scholarly journals Poultry Manure Induced Garden Eggs Yield and Soil Fertility in Tropical and Semi-Arid Sandy-Loam Soils

Nitrogen ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-331
Author(s):  
Isaac Kwadwo Mpanga ◽  
Eric Adjei ◽  
Harrison Kwame Dapaah ◽  
Kwadwo Gyasi Santo
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Semi Arid

Synthetic nitrogen fertilizer use comes with unsustainable financial and environmental costs, making it not attractive to small-scale and organic farmers. Poultry manure (PM) when available is a primary fertilizer source for small-scale and organic farmers but there is still limited research on its effects of specific crops and soil fertility under specific practices. The study investigated PM effects on garden egg in three seasons in Ghana and PM effects soil fertility in sandy-loam soils of Arizona after three years under flood irrigation and no-till. The PM application improved garden egg growth (dry matter by 73%) and increased yield by 66% in slightly acidic sandy-loam tropical soils, which could be related to soil mineral improvement. In the semi-arid soil, three years PM application increased cation exchange capacity (41%), P (471%), K (18%), S (244%), Ca (45%), Mg (31%), Zn (5%) and Mn (19%) with reduction in nitrate (−26%), Fe (−38%) and Cu (−11%). The reduction in the nitrate and Fe in the semi-arid Arizona cropland could be associated to flood irrigation and high soil pH, respectively. To gain the full potential from PM applications, best management practice is recommended to reduce nitrate leaching.

scholarly journals Market Analysis of Smallholder Goat Enterprise under Tropical Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufemi Adedotun Yesufu ◽  
Rabirou Kassali ◽  
Fakunle John Aremu ◽  
Michael Olawale Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Tropical Conditions

AbstractThough smallholder goat enterprise has been a major source of livelihood in most African communities for ages, yet little efforts exist to explore its full potential through commercialization. While much has been done to improve agricultural production in the small-scale sector, little is known and documented about the current state of goat production and marketing in most parts of Nigeria. Using proportionate sampling, data were collected from 160 smallholder goat producers and 220 consumers making a total of 380 respondents for the study. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, budgetary analyses, multiple regression and Likert Scale Technique. The study showed that smallholder goat enterprise was female-dominated with majority aged between 51 - 60 years. The average cost, average revenue and gross margin per production season were ₦12,471.78, ₦16,755.51 and ₦4,904.61, respectively. The farmers realized ₦430.20, ₦450.80, ₦252.00 and ₦363.50 on a kilogram of buck, doe, male and female kids, respectively. Smallholder goat enterprise was profitable in the study area because the Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) showed that every ₦100 invested per goat yielded ₦34.00 more and above the money invested. The multiple regression model analysis showed that management practice (P < 0.01), gender (P < 0.1), age of cost of medication (P < 0.01) and flock size (P < 0.05) significantly influence the profitability of smallholder goat production in the study area. The result of Likert’s scale indicated that 66.8 % of the consumers preferred goat meat to other meats because of its availability (56.8 %) and taste (22.3 %). Therefore, it is recommended that efforts should be put into commercializing goat enterprise in the tropics using the intensive system.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Amendment Addition on Soil Properties, Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Grape Yield in Semi-Arid Vineyard Agroecosystems

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1477
Author(s):  
Antonio Marín-Martínez ◽  
Alberto Sanz-Cobeña ◽  
Mª Angeles Bustamante ◽  
Enrique Agulló ◽  
Concepción Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Organic N ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Grape Yield

In semi-arid vineyard agroecosystems, highly vulnerable in the context of climate change, the soil organic matter (OM) content is crucial to the improvement of soil fertility and grape productivity. The impact of OM, from compost and animal manure, on soil properties (e.g., pH, oxidisable organic C, organic N, NH4+-N and NO3−-N), grape yield and direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emission in vineyards was assessed. For this purpose, two wine grape varieties were chosen and managed differently: with a rain-fed non-trellising vineyard of Monastrell, a drip-irrigated trellising vineyard of Monastrell and a drip-irrigated trellising vineyard of Cabernet Sauvignon. The studied fertiliser treatments were without organic amendments (C), sheep/goat manure (SGM) and distillery organic waste compost (DC). The SGM and DC treatments were applied at a rate of 4600 kg ha−1 (fresh weight, FW) and 5000 kg ha−1 FW, respectively. The use of organic amendments improved soil fertility and grape yield, especially in the drip-irrigated trellising vineyards. Increased CO2 emissions were coincident with higher grape yields and manure application (maximum CO2 emissions = 1518 mg C-CO2 m−2 d−1). In contrast, N2O emissions, mainly produced through nitrification, were decreased in the plots showing higher grape production (minimum N2O emissions = −0.090 mg N2O-N m−2 d−1). In all plots, the CH4 fluxes were negative during most of the experiment (−1.073−0.403 mg CH4-C m−2 d−1), indicating that these ecosystems can represent a significant sink for atmospheric CH4. According to our results, the optimal vineyard management, considering soil properties, yield and GHG mitigation together, was the use of compost in a drip-irrigated trellising vineyard with the grape variety Monastrell.

Small-scale heterogeneity in carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane production from aggregates of a cultivated sandy-loam soil

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 2468-2473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin K. Sey ◽  
Ameur M. Manceur ◽  
Joann K. Whalen ◽  
Edward G. Gregorich ◽  
Philippe Rochette
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Heterogeneity ◽  
Loam Soil

EFFECTS OF SOIL MANAGEMENT ON NUMBERS OF THE ROOT-LESION NEMATODE PRATYLENCHUS PENETRANS IN SOILS OF ONTARIO PEACH ORCHARDS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
C. F. MARKS ◽  
W. J. SAIDAK ◽  
P. W. JOHNSON
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Root Lesion Nematode ◽  
Entire Area ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Lesion Nematode

The use of herbicides and cover crops in peach orchards influenced the numbers of the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans, in Fox sandy loam soils. Plots treated over the entire area with the herbicide combination of paraquat (1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium ion) and linuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea) had the smallest number of P. penetrans in the soil. The soil management practice used by many Ontario growers, clean cultivation until 1 July followed by a weed cover, resulted in the largest numbers of nematodes in the soil. Creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) as a cover crop retarded the rate of increase of P. penetrans numbers in the soil but Sudan grass (Sorghum vulgare cult sudanense Hitchc.) did not. Weed control practices that permitted a temporary re-establishment of weed covers, did not retard the increase of P. penetrans numbers. Use of paraquat plus linuron to limit weed growth in the tree rows coupled with a permanent cover of creeping red fescue between the rows appears to be an effective way of retarding increases of P. penetrans numbers in peach orchards. Soil management systems that incorporate these features may be of practical value to Ontario peach growers.

Contending the Rural: Food Commodities and Regimes of Value in Contemporary China

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sacha Cody
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Rural Labor ◽  
Alternative Food Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
China Today

This article examines how commodity status is achieved and how value is articulated across three food provisioning practices and ideologies in China: nationally certified food, local government-sponsored organic food near Shanghai, and an alternative food movement comprising small-scale and independent organic farmers in Shanghai and the surrounding countryside. Understanding value across these three cases requires asking how the social relations of production and the rural labor involved in domestic food production are rendered visible, or not, to urban shoppers. Drawing on eighteen months of ethnographic fieldwork as well as on work experiences with transnational food corporations in China, this article illustrates that government initiatives alienate rural labor in an effort partially designed to manage social harmony, while independent organic farmers “bring the rural back.” This analysis adds to our understanding of urban/rural relations in China today. It also shows that for alternative notions of value to flourish, gifts may intentionally moonlight as commodities.

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