scholarly journals Phenomenological Modeling of Formic Acid Fractionation of Sugarcane Bagasse by Integration of Operation Parameters as an Extended Combined Severity Factor

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2753
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Chang ◽  
Jingzhi Zhang ◽  
Ruchun Wu ◽  
Xuebing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Severity Factor ◽  
Logistic Equations ◽  
Inflection Points ◽  
Combined Severity Factor ◽  
Cellulose Digestibility ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Operation Parameters ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

In order to more conveniently simulate and optimize the solubilization of sugarcane bagasse components during formic acid (FA) fractionation, an extended combined severity factor (CSFext) was defined to integrate various operation parameters as a single factor. Two phenomenological models based on Arrhenius and Logistic equations were further used to describe the phenomenological kinetics. Different data-processing methods were compared to fit the severity parameters and model constants. Both Arrhenius-based and Logistic-based models show satisfying fitting results, though the values of Arrhenius-based CSFext (A-CSFext) and Logistic-based CSFext (L-CSFext) were somewhat different under the same fractionation condition. The solubilization of biomass components increased with CSFext, but two distinct stages could be observed with inflection points at A-CSFext of 42 or L-CSFext of 43, corresponding to bulk and residual solubilization stages, respectively. For the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic solids, the highest initial enzymatic glucan conversion (EGC@6h) was obtained at A-CSFext of 39–40 or A-CSFext of 40–41; however, for a long hydrolysis period (72 h), relatively high glucan conversion (EGC@72h) was observed at A-CSFext of 42–43 or A-CSFext of 43–44. Post-treatment for deformylation with a small amount of lime could help to recover the cellulose digestibility.

scholarly journals Effect of Lignin Content on Cellulolytic Saccharification of Liquid Hot Water Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela I. S. Ladeira Ázar ◽  
Sidnei Emilio Bordignon-Junior ◽  
Craig Laufer ◽  
Jordan Specht ◽  
Drew Ferrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Severity Factor ◽  
Liquid Hot Water ◽  
Cellulose Digestibility ◽  
Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse

Lignin contributes to the rigid structure of the plant cell wall and is partially responsible for the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic materials to enzymatic digestion. Overcoming this recalcitrance is one the most critical issues in a sugar-flat form process. This study addresses the effect of low lignin sugarcane bagasse on enzymatic hydrolysis after liquid hot water pretreatment at 190 °C and 20 min (severity factor: 3.95). The hydrolysis of bagasse from a sugarcane line selected for a relatively low lignin content, gave an 89.7% yield of cellulose conversion to glucose at 40 FPU/g glucan versus a 68.3% yield from a comparably treated bagasse from the high lignin bred line. A lower enzyme loading of 5 FPU/g glucan (equivalent to 3.2 FPU/g total solids) resulted in 31.4% and 21.9% conversion yields, respectively, for low and high lignin samples, suggesting the significance of lignin content in the saccharification process. Further increases in the enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose were achieved when the bagasse sample was pre-incubated with a lignin blocking agent, e.g., bovine serum albumin (50 mg BSA/g glucan) at 50 °C for 1 h prior to an actual saccharification. In this work, we have demonstrated that even relatively small differences in lignin content can result in considerably increased sugar production, which supports the dissimilarity of bagasse lignin content and its effects on cellulose digestibility. The increased glucose yields with the addition of BSA helped to decrease the inhibition of non-productive absorption of cellulose enzymes onto lignin and solid residual lignin fractions.

scholarly journals Impact of Alkaline Pretreatment Condition on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse and Pretreatment Cost

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaojun Wang ◽  
Wei Qi ◽  
Cuiyi Liang ◽  
Qiong Wang ◽  
Wen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Alkaline Pretreatment ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Severity Factor ◽  
Pretreatment Condition ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Combined Severity Factor ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Temperature Time

Abstract A combined severity factor (RCSF) which is usually used to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrothermal pretreatment at above 100 ºC had been developed to assess the influence of temperature, time and alkali loading on pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose. It is not suitable for evaluating alkaline pretreatment effectiveness at lower than 100 ºC. According to the reported deducing process, this study modified the expression of RCSF = log[CnOH- x t x e(Tr-Tb)/14.75] as RCSF = log{COH- x t x e[-13700/(Tr+273)+36.2]} which is easier and more reasonable to assess the effectiveness of alkaline pretreatment. It showed that RCSF exhibited linear trend with lignin removal, and quadratic curve relation with enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency (EHE) at the same temperature. The EHE of alkali-treated SCB could attain the maximum value at lower RCSF, which indicated that it was not necessary to continuously enhance strength of alkaline pretreatment for improving EHE. Within a certain temperature range, the alkali loading was more important than temperature and time to influence pretreatment effectiveness and EHE. Furthermore, the contribution of temperature, time and alkali loading to pretreatment cost which was seldom concerned was investigated in this work. The alkali loading contributed more than 70% to the pretreatment cost. This study laid the foundation of further optimizing alkaline pretreatment to reduce cost for its practical application.

The Effect of Xylan Removal on the High-Solid Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sugarcane Bagasse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leidy Patricia Quintero ◽  
Nathalia P. Q. de Souza ◽  
Adriane M. F. Milagres
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
High Solid ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

scholarly journals A novel recyclable furoic acid-assisted pretreatment for sugarcane bagasse biorefinery in co-production of xylooligosaccharides and glucose

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Dai ◽  
Tian Huang ◽  
Kankan Jiang ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Yong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Solid Loading ◽  
Fed Batch ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Furoic Acid ◽  
Cooling Crystallization ◽  
Mineral Acids ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract Background Pretreatment is the key step for utilizing lignocellulosic biomass, which can extract cellulose from lignin and disrupt its recalcitrant crystalline structure to allow much more effective enzymatic hydrolysis; and organic acids pretreatment with dual benefic for generating xylooligosaccharides and boosting enzymatic hydrolysis has been widely used in adding values to lignocellulose materials. In this work, furoic acid, a novel recyclable organic acid as catalyst, was employed to pretreat sugarcane bagasse to recover the xylooligosaccharides fraction from hemicellulose and boost the subsequent cellulose saccharification. Results The FA-assisted hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse using 3% furoic acid at 170 °C for 15 min resulted in the highest xylooligosaccharides yield of 45.6%; subsequently, 83.1 g/L of glucose was harvested by a fed-batch operation with a solid loading of 15%. Overall, a total of 120 g of xylooligosaccharides and 335 g glucose could be collected from 1000 g sugarcane bagasse starting from the furoic acid pretreatment. Furthermore, furoic acid can be easily recovered by cooling crystallization. Conclusion This work put forward a novel furoic acid pretreatment method to convert sugarcane bagasse into xylooligosaccharides and glucose, which provides a strategy that the sugar and nutraceutical industries can be used to reduce the production cost. The developed process showed that the yields of xylooligosaccharides and byproducts were controllable by shortening the reaction time; meanwhile, the recyclability of furoic acid also can potentially reduce the pretreatment cost and potentially replace the traditional mineral acids pretreatment.

Acid-catalyzed Solvolysis of Isonitriles. I

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (14) ◽  
pp. 2455-2459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Y. Lim ◽  
A. R. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Acid Catalysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Product ◽  
Rate Dependence ◽  
Linear Rate ◽  
First Order ◽  
Methyl Amine ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Pseudo First Order ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of methyl isonitrile has been examined. The initial hydrolysis product is N-methylformamide which is further hydrolyzed to methyl amine and formic acid at a much slower rate. The hydrolysis to N-methylformamide is pseudo-first order in methyl isonitrile and shows a linear rate dependence on concentration of general (buffer) acid at fixed pH. The significance of general acid-catalysis in terms of the mechanism of the hydrolysis is considered and taken as evidence for carbon protonation rather than nitrogen protonation as the initiating step.

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