scholarly journals Association of Drug Application and Hydration Status in Elderly Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1929
Author(s):  
Laura Hoen ◽  
Daniel Pfeffer ◽  
Rico Zapf ◽  
Andrea Raabe ◽  
Janosch Hildebrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Drug Application ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
Impedance Vector ◽  
Total Body

Due to multifactorial reasons, such as decreased thirst and decreased total body water, elderly patients are vulnerable to dehydration. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia increase the risk of dehydration and, in turn, dehydration decreases cognitive performance. The study aims to identify and assess differences in hydration status, taking into account patients’ drug treatment and diseases, using bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA), thereby revealing unfavorable aspects of prognosis. 447 geriatric patients (241 women, 206 men) including information on medication and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were investigated, which allowed studying the association between 40 drugs and the hydration status. First, patients were divided into disease groups. Renal disease and diuretic treatment were significantly different in both sexes, whereas cardiovascular patients differed exclusively for females. Next, drug enrichment was examined in either hyperhydrated or dehydrated patients. Simvastatin, candesartan, bisoprolol, amlodipine, olmesartan, furosemide, torasemide, allopurinol, mirtazapine, pantoprazole, cholecalciferol, and resveratrol showed enrichment depending on hydration status. This study demonstrated that patients can be differentiated and stratified by BIVA, taking into account medication and disease associated with hydration status. Although patients diagnosed with MCI and therefore treated with resveratrol, BIVA still showed evaluated dehydration. This is unfavorable in terms of prognosis and requires special attention.

Identifying Athlete Body Fluid Changes During a Competitive Season With Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Campa ◽  
Catarina N. Matias ◽  
Elisabetta Marini ◽  
Steven B. Heymsfield ◽  
Stefania Toselli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Angle ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Vector Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis ◽  
Competitive Season ◽  
Impedance Vector ◽  
Total Body

Purpose: To analyze the association between body fluid changes evaluated by bioelectrical impedance vector analysis and dilution techniques over a competitive season in athletes. Methods: A total of 58 athletes of both sexes (men: age 18.7 [4.0] y and women: age 19.2 [6.0] y) engaging in different sports were evaluated at the beginning (pre) and 6 months after (post) the competitive season. Deuterium dilution and bromide dilution were used as the criterion methods to assess total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW), respectively; intracellular water (ICW) was calculated as TBW–ECW. Bioelectrical resistance and reactance were obtained with a phase-sensitive 50-kHz bioelectrical impedance analysis device; bioelectrical impedance vector analysis was applied. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to assess fat mass and fat-free mass. The athletes were empirically classified considering TBW change (pre–post, increase or decrease) according to sex. Results: Significant mean vector displacements in the postgroups were observed in both sexes. Specifically, reductions in vector length (Z/H) were associated with increases in TBW and ICW (r = −.718, P < .01; r = −.630, P < .01, respectively) and decreases in ECW:ICW ratio (r = .344, P < .05), even after adjusting for age, height, and sex. Phase-angle variations were positively associated with TBW and ICW (r = .458, P < .01; r = .564, P < .01, respectively) and negatively associated with ECW:ICW (r = −.436, P < .01). Phase angle significantly increased in all the postgroups except in women in whom TBW decreased. Conclusions: The results suggest that bioelectrical impedance vector analysis is a suitable method to obtain a qualitative indication of body fluid changes during a competitive season in athletes.

Detection of Hydration Status by Total Body Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) in Patients on Hemodialysis

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Oe ◽  
W.M. De Fijter ◽  
C.W.H. De Fijter ◽  
B. Straver ◽  
P.L. Oe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Nutritional Analysis ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Segmental Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Simultaneous Assessment

The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether total body bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) could be appropriate to assess normohydration (i.e. dry weight) in hemodialysis patients. This study is warranted, because the simultaneous assessment of both hydration and nutritional status by BIA requires the presence of a situation of normohydration in order to guarantee valid conclusions about the nutritional analysis. Segmental bioelectrical impedance was performed to classify patients according to their hydration status. BIA measurements revealed significant differences in TBW, ECW and ICW/ECW between three hydration subgroups (under-, normo-, and overhydration), whereas ICW was similar. Therefore, TBW, ECW and ICW/ECW appear appropriate variables to assess hydration status in patients on hemodialysis. Hemodialysis diminished ECW significantly, whereas ICW did not change, suggesting that a decrease of ECW explains the fluid loss during hemodialysis.

scholarly journals Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) in university athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Custódio Martins ◽  
Luis Alberto Gobbo ◽  
Diego Augusto Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Cell Mass ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Vector Analysis ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis ◽  
Adequate Hydration ◽  
Impedance Vector ◽  
Individual Sports

Abstract Background Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) is able to identify differences in hydration status and body composition components, such as body cell mass (BCM) by means of plotting individuals in ellipses, when comparing groups with different characteristics. Objective Compare the confidence and tolerance ellipses of BIVA in individual and team sports athletes with a non-athlete reference population. Design and participants One hundred sixty-seven college athletes (team sports: 117 athletes, individual sports: 50 athletes) aged between 18 and 35 years. Bioelectrical impedance was used to measure resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) values that were used in the BIVA analysis to identify hydration status and BCM, respectively. Hotelling’s t-test was used to identify differences between groups in the confidence ellipses and the comparison was made with a non-athlete Italian reference population. Results There were no differences between male team sports and individual athletes (p = 0.151) and for female athletes (p = 0.624). Most athletes were located in the 50% tolerance ellipses, indicating adequate hydration. Compared to the Italian a non-athlete population, athletes of both sexes presented left impedance vector deviation in the minor axis (Xc) of the tolerance ellipses, indicating higher BCM. Conclusion There were no differences in BIVA between team and individual sports athletes, but most athletes presented an adequate hydration state and, compared to a non-athlete population, the athletes of the present study presented higher BCM.

scholarly journals Applications of Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis (BIVA) in the Study of Body Composition in Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 9781
Author(s):  
Sandra de la Cruz Marcos ◽  
Mª Paz Redondo del Río ◽  
Beatriz de Mateo Silleras
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Vector Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis ◽  
Measurement Protocol ◽  
Impedance Vector

The study of body composition (BC) allows evaluating nutritional status, optimizing competitive performance, and monitoring the success of training regimens in athletes. Since BC reference techniques are expensive and/or invasive, in practice simpler, less expensive, and safer methods such as anthropometry are often used. The problem is that anthropometry requires a qualified anthropometrist, a rigorous measurement protocol using validated equipment, and a lengthy procedure because of its limited accuracy. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) is an indirect method for estimating BC in a simple, fast, inexpensive, noninvasive, accurate, and reproducible manner. Despite the limitations of conventional BIA, it is still the most commonly used method for assessing BC in athletes. However, bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) allows qualitative assessment of body cell mass (BCM) and hydration status without the need for biological assumptions and without being subject to conventional BIA errors. The purpose of this article was to demonstrate the uses and applications of BIA in the study of the BC and physical characteristics of athletes. For example, several practical cases of athletes from different sports were compared. The results obtained from somatotype studies, conventional BIA, and BIVA were included. BIVA interpretation and somatotype were consistent for all cases analyzed, but BIVA also provided information about hydration and BCM. The application of BIVA in the assessment of athletes can improve BC studies in sports because it is fast, simple, and reliable and neither imposes two-compartment-model limitations on BC estimation nor requires any biological assumptions.

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