of NCM523 cathode materials, revealing three peaks—N1s, O1s, and Si1s—that were not identified in bare NCM523. In addition, the discharge capacities of the bare electrode and the APTES-coated NCM523 electrode were 121.06 mAh/g and 156.43 mAh/g, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, the use of an APTES coating on NCM523 cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries has never been reported.

Large Scale Preparation of β-AgVO3 Nanowires Using a Novel Sonochemical Route

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3203-3207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changjie Mao ◽  
Xingcai Wu ◽  
Jun-Jie Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission

A large number of β-AgVO3 nanowires with diameter of 30–60 nm, and length of 1.5–3 μm have been successfully synthesized by a simple and facile low-temperature sonochemical route. The morphologies and structures of the nanowires were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Cyclic voltammetry and charge–discharge experiments were applied to characterize the electrochemical properties of the nanowires as cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. In the initial discharge and charge process, the as-prepared β-AgVO3 nanowires showed the initial charge and discharge capacities of 69 and 102 (mAh)/g, respectively. It is anticipated that the β-AgVO3 nanostructures are promising cathode candidates in the application of primary lithium-ion batteries.

scholarly journals A High Capacity and High-Rate Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Bimetallic CoNi-MOFs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaorui Sun ◽  
Ziran Lv ◽  
Yanxiao Chai ◽  
Shuyuan Li ◽  
Yexing Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Material Design ◽  
High Rate ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Valence States

<p>Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with a high porosity and high specific surface area are widely used as anode materials in Li-ions batteries. Herein, we synthesized bimetallic CoNi-MOFs with a general solvothermal method, and the obtained CoNi-MOFs show alamellar bulk structure. The CoNi-MOFs exhibit a remarkable electrochemical performance, with a high reversible capacity up to 1120 mAh<a>g<sup>-1</sup></a> after 200 cycles performed at a current density of 500 mA g<sup>-1</sup> and an excellent rate performance, which is ascribed to the variable-valence metal ions and redox-active ligands.</p> <p>We employed a suite of measurements, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray adsorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The SEM images show that the morphology of the electrode changes as the electrode is charged and discharged during cycling.We found that the transition metals Co and Ni are in high valence states during charging. However, the XAS and XPS results suggest that Ni<sup>2+</sup> and Co<sup>2+</sup> are induced to Ni<sup>0</sup> and Co<sup>0</sup>during discharging.</p> <p> This evidence is conducive to exploring the intrinsic mechanism of Li insertion/extraction and understanding the electrochemical behaviors. We optimized the material design and performed a more in-depth study of the mechanism used to make the MOF materials better to meet the high power/energy density requirement of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs).</p>

Synthesis, Structure and Electronic Properties of Li4Ti5O12 Anode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

2018 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lkhagvajav Sarantuya ◽  
Galsan Sevjidsuren ◽  
Pagvajav Altantsog ◽  
Namsrai Tsogbadrakh
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Anode Material ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Spinel Phase ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Average Grain Size

Nanosized spinel Li4Ti5O12 was successfully synthesized by a solid state reaction method at 800°C according to the Li4Ti5O12cubic spinel phase structure. In this synthesizing process, anatase TiO2and Li2CO3were used as reactants. The average grain size of the synthesized powders was around 200 nm. The synthesized Li4Ti5O12powder was characterized X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), and Specific Surface Area Analyzer (BET, Brunner-Emmett-Teller) respectively. X-ray diffraction results show that calcination temperature and time have the important effects on the crystal structure of Li4Ti5O12powder. In this study, we used a first principle method, based on the density functional theory to explore electronic and structural properties of Li4Ti5O12, as anode material for lithium ion batteries. Differences on these properties between delithiation state Li4Ti5O12and lithiation state Li7Ti5O12are compared. All the predicted structural and electrochemical properties agree closely with the experimental findings in literature. The average intercalation voltage of 1.4V during charging/discharging were obtained. We have shown that the Li4Ti5O12material exhibits insulating behavior with the band gap of 3.16 and 3.90 eV using the GGA and GGA+U+J0calculations respectively. Li7Ti5O12becomes metallic as Li atoms inserted in Li4Ti5O12material. Spinel Li4Ti5O12has been regarded as an attractive anode material for the development of high-power lithium-ion batteries because of its unique attributes of high safety and rate capability.

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