scholarly journals Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Liver Carcinoma Cells Induced by Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using Schinus molle Extract

Nanomaterials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Waleed Ali Hailan ◽  
Khalid Mashay Al-Anazi ◽  
Mohammad Abul Farah ◽  
Mohammad Ajmal Ali ◽  
Ahmed Ali Al-Kawmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Liver Carcinoma ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Schinus Molle ◽  
Biosynthesized Agnps

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy and is ranked as the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Schinus molle (S. mole) L. is an important medicinal plant that contains many bioactive compounds with pharmacological properties. The role of S. molle leaf extract in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was determined. The biosynthesized AgNPs were thoroughly characterized by UV–vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effect of the biosynthesized AgNPs using S. molle (SMAgNPs) against HepG2 liver cancer cells was investigated. Reactive oxygen species generation, apoptosis induction, DNA damage, and autophagy activity were analyzed. The results clearly showed that the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 by significantly (p < 0.05) inducing oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, DNA damage, apoptosis, and autophagy in a dose- and time-dependent manner. These findings may encourage integrating the potential of natural products and the efficiency of silver nanoparticles for the fabrication of safe, environmentally friendly, and effective anticancer agents.

Novel Tetrazoles against Acanthamoeba castellanii Belonging to the T4 Genotype

Chemotherapy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yassmin Isse Wehelie ◽  
Naveed Ahmed Khan ◽  
Itrat Fatima ◽  
Areeba Anwar ◽  
Kanwal Kanwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Acanthamoeba Castellanii ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Tetrazole Derivatives

Background: Acanthamoeba castellanii is a pathogenic free-living amoeba responsible for blinding keratitis and fatal granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. However, treatments are not standardized but can involve the use of amidines, biguanides, and azoles. Objectives: The aim of this study was to synthesize a variety of synthetic tetrazole derivatives and test their activities against A. castellanii. Methods: A series of novel tetrazole compounds were synthesized by one-pot method and characterized by NMR and mass spectroscopy. These compounds were subjected to amoebicidal, and cytotoxicity assays against A. castellanii belonging to the T4 genotype and human keratinocyte skin cells respectively. Additionally, reactive oxygen species determination and electron microscopy studies were carried out. Furthermore, two of the seven compounds were conjugated with silver nanoparticles to study their antiamoebic potential. Results: A series of seven tetrazole derivatives were synthesized successfully. The selected tetrazoles showed anti-amoebic activities at 10µM concentration against A. castellanii in vitro. The compounds tested caused increased reactive oxygen species generation in A castellanii, and significant morphological damage to amoebal membranes. Moreover, conjugation of silver nanoparticles enhanced antiamoebic effects of two tetrazoles. Conclusions: The results showed that azole compounds hold promise in the development of new formulations of anti-Acanthamoebic agents.

The Requirement of Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in the Apoptosis of Leukemia Cells Induced by 2-Methoxyestradiol.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 4370-4370
Author(s):  
Guo Kunyuan ◽  
Miaorong She ◽  
Haiyan Hu ◽  
Xinqing Niu ◽  
Sanfang Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Leukemic Cells ◽  
Leukemia Cells ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Abstract 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME) is a new anticancer agent currently under investigation for treatment of leukemia. We evaluated the effects of 2-ME-induced apoptosis in two myeloid leukemia cell lines (U937 and HL-60) in association with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. We found that 2-ME resulted in viability decrease in a dose-dependent manner, generated ROS: nitric oxide and superoxide anions, and mitochondria damage. 2-ME-induced apoptosis correlated with increase in ROS. Quenching of ROS with N-acetyl-L-cysteine protected leukemia cells from the cytotoxicity of 2-ME and prevented apoptosis induction by 2-ME. Furthermore, addition of manumycin, a farnesyltransferase inhibitor, demonstrated by our previous studies that induced apoptosis of leukemic cells and induced ROS, significantly enhanced the apoptosis-induced by 2-ME. In conclusion, cellular ROS generation play an important role in the cytotoxic effect of 2-ME. It is possible to use ROS-generation agents such as manumycin to enhance the antileukemic effect. Such a combination strategy need the further in vivo justify and may have potential clinical application.

Silver nanoparticles synthesized from Adenium obesum leaf extract induced DNA damage, apoptosis and autophagy via generation of reactive oxygen species

2016 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 158-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abul Farah ◽  
Mohammad Ajmal Ali ◽  
Shen-Ming Chen ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Fahad Mohammad Al-Hemaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

scholarly journals DNA damage induces reactive oxygen species generation through the H2AX-Nox1/Rac1 pathway

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e249-e249 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Kang ◽  
E-Y So ◽  
A L Simons ◽  
D R Spitz ◽  
T Ouchi
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

scholarly journals d-amino acid oxidase promotes cellular senescence via the production of reactive oxygen species

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. e201800045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiki Nagano ◽  
Shunsuke Yamao ◽  
Anju Terachi ◽  
Hidetora Yarimizu ◽  
Haruki Itoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Acid Oxidase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Amino Acid Oxidase

d-amino acid oxidase (DAO) is a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)–dependent oxidase metabolizing neutral and polard-amino acids. Unlikel-amino acids, the amounts ofd-amino acids in mammalian tissues are extremely low, and therefore, little has been investigated regarding the physiological role of DAO. We have recently identifiedDAOto be up-regulated in cellular senescence, a permanent cell cycle arrest induced by various stresses, such as persistent DNA damage and oxidative stress. Because DAO produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) as byproducts of substrate oxidation and the accumulation of ROS mediates the senescence induction, we explored the relationship between DAO and senescence. We found that inhibition of DAO impaired senescence induced by DNA damage, and ectopic expression of wild-type DAO, but not enzymatically inactive mutant, enhanced it in an ROS-dependent manner. Furthermore, addition ofd-amino acids and riboflavin, a metabolic precursor of FAD, to the medium potentiated the senescence-promoting effect of DAO. These results indicate that DAO promotes senescence through the enzymatic ROS generation, and its activity is regulated by the availability of its substrate and coenzyme.

scholarly journals UVA Radiation Enhances Lomefloxacin-Mediated Cytotoxic, Growth-Inhibitory and Pro-Apoptotic Effect in Human Melanoma Cells through Excessive Reactive Oxygen Species Generation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 8937
Author(s):  
Artur Beberok ◽  
Zuzanna Rzepka ◽  
Jakub Rok ◽  
Klaudia Banach ◽  
Dorota Wrześniok
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
Stress Generation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Uva Irradiation ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Uva Radiation

Melanoma, the most dangerous type of cutaneous neoplasia, contributes to about 75% of all skin cancer-related deaths. Thus, searching for new melanoma treatment options is an important field of study. The current study was designed to assess whether the condition of mild and low-dose UVA radiation augments the lomefloxacin-mediated cytotoxic, growth-inhibitory and pro-apoptotic effect of the drug in melanoma cancer cells through excessive oxidative stress generation. C32 amelanotic and COLO829 melanotic (BRAF-mutant) melanoma cell lines were used as an experimental model system. The combined exposure of cells to both lomefloxacin and UVA irradiation caused higher alterations of redox signalling pathways, as shown by intracellular reactive oxygen species overproduction and endogenous glutathione depletion when compared to non-irradiated but lomefloxacin-treated melanoma cells. The obtained results also showed that lomefloxacin decreased both C32 and COLO829 cells’ viability in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect significantly intensified when melanoma cells were exposed to UVA irradiation and the drug. For melanoma cells exposed to lomefloxacin or lomefloxacin co-treatment with UVA irradiation, the concentrations of the drug that decreased the cells’ viability by 50% (EC50) were found to be 0.97, 0.17, 1.01, 0.18 mM, respectively. Moreover, we found that the redox imbalance, mitochondrial membrane potential breakdown, induction of DNA fragmentation, and changes in the melanoma cells’ cell cycle distribution (including G2/M, S as well as Sub-G1-phase blockade) were lomefloxacin in a dose-dependent manner and were significantly augmented by UVA radiation. This is the first experimental work that assesses the impact of excessive reactive oxygen species generation upon UVA radiation exposure on lomefloxacin-mediated cytotoxic, growth-inhibitory and pro-apoptotic effects towards human melanoma cells, indicating the possibility of the usage of this drug in the photochemotherapy of malignant melanoma as an innovative medical treatment option which could improve the effectiveness of therapy. The obtained results also revealed that the redox imbalance intensification mediated by the phototoxic potential of fluoroquinolones may be considered as a more efficient treatment model of malignant melanoma and may constitute the basis for the development of new compounds with a high ability to excessive oxidative stress generation upon UVA radiation in cancer cells.

Polyphenol effects on CuO-nanoparticle-mediated DNA damage, reactive oxygen species generation, and fibroblast cell death

2021 ◽  
pp. 105252
Author(s):  
Carlos Angelé-Martínez ◽  
Fathima S. Ameer ◽  
Yash Raval ◽  
Guohui Huang ◽  
Tzuen-Rong J. Tzeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cuo Nanoparticle
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