Elevated Baseline Salivary Protease Activity May Predict the Steadiness of Gingival Inflammation During Periodontal Healing: A 12-Week Follow-Up Study on Adults

Aim was to profile salivary total protease, Porphyromonas gingivalis gingipain, and neutrophil elastase activities in relation to the resolution of periodontal inflammation, salivary macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α concentrations. Nonsurgical periodontal treatment was performed in 24 periodontitis patients in a prospective interventional study design. Periodontal clinical parameters were recorded, and stimulated saliva samples were collected at baseline and 2, 6, and 12 weeks after treatment. Salivary total protease and gingipain activities were determined using fluorogenic substrates, elastase activity by chromogenic substrates, and cytokine concentrations by Luminex immunoassay. For statistical analyses, generalized linear mixed models for repeated measures were used. Salivary total protease activity elevated, while gingival inflammation and plaque accumulation decreased 2 and 6 weeks after periodontal therapy. Salivary MDC concentration was elevated 12 weeks after periodontal treatment. Patients with elevated protease activities at baseline in comparison to patients with low baseline total protease activities, had higher levels of gingival inflammation before and after periodontal treatment. In conclusion, elevations in salivary total protease activity seem to be part of periodontal healing at its early phases. Higher levels of salivary total protease activities before periodontal treatment may predict the severity and steadiness of unresolved gingival inflammation.

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Treatment of Chronic Phantom Limb Pain Using a Trauma-Focused Psychological Approach

Pain Research and Management ◽

10.1155/2010/981634 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 65-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

C de Roos ◽

AC Veenstra ◽

A de Jongh ◽

ME den Hollander-Gijsman ◽

NJA van der Wee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pain Intensity ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Psychological Treatment ◽

Phantom Limb Pain ◽

Phantom Limb ◽

Limb Pain ◽

Before And After

BACKGROUND: Chronic phantom limb pain (PLP) is a disabling chronic pain syndrome for which regular pain treatment is seldom effective. Pain memories resulting from long-lasting preamputation pain or pain flashbacks, which are part of a traumatic memory, are reported to be powerful elicitors of PLP.OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether a psychological treatment directed at processing the emotional and somatosensory memories associated with amputation reduces PLP.METHODS: Ten consecutive participants (six men and four women) with chronic PLP after leg amputation were treated with eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Pain intensity was assessed during a two-week period before and after treatment (mean number of sessions = 5.9), and at short- (three months) and long-term (mean 2.8 years) follow-up.RESULTS: Multivariate ANOVA for repeated measures revealed an overall time effect (F[2, 8]=6.7; P<0.02) for pain intensity. Pairwise comparison showed a significant decrease in mean pain score before and after treatment (P=0.00), which was maintained three months later. All but two participants improved and four were considered to be completely pain free at three months follow-up. Of the six participants available at long-term follow-up (mean 2.8 years), three were pain free and two had reduced pain intensity.CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary results suggest that, following a psychological intervention focused on trauma or pain-related memories, substantial long-term reduction of chronic PLP can be achieved. However, larger outcome studies are required.

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Effects of At-home Bleaching in Smokers: 30-month Follow-up

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/16-126-c ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 572-580 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JL de Geus ◽

E Fernández ◽

S Kossatz ◽

AD Loguercio ◽

A Reis

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Dental Bleaching ◽

Dental Prophylaxis ◽

Daily Food ◽

Repeated Measures Analysis ◽

Before And After ◽

Assessment Time ◽

Shade Guide ◽

At Home

SUMMARY Objective: This clinical study evaluated the color longevity after 30 months of at-home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) in smokers and nonsmokers. Methods: Sixty patients, 30 smokers and 30 nonsmokers, were subjected to bleaching with 10% CP (Whiteness Perfect–FGM) for three hours daily for three weeks. The color was measured at baseline and at one month and 30 months after the completion of dental bleaching using the shade guide Vita classical organized by value (ΔSGU) and the shade guide Vita Bleachedguide 3D-MASTER. At the 30-month recall, the color was assessed before and after dental prophylaxis. Data from color evaluation were analyzed by two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and Tukey test for the contrast of means (α=0.05). Results: Twenty-one smokers and 22 nonsmokers attended the 30 month recall. For both shade guides, only the main factor of assessment time was statistically significant (p<0.001). Effective whitening was observed in both groups at the baseline, which was stable at one month. However, color rebound was observed after 30 months for both groups of participants when color was measured before and after dental prophylaxis. Conclusion: Thirty months after at-home bleaching with 10% CP gel, dental darkening was detected in both groups, which cannot be solely attributed to stains caused by extrinsic staining from daily food, drinks, and smoke (in smokers).

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Contribution of Statins towards Periodontal Treatment: A Review

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2019/6367402 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Catherine Petit ◽

Fareeha Batool ◽

Isaac Maximiliano Bugueno ◽

Pascale Schwinté ◽

Nadia Benkirane-Jessel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Host Response ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Periodontal Treatment ◽

Bacterial Clearance ◽

Systemic Delivery ◽

Periodontal Inflammation ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

Periodontal Healing

The pleiotropic effects of statins have been evaluated to assess their potential benefit in the treatment of various inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases including periodontitis. Herein, the adjunctive use of statins in periodontal therapy in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical trials was reviewed. Statins act through several pathways to modulate inflammation, immune response, bone metabolism, and bacterial clearance. They control periodontal inflammation through inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines and promotion of anti-inflammatory and/or proresolution molecule release, mainly, through the ERK, MAPK, PI3-Akt, and NF-κB pathways. Moreover, they are able to modulate the host response activated by bacterial challenge, to prevent inflammation-mediated bone resorption and to promote bone formation. Furthermore, they reduce bacterial growth, disrupt bacterial membrane stability, and increase bacterial clearance, thus averting the exacerbation of infection. Local statin delivery as adjunct to both nonsurgical and surgical periodontal therapies results in better periodontal treatment outcomes compared to systemic delivery. Moreover, combination of statin therapy with other regenerative agents improves periodontal healing response. Therefore, statins could be proposed as a potential adjuvant to periodontal therapy. However, optimization of the combination of their dose, type, and carrier could be instrumental in achieving the best treatment response.

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Changes in prescription of antidepressants and disability pension due to back pain, compared with other musculoskeletal and other somatic diagnoses: a cohort study in Sweden

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029836 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e029836

Author(s):

Annina Ropponen ◽

Syed Ghulam Rahman ◽

Pia Svedberg ◽

Magnus Helgesson ◽

Thomas Ernst Dorner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Back Pain ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Disability Pension ◽

Population Based ◽

Swedish Population ◽

Antidepressant Prescription ◽

Before And After

ObjectivesThe aim was to investigate differences in the prescription of antidepressants during the transition to disability pension (DP) comparing DP due to back pain with DP due to other musculoskeletal and DP due to other somatic diagnoses.DesignA population-based cohort study with follow-up 3 years before and after the event. Estimated prevalence and adjusted ORs with 95% CIs for antidepressant prescription were computed for the 7-year window (ie, t-3 to t+3) around the DP by generalised estimating equations for repeated measures.Setting and participantsThis Swedish population-based nationwide study with registry data included individuals aged 18–64 years, with DP due to back pain (n=2011), DP due to other musculoskeletal (n=3548) or DP due to other somatic diagnoses (n=11 809).Primary outcome measuresPrescription of antidepressants.ResultsBefore DP, the prevalence of prescription of antidepressants was stable in DP due to back pain, but increased for the other DP groups. Similarly, the likelihood of prescription increased only marginally before DP due to back pain (ORs from 0.86 at t-3 to 1.10 at t-1), but clearly in DP due to musculoskeletal (from 0.42 to 1.15) and somatic diagnoses (from 0.29 to 0.98). Both prevalence measures and risks remained at the elevated levels after DP.ConclusionsPathways to DP due to musculoskeletal and somatic diagnoses seem to be partly driven by adverse mental health, which remains at a higher level after DP. The increasing prescription of antidepressants prior to DP suggests that special attention should be paid to mental health for prevention of DP. The period after DP needs attention to avoid deterioration of mental health.

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Assessment of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 diabetics before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment. A short-term follow-up study

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences ◽

10.20396/bjos.v17i0.8652907 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. e18154

Author(s):

Wendy Esther Velasco-Corredor ◽

Gloria Cristina Aranzazu Moya ◽

Anne Alejandra Hernández Castañeda ◽

Otero Johanna ◽

Dagmar de Paula Queluz

Keyword(s):

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Periodontal Treatment ◽

Time Period ◽

Type 2 Diabetics ◽

Before And After ◽

Short Time ◽

Oral Hygiene Instruction ◽

Root Planning

Aim: To evaluate glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) before and after non-surgical periodontal treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2). Methods: Twenty subjects diagnosed with periodontitis and DM-2 were treated using an NSPT protocol. Periodontal examination and blood measurements were performed at baseline and after three months. Patients with DM-2 treated for at least a year, with at least 10 teeth and with probing depths between 4-6 mm in more than three regions were included. The variables evaluated were HbA1c in blood and periodontal measures (probing depths, insertion level, gingival bleeding on probing, dental plaque, calculus, inflammation, clinical attachment and mobility). All patients were informed of the conditions of the therapy used. Scaling and root planning (SRP) of the full mouth was performed using an ultrasonic scaler and hand instrument under local anesthesia, supragingival prophylaxis and oral hygiene instruction. Also, 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate was formulated twice a day for two weeks. Statistical analyses were performed using StataIC 14. The values are shown as the mean, median and standard deviation (SD) or interquartile rank (IR), and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Twenty subjects completed the three-month follow-up and were included in the analysis. Three months after the non-surgical periodontal treatment, most periodontal parameters had a meaningful reduction (p< 0.05) and a large effect size >0.8. Clinical attachment level showed no improvement. The HbA1c values were not significantly decreased (p=0.94). Conclusions: Although non-surgical periodontal therapy eliminates local inflammation, it is insufficient to significantly reduce HbA1c levels in a short time period.

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Clinical experience of extreme lateral interbody fusion in the treatment of lumbar spondylodiscitis

European Journal of Inflammation ◽

10.1177/20587392211039934 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 205873922110399

Author(s):

Jiaqi Li ◽

Peng Zhang ◽

Chenghao Dou ◽

Wei Zhang

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Interbody Fusion ◽

Operation Time ◽

Clinical Effectiveness ◽

Perioperative Period ◽

Lateral Interbody Fusion ◽

Before And After ◽

Extreme Lateral Interbody Fusion ◽

Lateral Interbody

Introduction Up to now, there were few studies on extreme lateral interbody fusion (XLIF) surgery for lumbar spondylodiscitis. This study was aimed to evaluate clinical effectiveness and provide more information for XLIF in the treatment of lumbar spondylodiscitis. Methods We retrospectively collected cases of XLIF for the treatment of lumbar spondylodiscitis from September 2017 to February 2020. There were 8 cases of non-specific infection of lumbar spine, 4 cases of lumbar tuberculosis, and 1 case of lumbar brucellosis. Basic information, antibiotic application, and inflammatory index were collected before and after surgery. Clinical effectiveness was evaluated at baseline and in 3, 6, and 12 months after the surgery with visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI). The comparison of the indicators before and after the operation was performed by repeated measures analysis of variance. Results The average intraoperative blood loss and operation time was 70mL and 99.23 min, respectively. The study consisted of 13 cases with single segment operation. The average follow-up time was 16.54 months. No sign of recurrence of spondylodiscitis occurred at last follow-up. Postoperative VAS and ODI were significantly decreased after the operation. No major blood vessels, nerves, or organ damage occurred during the perioperative period. Conclusion XLIF has shown good clinical effectiveness in the treatment of lumbar spondylodiscitis with advantages of less bleeding and less tissue damage in the present study. More multi-center prospective comparative studies are needed to further verify the clinical effectiveness of this procedure in lumbar spondylodiscitis.

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Headstand for Rotator Cuff Tear: Shîrshâsana or Surgery

International Journal of Yoga Therapy ◽

10.17761/ijyt.16.1.l3p3u261u8522451 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 39-47

Author(s):

Loren Fishman ◽

Caroline Konnoth ◽

Alena Polesin

Keyword(s):

Rotator Cuff ◽

Rotator Cuff Tear ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Shoulder Abduction ◽

Inverted Position ◽

Clinical Criteria ◽

Repeated Measures Design ◽

Cuff Tear ◽

Before And After

Objective: Pilot study to demonstrate and explain the enabling effects of headstand and chair-supported headstand in the clinical management of patients with rotator cuff tear, also known as rotator cuff syndrome (RCS). Design: Prospective, unblinded single exposure study with repeated-measures design. Setting: Private outpatient medical office. Participants: Ten patients meeting clinical criteria for rotator cuff syndrome (RCS). MRI confirmed severe or total thickness tear of either the supraspinatus or infraspinatus muscles or both. Intervention: Participants were taught a version of shîrshâsana (headstand), and remained in the inverted position for 30 seconds. Participants practiced the inversion for 30 seconds once a day for six weeks thereafter. Data: Patients were tested for maximal voluntary abduction and flexion of the neutrally positioned arm, then rated their pain on maximal abduction before and after being taught a version of headstand, and at a six-week follow-up. Outcome Measures: Immediate (post-headstand) and six-week change in function, measured by active range of abduction and flexion of the neutrally positioned arm. Immediate (post-headstand) and six-week change in pain during abduction, measured by a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: Mean voluntary abduction and flexion increased from 85 degrees each to 158 degrees and 162 degrees respectively. Mean VAS pain rating during abduction fell from 4.8/10 to 1.2/10. Further Investigation: Electromyographic (EMG) interference pattern changes showed that the subscapularis, anterior and lateral deltoid, and rhomboid major were significantly more active electrophysiologically during headstand, and in abduction and flexion following headstand, than in abduction and flexion performed prior to headstand. MRI confirmed subscapularis activation in post-headstand shoulder abduction. Conclusions: Headstand and a chair-supported version of headstand appear to improve function in the upper extremity after rotator cuff injury. EMG suggests that the subscapularis holds down the head of the humerus while the deltoid abducts the shaft. Using these two muscles together for abduction and flexion, in place of the supraspinatus, appears to be learned through brief exposure to a version of headstand.

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Expression and Prognostic Significance of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-3 Alpha and Cystatin A in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/617143 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Minzhong Tang ◽

Ningjiang Ou ◽

Cheng Li ◽

Aiying Lu ◽

Jun Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Free Survival ◽

Positive Expression ◽

Inflammatory Protein ◽

Tumor Tissues ◽

Cystatin A ◽

Macrophage Inflammatory Protein ◽

Local Recurrence Free Survival

This study aims to investigate the expression of macrophage inflammatory protein-3 alpha (MIP-3α) and cystatin A in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and their association with clinical characteristics and prognosis. Primary tumor specimens from 114 NPC patients and associated clinical follow-up data were collected, and the expression of MIP-3αand cystatin A proteins was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Expression of MIP-3αwas significantly associated with TNM stage in patients with NPC (P<0.05). NPC patients with positive expression of MIP-3αexhibited shorter median overall survival (OS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), compared with patients with negative expression (OS: 50.5 months versus 59.0 months,P=0.013; DMFS: 50.1 months versus 60.2 months,P=0.003). NPC patients with positive expression of cystatin A exhibited shorter median OS, local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), and DMFS, compared with patients with negative expression (OS: 51.1 months versus 60.0 months,P=0.004; LRFS: 54.5 months versus 59.5 months,P=0.036; DMFS: 52.3 months versus 58.8 months,P=0.036). Both MIP-3αand cystatin A overexpressions in NPC tumor tissues were strong independent factors of poor prognosis in NPC patients. MIP-3αand cystatin A expressions may be valuable prognostic markers in NPC patients.

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THE EFFECT OF KAYEU LEARNING OUTSIDE THE CLASSRROM PRIMARY SCIENCE MODULE ON INTRINSIC MOTIVATION OF INDIGENOUS LEARNERS

Journal of Baltic Science Education ◽

10.33225/jbse/16.15.360 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 360-370

Author(s):

Cindy Wong Chyee Chen ◽

Kamisah Osman

Keyword(s):

Intrinsic Motivation ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Interaction Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Primary Science ◽

Ministry Of Education ◽

Significant Interaction Effect ◽

Before And After ◽

Indigenous Learners

In order to motivate indigenous learners to learn science and instil their positive attitude towards the subject, conducive and simulative learning environment need to be specifically designed for them. This research is aimed to determine the effect of Kayeu Learning Outside the Classroom (LOC) primary science module on intrinsic motivation of indigenous learners. The treatment group (n=38) used the Kayeu LOC primary science module while the control group (n=35) used the conventional module, which are materials mandated by Ministry of Education (MOE). Three-point Likert scale intrinsic motivation questionnaire consisting of general and science constructs was administered before and after T&L to both groups. Analysis of MANOVA repeated measures showed there were no significant effects of the groups and time on the intrinsic motivation, and there was no significant interaction effect between time and the groups on intrinsic motivation. However, follow-up simple interaction analysis found that there is a significant main effect of the time and significant effect of interactions between time and the groups on the general construct. Key words: indigenous learners, intrinsic motivation, Learning Outside the Classroom (LOC), primary science, teaching module.

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Evaluation of moving an acute psychiatric ward from a psychiatric hospital to a general hospital setting

Psychiatric Bulletin ◽

10.1192/pb.21.10.636 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

pp. 636-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Neil Rothwell ◽

Pauline McManus ◽

John Higgon

Keyword(s):

General Hospital ◽

Psychiatric Hospital ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

District General Hospital ◽

Psychiatric Ward ◽

Repeated Measures Design ◽

Before And After ◽

Acute Psychiatric Ward

This study evaluates the effects of moving an acute psychiatric ward from a psychiatric hospital to a district general hospital. A repeated measures design is used covering the three phases of shortly before and after the move and a follow-up 10 months after the move. Eleven measures were used including daily measures of patient disturbance and staff stress, length of stay, diagnosis and a consumer survey. Overall there was little change from before the move to follow-up. Two second-order variables relating to staff stress did, however, show a clear reduction.

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