scholarly journals Detection of Babesia spp. in High Altitude Cattle in Ecuador, Possible Evidence of the Adaptation of Vectors and Diseases to New Climatic Conditions

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1593
Author(s):  
María A. Chávez-Larrea ◽  
Cristina Cholota-Iza ◽  
Viviana Medina-Naranjo ◽  
Michelle Yugcha-Díaz ◽  
Jorge Ron-Román ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Variable ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Ribosomal Gene ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Babesia Species ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Babesia Spp

Background: Babesia species are intraerythrocytic protozoa, distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, causing anemic diseases in many animals, including cattle. This disease, called babesisosis, is transmitted from one animal to another through ticks (Tick Borne-Disease or TBD). On the other hand, Ecuador has a tropical climate that allows the development of the vector Rhipicephalus microplus, and therefore favors the transmission of Babesia spp. in cattle. Methods and principal findings: We determined the presence of Babesia spp. by PCR using 18s ribosomal gene as target (18s PCR) in 20 farms in the area of El Carmen (zone below 300 m above sea level) and 1 farm in Quito (2469 m.a.s.l.). In addition, we analyzed parameters such as age, sex, and packed cell volume (PCV) as explanatory variable associated with the disease. Results: The 18s PCR test showed that 18.94% (14.77% Babesia bovis and 4.17% Babesia bigemina) and 20.28% (14.69% B. bovis and 5.59% B. bigemina) of the cattle were positive for Babesia spp in farms sampled in El Carmen and in Quito, respectively. Age influenced the presence of animals positive for Babesia spp., but sex and PCV did not. The phylogenetic analysis of sequences showed 4 isolates of B. bovis and 3 isolates of B. bigemina in the 2 study zones, with similarities between 99.73 and 100% with other sequences. One B. bovis isolate was similar in the zone of El Carmen and Quito. Conclusion and significance: This work is the first molecular characterization of B. bigemina and B. bovis in Ecuador, and it is also the first evidence of Babesia spp. in cattle in the area of Quito at an altitude of 2469 m.a.s.l., being the highest altitude reported for animals with babesiosis and for the tick R. microplus. Climatic factors as well as mobility of tick-carrying animals without any control allow the presence of Babesiosis outbreaks in new geographical areas.

scholarly journals Dynamics of natural infection by Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina in dairy cattle from an enzootic instability area in Northeastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco de Assis Leite Souza ◽  
Alexandra de Siqueira Cajado Liarte ◽  
Karina Neoob de Carvalho Castro ◽  
Eduardo Esmeraldo Augusto Beserra ◽  
Jéssica Cristianne Mazer Bernardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Babesia Spp

Abstract This study aimed to determine the dynamics of natural infection in the transmission of Babesia spp. to cattle in an enzootic instability area in Northeastern Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 30 calves located on two dairy farms to determine the packed cell volume (PCV) and the timing of the primo-infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and their association with climatic factors and management practices. On Farm A, the determination of primo-infection was observed on average at 249.4 (±24.42) days of age for B. bigemina and at 252.6 (±17.07) days of age for B. bovis; there was no significant difference between the times of infection (P> 0.05). The infection coincided with a period of high rainfall in the region. On Farm B, primo-infection infection was not observed. There was no infection by Babesia spp. on Farm B due to the intensive use of acaricides that led to an absence of ticks. There was no significant difference between the average PCV of animals from Farms A and B (P> 0.05). The management practices on the properties, in addition to the weather conditions influenced the exposure of the animals to disease vectors and may have contributed to the maintenance of this enzootic area in Northeastern Brazil.

scholarly journals Molecular detection and characterization of Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Theileria species and Anaplasma marginale isolated from cattle in Kenya

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Franck Adjou Moumouni ◽  
Gabriel Oluga Aboge ◽  
Mohamad Alaa Terkawi ◽  
Tatsunori Masatani ◽  
Shinuo Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Babesia Bigemina

scholarly journals Asociación de los alelos del gen BoLA-DRB3 con la infección natural de Babesia spp en el ganado criollo Hartón del Valle

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (253) ◽  
pp. 113-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bolaños ◽  
D. Hernandez ◽  
L. Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Babesia Spp

En 191 individuos de la raza bovina criolla Hartón del Valle, se evaluó la infección por los protozoarios Babesia bovis y Babesia bigemina mediante PCR convencional, los polimorfismos del gen BoLA-DRB3,2* mediante PCR-SBT y la asociación entre ambos (Odds Ratio, OR). Los alelos fueron categorizados según su asociación en resistentes (R), susceptibles (S) o neutrales (N) a la infección y los individuos genotipados según la clasificación de sus alelos como: N/N, N/R, N/S, R/R, R/S y S/S. Ningún animal fue positivo a la infección por B. bovis y por tanto no se realizaron estimaciones de asociación. La infección con B. bigemina fue del 13,1%. Se encontraron 36 alelos BoLA-DRB3,2, los más frecuentes fueron el *1101 (0,196), *20012 (0,097), *2006 (0,053) y *2703 (0,053). Se encontró una asociación positiva (p

scholarly journals Frequência de Babesia spp. em bezerras holandesas no município de Patos de Minas - MG / Babesia spp. occurance in holstine calves in Patos de Minas - MG

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 5782-5791
Author(s):  
Clelio de Souza Machado Neto ◽  
Alice Pratas Glycerio De Freitas ◽  
Dalton Cesar Rigueira Milagres
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Babesia Spp

 As babesioses bovinas tratam-se de doenças parasitárias causadas por Babesia bovis e Babesia bigemina, sendo que o único vetor biológico é o carrapato Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. O aspecto mais relevante da patogenicidade desse agente reside na anemia grave, ocasionando um alto índice de morbimortalidade nos rebanhos, além de queda da produção de leite e carne, abortos, redução de fertilidade, entre outros prejuízos. A raça holandesa tem origem nos países baixos europeus e tem sido evidenciada como uma das principais raças leiteiras entre as bovinas, sendo expandida a criação da mesma em quase todos os continentes. Todas as raças bovinas são suscetíveis à Babesia spp., mas o Bos indicus apresenta maior resistência do que o Bos taurus. O Brasil é considerado como um país enzoótico para a Babesiose devido à constante transmissão dos agentes. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é determinar a prevalência de infecção por Babesia bovis em bezerras da raça Holandesa no município de Patos de Minas, MG, através da análise de esfregaços de sangue periférico. O estudo foi realizado em 10 (dez) propriedades de rebanho leiteiro da raça Holandesa (HPB), no período de julho de 2016. Foram avaliadas bezerras entre 90 e 270 dias, utilizando-se amostras de sangue periférico de 160 animais destas propriedades. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que (46%) dos animais foram considerados infectados por Babesia spp., confirmando a presença deste hemoparasito no município Patos de Minas, MG.

scholarly journals Diagnóstico de Babesia bovis (Babesiidae) y Babesia bigemina (Babesiidae) en garrapatas recolectadas en los municipios Turbo y Necoclí (Antioquia) en 2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (111) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Juliana González Obando ◽  
Andrés Felipe Holguín Rocha ◽  
Alberto Tobón Castaño
Keyword(s):  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Babesia Spp

La babesiosis afecta principalmente a bovinos y humanos; en su transmisión están implicadas las garrapatas, particularmente Rhipicephalus microplus, especie distribuida ampliamente en Latinoamérica. El método diagnóstico utilizado para determinar la presencia de Babesia spp. en garrapatas es la microscopía de hemolinfa, diagnóstico menos sensible que la PCR, la cual tiene una sensibilidad entre 95%–100% y una especificidad del 100%. En Colombia, zonas como la Costa Atlántica, el Bajo Cauca y Urabá son ecológicamente aptas para la presencia del parásito y del vector, considerando que se han registrado garrapatas de los géneros Dermacentor, Amblyomma y Rhipicephalus, implicadas en la transmisión de diversos patógenos de interés médico y veterinario. El estudio de la dinámica de transmisión por garrapatas es esencial para la elaboración de estrategias de control adecuadas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar las especies de garrapatas presentes en predios ganaderos de la región de Urabá (Colombia) y su frecuencia de infección por Babesia bovis y B. bigemina. Se muestrearon 202 bovinos, en 30 predios de 15 localidades de los municipios Turbo y Necoclí. Se recolectaron 515 garrapatas; la especie predominante fue R. microplus 98% (507/515); la presencia del género Amblyomma estuvo asociada a predios aledaños de zonas boscosas. La frecuencia de infección en 162 subconjuntos de garrapatas (154 de R. microplus y 8 especímenes de A. cajennense) fue 18,5% (30/162), 15,4% (25/162) por B. bigemina, 4,9% (8/162) por B. bovis y 1,8% (3/162) de coinfección por estas especies. 

scholarly journals Seroprevalencia de babesiosis bovina en la hacienda Vegas de la Clara, Gómez Plata (Antioquia), 2008

2011 ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Zapata Salas ◽  
Natasha Lara Ramírez ◽  
Armando Baena Zapata ◽  
Julián Reyes Vélez ◽  
Leonardo Alberto Ríos Osorio
Keyword(s):  
Boophilus Microplus ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Babesia Spp

La babesiosis es una enfermedad del ganado bovino transmitida por la garrapata Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus y causada por los parásitos protozoarios Babesia bovis y B. bigemina. Una zona se considera epizootiológicamente estable frente a Babesia spp, cuando el 75% de los bovinos entre las edades de 3 a 9 meses son serorreactivos (IgG) frente a Babesia bovis y Babesia bigemina y no hay evidencia de signos clínicos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la seroprevalencia de Babesia bovis y Babesia bigemina en el ganado bovino de la hacienda Vegas de la Clara (Universidad de Antioquia, Gómez Plata, Antioquia), por medio de inmunofluorescencia indirecta. Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo con análisis de corte transversal. Fue evaluada toda la población bovina de la hacienda Vegas de la Clara (n = 118). Las muestras fueron evaluadas por inmunofluorescencia indirecta para la detección de anticuerpos tipo IgG específicos contra Babesia bovis y B. bigemina. La serorreactividad obtenida en los bovinos evaluados, para al menos una especie de Babesia fue del 89,8%, para Babesia bovis del 83,8%, mientras que para B. bigemina del 61%. Se obtuvo una relación estadísticamente significativa entre la serorreactividad para B. bigemina y la frecuencia del tratamiento garrapaticida. La serorreactividad indica estabilidad enzoótica en el hato para B. bovis, mientras que para B. bigemina se encontró que la frecuencia del tratamiento garrapaticida interrumpe su ciclo de transmisión.

scholarly journals PHENOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PEAR TREES (Pyrus communis L.) ‘PRINCESINHA’ UNDER SEMIARID CONDITIONS IN THE NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
INEZ VILAR DE MORAIS OLIVEIRA ◽  
PAULO ROBERTO COELHO LOPES ◽  
RAISSA RACHEL SALUSTRIANO DA SILVA-MATOS
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Pyrus Communis L ◽  
Phenological Cycle

ABSTRACT The study of phenology is fundamental in introducing cultivars into new regions, mainly in different conditions from those in which they are adapted. The study was conducted in order to characterize the phenological phases of pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivar ‘Princesinha’, determine the fixation of fruit rate and quantify the production, as well as to determine the interference of climatic factors on the duration the budding cycle, in the region of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, PE. To perform the phenological reviews four branches were marked in five plants and the data were expressed as percentage; the variables related to productivity were recorded in all orchard plants, data were submitted to descriptive analysis; climate data and phenological stages were submitted to simple correlation analysis. Under the climatic conditions of the São Francisco Valley the pear ‘Princesinha’ complete its phenological cycle in 167 days. The plants showed a 16.05% fruit set with productivity of 35.34 t.ha-1.

scholarly journals Characterization of cattle tick fever in calves from the northwestern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Bahia ◽  
Jullyana de Souza Silva ◽  
Iany Santos Gontijo ◽  
Matheus Dias Cordeiro ◽  
Priscilla Nunes dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Pcr Techniques

Abstract The present study aimed to characterize the importance of the Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina in the genesis of cattle tick fever (CTF) among dairy calves in the northwest of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Blood samples from 300 calves were collected, followed by DNA extraction and nested PCR using oligonucleotide primers to amplify fragments of the semi-nested for the msp5 gene (A. marginale), sbp-4 (B. bovis) and rap-1a (B. bigemina) Among the examined calves, the prevalence of A. marginale was 55.6% (n=167/300), B. bovis was 4.0% (n=12/300) and B. bigemina was 15.3% (n=46/300), by PCR techniques. Parasitic forms of A. marginale and B. bigemina were found in 36,3% and 2,6% of the blood smears while B. bovis was not detected. There was a statistical difference between the positivity of infected animals in the age groups 1 (10-70 days) and (>70-300 days) for A. marginale and B. bigemina. A total of 15 calves with the classic symptoms of disease were examined, and the samples obtained were confirmed as a simple infection by A. marginale through semi-nested PCR. These results confirm bovine anaplasmosis as the primary cause of CTF among the calves of dairy cattle within the studied area.

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