scholarly journals Screening of Yeast in Various Vineyard Soil and Study on Its Flavor Compounds from Brewing Grape Wine

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Xuzeng Wang ◽  
Zhaogai Wang ◽  
Tao Feng
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Tolerance Analysis ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Sugar Tolerance ◽  
Sensory Score ◽  
Vineyard Soil ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Ethyl Octanoate ◽  
Substrate Tolerance ◽  
Different Strains

In order to screen out Saccharomyces cerevisiae suitable for table grape fermentation, and compare it with commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae in terms of fermentation performance and aroma producing substances, differences of fermentation flavor caused by different strains were discussed. In this experiment, yeast was isolated and purified from vineyard soil, 26s rDNA identification and fermentation substrate tolerance analysis were carried out, and the causes of flavor differences of wine were analyzed from three aspects: GC-MS, PCA and sensory evaluation. The results showed that strain S1 had the highest floral aroma fraction, corresponding to its high production of ethyl octanoate and other substances, and it had the characteristics of high sugar tolerance. The fruit sensory score of S3 wine was the highest among the six wines. Through exploration and analysis, it was found that compared with commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the screened strains had more advantages in fermenting table grapes. The flavor of each wine was directly related to the growth characteristics and tolerance of its strains.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis and driver mutant prioritization for differentially expressed genes from a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with high glucose tolerance generated by UV irradiation

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (62) ◽  
pp. 38784-38797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Chen ◽  
Zhilong Lu ◽  
Dong Chen ◽  
Yutuo Wei ◽  
Xiaoling Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Mutant Phenotype ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Sugar Tolerance

Driver mutations of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant phenotype strain with high sugar tolerance were sought by the PheNetic network.

scholarly journals Prolonged Maltose-Limited Cultivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Selects for Cells with Improved Maltose Affinity and Hypersensitivity

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1956-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickel L. A. Jansen ◽  
Pascale Daran-Lapujade ◽  
Johannes H. de Winde ◽  
Matthew D. W. Piper ◽  
Jack T. Pronk
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Substrate Affinity ◽  
Maltose Permease ◽  
Prolonged Cultivation ◽  
Chemostat Cultures ◽  
Proton Symport ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Substrate Saturation ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Substrate Tolerance

ABSTRACT Prolonged cultivation (>25 generations) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in aerobic, maltose-limited chemostat cultures led to profound physiological changes. Maltose hypersensitivity was observed when cells from prolonged cultivations were suddenly exposed to excess maltose. This substrate hypersensitivity was evident from massive cell lysis and loss of viability. During prolonged cultivation at a fixed specific growth rate, the affinity for the growth-limiting nutrient (i.e., maltose) increased, as evident from a decreasing residual maltose concentration. Furthermore, the capacity of maltose-dependent proton uptake increased up to 2.5-fold during prolonged cultivation. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis showed that the increased maltose transport capacity was not primarily due to increased transcript levels of maltose-permease genes upon prolonged cultivation. We propose that selection for improved substrate affinity (ratio of maximum substrate consumption rate and substrate saturation constant) in maltose-limited cultures leads to selection for cells with an increased capacity for maltose uptake. At the same time, the accumulative nature of maltose-proton symport in S. cerevisiae leads to unrestricted uptake when maltose-adapted cells are exposed to a substrate excess. These changes were retained after isolation of individual cell lines from the chemostat cultures and nonselective cultivation, indicating that mutations were involved. The observed trade-off between substrate affinity and substrate tolerance may be relevant for metabolic engineering and strain selection for utilization of substrates that are taken up by proton symport.

Ethanol Production from Different Substrates by a Flocculent Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strain

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Duarte ◽  
Vera Lourenço ◽  
Belina Ribeiro ◽  
Maria Céu Saagua ◽  
Joana Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Yeast Strain ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Corn Fiber ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Continuous Reactor ◽  
Different Strains

During the last years there has been an increasing interest in using ethanol as a substitute for fossil fuels. The bioethanol used today is mainly produced from sugar cane and cereals, but reducing the production costs of ethanol is still crucial for a viable economic process. Cellulose from vegetable biomass will be the next cheap raw material for second generation fuel ethanol production and agricultural by-products with a low commercial value, as corn stover, corn fiber and cane bagasses would become an attractive feedstock for bioethanol production.In this study, different strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been screened for the ability of bioethanol production. Yeasts were grown in a synthetic liquid medium containing sucrose in batch regime and the growth rates, ethanol and biomass productions were determined as well as their growth ability in cane molasses.The results indicate that a flocculent yeast, isolated in our lab and designated by strain F, was the most promising yeast strain among those tested for continuous ethanol production. This strain was isolated from corn hydrolysates, obtained from a Portuguese distillery facility (DVT, Torres Novas, Portugal) showing highest growth rate (0.49h-1), highest ethanol yield (0.35g/g) and high flocculation capacity.The study on ethanol production in continuous reactor process with the selected yeast strain (strain F) was made on sucrose and cane molasses at different dilution rates (0.05-0.42 h-1). A steady flocculating yeast fluidized bed reactor system was established allowing the functioning of the reactor for 1000 h. Data shows that when the dilution rate rose to 0.42h-1, the highest productivity (20g/Lh) was obtained attaining an ethanol concentration in the reactor of 47g/L for sucrose and molasses media.

scholarly journals Redox Interactions between Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces uvarum in Mixed Culture under Enological Conditions

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoufel Cheraiti ◽  
St�phane Guezenec ◽  
Jean-Michel Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Wine Yeast ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Hybrid Strain ◽  
Saccharomyces Uvarum ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Different Cultures

ABSTRACT Wine yeast starters that contain a mixture of different industrial yeasts with various properties may soon be introduced to the market. The mechanisms underlying the interactions between the different strains in the starter during alcoholic fermentation have never been investigated. We identified and investigated some of these interactions in a mixed culture containing two yeast strains grown under enological conditions. The inoculum contained the same amount (each) of a strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a natural hybrid strain of S. cerevisiae and Saccharomyces uvarum. We identified interactions that affected biomass, by-product formation, and fermentation kinetics, and compared the redox ratios of monocultures of each strain with that of the mixed culture. The redox status of the mixed culture differed from that of the two monocultures, showing that the interactions between the yeast strains involved the diffusion of metabolite(s) within the mixed culture. Since acetaldehyde is a potential effector of fermentation, we investigated the kinetics of acetaldehyde production by the different cultures. The S. cerevisiae-S. uvarum hybrid strain produced large amounts of acetaldehyde for which the S. cerevisiae strain acted as a receiving strain in the mixed culture. Since yeast response to acetaldehyde involves the same mechanisms that participate in the response to other forms of stress, the acetaldehyde exchange between the two strains could play an important role in inhibiting some yeast strains and allowing the growth of others. Such interactions could be of particular importance in understanding the ecology of the colonization of complex fermentation media by S. cerevisiae.

scholarly journals Enzyme-constrained models predict the dynamics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth in continuous, batch and fed-batch bioreactors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Moreno-Paz ◽  
Joep Schmitz ◽  
Vitor A.P. Martins dos Santos ◽  
Maria Suarez-Diez
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Strain Design ◽  
Balance Analysis ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Batch Bioreactors ◽  
Constrained Models ◽  
Genome Scale

Genome-scale, constraint-based models (GEM) and their derivatives are commonly used to model and gain insights into microbial metabolism. Often, however, their accuracy and predictive power are limited and enable only approximate designs. To improve their usefulness for strain and bio-process design, we studied here their capacity to accurately predict metabolic changes in response to operational conditions in a bioreactor, as well as intracellular, active reactions. We used flux balance analysis (FBA) and dynamic FBA (dFBA) to predict growth dynamics of the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae under different industrially relevant conditions. We compared simulations with the latest developed GEM for this organism (Yeast8) and its enzyme-constrained version (ecYeast8) herein described with experimental data and found that ecYeast8 outperforms Yeast8 in all the simulations. EcYeast8 was able to predict well-known traits of yeast metabolism including the onset of the Crabtree effect, the order of substrate consumption during mixed carbon cultivation and production of a target metabolite. We showed how the combination of ecGEM and dFBA links reactor operation and genetic modifications to flux predictions, enabling the prediction of yields and productivities of different strains and (dynamic) production processes. Additionally, we present flux sampling as a tool to analyze flux predictions of ecGEM, of major importance for strain design applications. We showed that constraining protein availability substantially improves accuracy of the description of the metabolic state of the cell under dynamic conditions. This therefore enables more realistic and faithful designs of industrially relevant cell-based processes and, thus, the usefulness of such models

Relationship between H2S-producing strains of wine yeast and different fermentation conditions

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Tamayo ◽  
J Ubeda ◽  
A Briones
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Yeast Strain ◽  
Alcoholic Fermentation ◽  
Wine Yeast ◽  
Fermentation Conditions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
The Relationship

Hydrogen sulphide formation is a problem in winemaking. One of the factors affecting formation of this unwanted metabolite is the yeast strain responsible for the process. In this experiment wines were made on a laboratory scale with different strains of H2S-producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The relationship between H2S production and various fermentation conditions was examined (SO2, methionine, (NH4)2SO4, (NH4)3PO4, steel, and steel-lees). The results show that in fermentations in the presence of stainless steel and lees, H2S formation is high but declines when (NH4)3PO4is added to the must.Key words: H2S formation, wine-yeast, steel-lees, wine-making, alcoholic fermentation.

Rearrangements of highly polymorphic regions near telomeres of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 2509-2517
Author(s):  
H Horowitz ◽  
P Thorburn ◽  
J E Haber
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Homologous Sequence ◽  
Tetrad Analysis ◽  
Homologous Chromosomes ◽  
Restriction Fragments ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
Number Of Genes ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease Fragment ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Gene Conversions

We have examined the mitotic and meiotic properties of telomeric regions in various laboratory strains of yeast. Using a sequence (Y probe) derived from a cloned yeast telomere (J. Szostak and E. Blackburn, Cell 29:245-255, 1982), we found that various strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae show extensive polymorphisms of restriction endonuclease fragment length. Some of the variation in the lengths of telomeric fragments appears to be under the control of a small number of genes. When DNA from various strains was digested with endonuclease KpnI, nearly all of the fragments homologous to the Y probe were found to be of different size. The pattern of fragments in different strains was extremely variable, with a greater degree of polymorphism than that observed for fragments containing the mobile TY1 element. Tetrad analysis of haploid meiotic segregants from diploids heterozygous for many different Y-homologous KpnI fragments revealed that most of them exhibited Mendelian (2:0) segregation. However, only a small proportion of these fragments displayed the obligate 2:2 parental segregation expected of simple allelic variants at the same chromosome end. From the segregations of these fragments, we concluded that some yeast telomeres lack a Y-homologous sequence and that the chromosome arms containing a Y-homologous sequence are different among various yeast strains. Regions near yeast telomeres frequently undergo rearrangement. Among eight tetrads from three different diploids, we have found three novel Y-homologous restriction fragments that appear to have arisen during meiosis. In all three cases, the appearance of a new fragment was accompanied by the loss of another band. In one of these cases, the rearrangement leading to a novel fragment arose in an isogenic diploid, in which both homologous chromosomes should have been identical. Among these same tetrads we also found examples of apparent mitotic gene conversions and mitotic recombination involving telemetric regions.

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