scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Nocardiae Associated with Foaming Coastal Marine Waters

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
Luke Wright ◽  
Mohammad Katouli ◽  
D. Ipek Kurtböke
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Molecular Identification Methods ◽  
Novel Method

Nocardiosis is an infectious disease caused by Nocardia species that occurs worldwide, albeit more prevalently in tropical/subtropical regions. It can appear as either acute, subacute or as a chronic infection mostly with those with a compromised/weakened immune system. Inhalation of spores and or mycelium fragments is the main transmission route for developing pulmonary nocardiosis. In contrast, cutaneous nocardiosis usually occurs via direct contact. In the subtropical region of the Sunshine Coast in Australia foaming events with thick and persistent and orange-brown color foam have been observed during summer seasons in the near shore marine environments. This study reports the existence of nocardiae in these near shore marine environments by the use of a novel isolation method which used the gas requirements of nocardiae as a selective battery. A total of 32 nocardiae were isolated with the use of this novel method and subsequently conducted molecular identification methods confirmed that the isolates belonged to the genus Nocardia. Twenty-one isolates out of the 32 were closely related to N. nova strains MGA115 and one was related to CBU 09/875, in addition when compared with human pathogenic nocardiae twenty of the isolates were found to be related to N. nova strain JCM 6044. Isolates displayed varied resistance against some of the antibiotics tested when interpretation threshold recommended the Comite de L’Antibiogramme de la Societe Francaise de Microbiologie were used. The highest level of resistance against cefotaxime (n = 27) and ceftriaxone (n = 24). Some of the isolates (n = 6) that displayed resistance to selected antibiotics also possessed potential human pathogenic characteristics such as adherence and translocation through human long epithelial cells as well as displaying phage resistance (n = 26). They might thus present a potential public health risk if frequently encountered through exposure to aerosols generated by the foam as well as direct contact through a wound. Preventative measures to control the growth of nocardiae in such environments such as the control of pollutants, might prevent potential infections that might be caused by these bacteria in humans as well as in marine animals.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Vibrio alginolyticus in Sediment Samples of River and Coastal Areas of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Siddiqui ◽  
MM Alam ◽  
MN Naser ◽  
Y Otomo ◽  
M Yasmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Population ◽  
Vibrio Alginolyticus ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Vibrio Pathogens ◽  
Positive Results

Vibrio alginolyticus has been thought to be a halophilic marine bacterium that causes diarrhea, otitis media and wound infection through the consumption of raw or inappropriately cooked sea food. It is one of the main Vibrio pathogens affecting marine animals, such as marine fish, shrimp and shellfish which lead to large economic damage. Although there are reports on the presence of this organism in the coastal area of other countries, not so much work has been done on the isolation and characterization of this species in Bangladesh. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to isolate and characterize V. alginolyticus organisms isolated from the rivers (fresh water) and estuaries (brackish water) of Bangladesh. A total of 9 isolates of Vibrio species were obtained from different water bodies (three from Meghna river, two from Shangu river and four from estuary) and provisionally identified as Vibrio alginolyticus following standard biochemical tests. All these 9 strains showed same pattern of antibiotic resistance to ampicillin, streotomycin, penicillin, but sensitive to nalidixic acid. In the virulence properties test, two isolates showed positive results for toxR gene and none of the isolates showed positive results for tdh gene. Challenge experiments in Singhi fish (Heteropneustes fossi) with the live cells and the culture filtrate prepared from the V. alginolyticus showed high mortality of the fish population. All these studies suggest the presence of pathogenic V. alginolyticus strains in the river water and estuarine bodies of Bangladesh and the extracellular toxin(s) of the V. alginolyticus might be one of the causes for fish mortality.Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 29, Number 1, June 2012, pp 1-6

Optical and chemical characterization of base-extracted particulate organic matter in coastal marine environments

2014 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 96-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeline Brym ◽  
Hans W. Paerl ◽  
Michael T. Montgomery ◽  
Lauren T. Handsel ◽  
Kai Ziervogel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Coastal Marine

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of human primary enterocytes from small intestine using a novel method

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1334-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priti Chougule ◽  
Gustaf Herlenius ◽  
Nidia Maritza Hernandez ◽  
Pradeep B Patil ◽  
Bo Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Novel Method

A Novel Method for Magnetic Isolation and Characterization of Polycarbonate-Urethane Wear Particles

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J. Elsner ◽  
Keren Hakshur ◽  
Avi Shterling ◽  
Eran Linder-Ganz ◽  
Noam Eliaz
Keyword(s):  
Large Range ◽  
Magnetic Moments ◽  
Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Ultrahigh Molecular Weight ◽  
Erbium Chloride ◽  
Novel Method

Ferrography is a method for separating wear particles onto a slide. The method is based on the interaction between an external magnetic field and the magnetic moments of the particles suspended in a flow stream. It is advantageous in providing high detectability rate for a relatively large range of particle sizes (0.5–200 μm) [1]. A newer generation of ferrography, known as Bio-Ferrography, allows particles from five fluid samples to be isolated simultaneously on one slide and analyzed in terms of their number, chemistry, shape, dimensions, surface morphology, structure, etc. Since magnetization does not naturally occur in polymeric and biological materials, wear particles of such origins must be magnetized prior to Bio-Ferrography. This can be done, for instance, by binding to a ferromagnetic element, such as Er+3, originating from erbium chloride (ErCl3) solution. Such Bio-Ferrography technology has already been applied successfully in hip wear simulations for the separation of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHWPE) wear debris suspended in bovine serum as lubricant [2].

Isolation and Characterization of New Antibiotics from Indonesian Coastal Marine Bacteria

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
VERONICA VERONICA ◽  
◽  
BIBIANA W. LAY ◽  
STELLA MAGDALENA
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
New Antibiotics

scholarly journals Taxonomic and Enzymatic Characterization of Flocculibacter collagenilyticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a Novel Gammaproteobacterium With High Collagenase Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Jun-Hui Cheng ◽  
Zhao-Jie Teng ◽  
Zhong-Zhi Sun ◽  
Xiao-Yan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Collagen Degradation ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Nitrogen Recycling ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
The Family

Collagens from marine animals are an important component of marine organic nitrogen. Collagenase-producing bacteria and their collagenases play important roles in collagen degradation and organic nitrogen recycling in the ocean. However, only a few collagenase-producing marine bacteria have been so far discovered. Here, we reported the isolation and characterization of a collagenase-secreting bacterium, designated strain SM1988T, isolated from a green alga Codium fragile sample. Strain SM1988T is a Gram-negative, aerobic, oxidase-, and catalase-positive, unipolar flagellated, and rod-shaped bacterium capable of hydrolyzing casein, gelatin and collagens. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain SM1988T formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage along with known genera within the family Pseudoalteromonadaceae, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity being less than 93.3% to all known species in the family. Based on the phylogenetic, genomic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain SM1988T was considered to represent a novel species in a novel genus in the family Pseudoalteromonadaceae, for which the name Flocculibacter collagenilyticus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain being SM1988T (= MCCC 1K04279T = KCTC 72761T). Strain SM1988T showed a high production of extracellular collagenases, which had high activity against both bovine collagen and codfish collagen. Biochemical tests combined with genome and secretome analyses indicated that the collagenases secreted by strain SM1988T are serine proteases from the MEROPS S8 family. These data suggest that strain SM1988T acts as an important player in marine collagen degradation and recycling and may have a promising potential in collagen resource utilization.

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