scholarly journals Detection of Porcine Circovirus 3 in Wildlife Species in Spain

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Czyżewska-Dors ◽  
José I. Núñez ◽  
Viviane Saporiti ◽  
Eva Huerta ◽  
Carme Riutord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Lepus Europaeus ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
European Rabbit ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 3 ◽  
Free Ranging

Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) is the third member of the family Circoviridae, genus Circovirus, able to infect swine. A high prevalence of viral DNA has been recorded in wild boars. Recently, PCV-3 DNA was identified in Italian wild ruminants. Based on these previous results, this study assessed the frequency of PCV-3 DNA detection in free-ranging ruminants and Lagomorpha species in Spain. In addition, the genetic characterization of the PCV-3 PCR-positive samples was performed. A total of 801 serum samples, including red deer (Cervus elaphus, [CE]; n = 108), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus, [CC]; n = 87), Pyrenean chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica, [RP]; n = 133), Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica, [CP]; n = 92), mouflon (Ovis aries, [OA]; n = 91), fallow deer (Dama dama, [DD]; n = 104), European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus, [OC]; n = 101), and European hare (Lepus europaeus, [LE]; n = 85) from Catalonia (northeast Spain) were tested by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and, when positive, sequenced. Overall, PCV-3 DNA was found in three out of 801 analyzed sera (0.37%) corresponding to one red deer (1/108, 0.9%), one mouflon (1/91, 1.1%), and one fallow deer (1/104, 0.96%). None of the samples collected from Lagomorpha species resulted PCR positive. The partial genome sequences detected in positive samples displayed high identity with some PCV-3 sequences detected in wild boars and domestic pigs (99.7% and 100%, respectively). In conclusion, the present study indicated that free-ranging ruminant and Lagomorpha species are not relevant in the epidemiology of PCV-3 in Spain.

PCR-RFLP Authentication of Meats from Red Deer (Cervus elaphus), Fallow Deer (Dama dama),Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus), Cattle (Bos taurus), Sheep (Ovis aries), and Goat (Capra hircus)

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1144-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Fajardo ◽  
Isabel González ◽  
Inés López-Calleja ◽  
Irene Martín ◽  
Pablo E. Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Pcr Rflp

scholarly journals Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia Species of Sympatric Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus), Fallow Deer (Dama dama), Sika Deer (Cervus nippon) and Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) in Germany

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 968
Author(s):  
Cornelia Silaghi ◽  
Julia Fröhlich ◽  
Hubert Reindl ◽  
Dietmar Hamel ◽  
Steffen Rehbein
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Babesia Species ◽  
Free Ranging

(1) Background: Wild cervids play an important role in transmission cycles of tick-borne pathogens; however, investigations of tick-borne pathogens in sika deer in Germany are lacking. (2) Methods: Spleen tissue of 74 sympatric wild cervids (30 roe deer, 7 fallow deer, 22 sika deer, 15 red deer) and of 27 red deer from a farm from southeastern Germany were analyzed by molecular methods for the presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia species. (3) Results: Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia DNA was demonstrated in 90.5% and 47.3% of the 74 combined wild cervids and 14.8% and 18.5% of the farmed deer, respectively. Twelve 16S rRNA variants of A. phagocytophilum were delineated. While the infection rate for A. phagocytophilum among the four cervid species was similar (71.4% to 100%), it varied significantly for Babesia between roe deer (73.3%), fallow deer (14.3%), sika deer (27.3%) and red deer (40.0%). Deer ≤2 years of age tested significantly more often positive than the older deer for both A. phagocytophilum and Babesia species. (4) Conclusions: This study confirms the widespread occurrence of A. phagocytophilum and Babesia species in wild cervids and farmed red deer in Germany and documents the co-occurrence of the two tick-borne pathogens in free-ranging sika deer.

scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of Porcine Circovirus 3 Strains Circulating in Sardinian Pigs and Wild Boars

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Silvia Dei Giudici ◽  
Giulia Franzoni ◽  
Piero Bonelli ◽  
Pier Paolo Angioi ◽  
Susanna Zinellu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Haplotype Network ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Nonsynonymous Mutation ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 3 ◽  
Free Ranging

Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) is a recently discovered member of the Circoviridae family. So far, its presence has been reported in North America, Asia, South America, and Europe. In this study, blood and tissue samples from 189 Sardinian suids (34 domestic pigs, 115 feral free ranging pigs, and 39 wild boars) were used to genetically characterize the PCV3 strains from Sardinia. PCV3 infection in the animals was confirmed by real time PCR. The detection rate in the three groups analyzed was l7.64% in domestic pigs, 77.39% in free ranging pigs, and 61.54% in wild boars. Moreover, our results showed that co-infection of PCV3 with other viruses is quite a common occurrence. Molecular characterization of Sardinian PCV3 strains was performed by sequencing 6 complete genomes and 12 complete cap genes. Our results revealed that there is a high similarity between our strains and those identified in different countries, confirming the genetic stability of PCV3 regardless of geographical origin. Haplotype network analysis revealed the presence of 6 whole genomes or 12 unique ORF2 haplotypes and a nonsynonymous mutation in ORF2 that leads to an R14K amino acid substitution. Phylogenetic analysis of whole genome and ORF2 was also conducted. The Sardinian strains were allocated in three different clusters of phylogenetic trees of both complete genome and ORF2. With this study, we have provided a snapshot of PCV3 circulation in Sardinia. Our findings might help to achieve a deeper understanding of this emerging porcine virus.

scholarly journals Bioarcheological Indicators Related to Human–Environmental Interactions in a Roman–Byzantine Settlement in Southeast Romania: Ibida Fortress

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402096966
Author(s):  
Simina Stanc ◽  
Mihaela Danu ◽  
Dorel Paraschiv ◽  
Luminița Bejenaru
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Lepus Europaeus ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Metal Artifacts ◽  
Open Environment ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
Environmental Interactions

The Roman–Byzantine fortress of (L)Ibida (Slava Rusă, Tulcea County, Romania) has preserved archeozoological and archeobotanical remains (i.e., phytoliths) that allowed an evaluation of the human–environmental interactions in that period. Bringing together bioarcheological data, this study contributes to understand the subsistence economy during a period of sociopolitical changes in the region. The stratigraphical sequences and the preliminary observations made on the archeological materials (ceramics, metal artifacts, coins) indicate a relative chronology beginning with the second to third centuries AD and lasting until the sixth century AD. Phytolith analysis highlights the clear domination of the grasses (Poaceae) and indicates the presence of cereals within the fortress. In the surroundings of the fortress, it appears to have existed an open environment. Although modest, the percentage of the Spheroid phytoliths suggests the presence of woody dicots, indicating the fact that the wooded surfaces existed near the fortress. The archeozoological data confirm the fact that the fortress was placed in an open environment, where people bred especially cattle ( Bos taurus) and sheep/goat flocks ( Ovis aries/Capra hircus), and they hunted species such as hare ( Lepus europaeus); also, the forest existed nearby, as indicate the remains of hunted species, among which we found the red deer ( Cervus elaphus) and the wild boar ( Sus scrofa).

scholarly journals Comparative sex chromosome hybridizations in Ruminantia

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kozubska-Sobocińska ◽  
Barbara Rejduch ◽  
Barbara Danielak-Czech ◽  
Marek Babicz ◽  
Agnieszka Bąk
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Molecular Probes ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Syntenic Conservation ◽  
Acrocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Painting Probes

AbstractThe syntenic conservation nature of some chromosomes enables the use of several molecular probes obtained from one species of animals to detect homologous DNA segments in other species. The aim of this study was to analyse homology between sex chromosomes in several species belonging to the suborder Ruminantia (sheep - Ovis aries, fallow deer - Dama dama, aoudad - Ammotragus lervia, red deer - Cervus elaphus) using bovine heterosome painting probes in FISH technique. The results obtained showed strong red fluorescence signals in small metacentric heterosomes Y and distinct yellow-green signals in large acrocentric chromosomes X of all compared species.

scholarly journals Metagenomic analysis of the cow, sheep, reindeer and red deer rumen

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Glendinning ◽  
Buğra Genç ◽  
R. John Wallace ◽  
Mick Watson
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Metagenomic Analysis ◽  
Reference Dataset ◽  
Microbial Genomes ◽  
Ruminant Species

AbstractThe rumen microbiota comprises a community of microorganisms which specialise in the degradation of complex carbohydrates from plant-based feed. These microbes play a highly important role in ruminant nutrition and could also act as sources of industrially useful enzymes. In this study, we performed a metagenomic analysis of samples taken from the ruminal contents of cow (Bos Taurus), sheep (Ovis aries), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus). We constructed 391 metagenome-assembled genomes originating from 16 microbial phyla. We compared our genomes to other publically available microbial genomes and found that they contained 279 novel species. We also found significant differences between the microbiota of different ruminant species in terms of the abundance of microbial taxonomies, carbohydrate-active enzyme genes and KEGG orthologs. We present a dataset of rumen-derived genomes which in combination with other publicly-available rumen genomes can be used as a reference dataset in future metagenomic studies.

Characterization of Rhodococcus equi isolates from submaxillary lymph nodes of wild boars (Sus scrofa), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)

2014 ◽  
Vol 172 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Rzewuska ◽  
Lucjan Witkowski ◽  
Agata A. Cisek ◽  
Ilona Stefańska ◽  
Dorota Chrobak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Rhodococcus Equi ◽  
Wild Boars

scholarly journals Lesion Distribution and Epidemiology ofMycobacterium bovisin Elk and White-Tailed Deer in South-Western Manitoba, Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd K. Shury ◽  
Doug Bergeson
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Small Core ◽  
The Core ◽  
Free Ranging ◽  
Culture Positive

Surveillance forMycobacterium bovisin free-ranging elk (Cervus elaphus) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) from south-western Manitoba was carried out from 1997 to 2010 to describe the lesions, epidemiology, and geographic distribution of disease. Tissues were cultured from animals killed by hunters, culled for management, blood-tested, or found opportunistically. Period prevalence in elk was approximately six times higher than deer, suggesting a significant reservoir role for elk, but that infected deer may also be involved. Prevalence was consistently higher in elk compared to deer in a small core area and prevalence declines since 2003 are likely due to a combination of management factors instituted during that time. Older age classes and animals sampled from the core area were at significantly higher risk of being culture positive. Positive elk and deer were more likely to be found through blood testing, opportunistic surveillance, and culling compared to hunting. No non-lesioned, culture-positive elk were detected in this study compared to previous studies in red deer.

scholarly journals Glycolytic potential and ultimate muscle pH values in red deer (Cervus elaphus) and fallow deer (Dama dama)

Rangifer ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Wiklund ◽  
Timothy R. Manley ◽  
Roger P. Littlejohn
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Total Glucose ◽  
The Relationship

The ultimate pH value of meat (measured at approx. 24 hours post slaughter) gives information about the technological quality, i.e. shelf life, colour, water-holding properties and tenderness and is a direct consequence of muscle glycogen (energy) levels at slaughter. It may therefore also indicate whether or not the animal has been exposed to stressful energy depleting events prior to slaughter. In the present study, 141 animals (130 red deer (Cervus elaphus) and 11 fallow deer (Dama dama) were included to investigate the relationship between ultimate pH and residual glycogen concentration in red deer and fallow deer M. longissimus. In addition, the muscle glycogen content and ultimate pH values in three red deer muscles (Mm. triceps brachii, longissimus and biceps femoris) were studied. M. triceps brachii had higher ultimate pH and lower glycogen content compared with the other two studied muscles. The frequency of intermediate DFD (5.8≤ pH<6.2) was 5.4% in red deer M. longissimus, compared with 9.1% in fallow deer, while the frequency of DFD (pH≥ 6.2) was much lower in red deer (3.8%) than in fallow deer (54.5%). A curvilinear relationship between ultimate pH and total glucose concentration (glycogen and glucose) 30 min post slaughter in red deer and fallow deer M. longissimus was found. The relationship between muscle pH and lactic acid concentration however, was indicated to be linear. A significant variation in total glucose concentration at ultimate pH below 5.80 was observed, including values in the range from 18 to 123 mmol/kg wet tissue. It was concluded that further studies are needed to further explore the relationship between muscle glycogen content and technological and sensory quality attributes of meat from different deer species.Abstract in Swedish / Sammanfattning:Köttets pH-värde (mätt ca 24 timmar efter slakt) har stor betydelse för den teknologiska kvaliteten som t. ex. hållbarhet, färg, vattenhållande förmåga och mörhet. Glykogenförrådet (energinivån) i djurens muskulatur vid slakt är helt avgörande för köttets slutliga pH-värde. Därför kan pH-värdet också indikera om hanteringen av slaktdjur varit skonsam eller om stora mängder muskelenergi har förbrukats vid stress. I vår undersökning ingick 141 hjortar (130 kronhjortar (Cervus elaphus) och 11 dovhjortar (Dama dama) för att studera sambandet mellan köttets pH-värde och glykogeninnehållet i M. longissimus. Glykogeninnehåll och pH-värden i 3 muskler från kronhjort (Mm. triceps brachii, longissimus och biceps femoris) undersöktes också. M. triceps brachii hade högre pH-värde och lägre glykogeninnehåll jämfört med de två andra musklerna. Det var inte så stor skillnad i frekvensen av intermediär DFD (pH-värden mellan 5,8 og 6,2) mellan de två hjortarterna (5,4% för kronhjort och 9,1% för dovhjort), däremot var frekvensen av DFD (pH-värden över 6,2) mycket låg hos kronhjort (3,8%) jämfört med dovhjort (54,5%). Det fanns ett kurvlinjärt samband mellan slutligt pH-värde i köttet och total glukoskoncentration (glykogen + glukos) mätt i M. longissimus 30 min efter slakt för både kron- och dovhjort. Ett linjärt samband mellan pH-värde och koncentration av mjölksyra i M. longissimus kunde också visas. Vi fann en mycket stor varitation i glukoskoncentration (18−123 mmol/kg våtvikt) när köttets pH-värdet var 5,8 eller lägre. Det behövs fler undersökningar för att vidare klargöra sambanden mellan glykogeninnehåll i muskulaturen och teknologisk och sensorisk kvalitet i olika typer av hjortkött.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document