scholarly journals Immunotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2003
Author(s):  
Yifeng Cao ◽  
Chuyang Chen ◽  
Yi Tao ◽  
Weifeng Lin ◽  
Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Tumor Vaccine ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by extensive tumor heterogeneity at both the pathologic and molecular levels, particularly accelerated aggressiveness, and terrible metastasis. It is responsible for the increased mortality of breast cancer patients. Due to the negative expression of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, the progress of targeted therapy has been hindered. Higher immune response in TNBCs than for other breast cancer types makes immunotherapy suitable for TNBC therapy. At present, promising treatments in immunotherapy of TNBC include immune checkpoints (ICs) blockade therapy, adoptive T-cell immunotherapy, and tumor vaccine immunotherapy. In addition, nanomedicines exhibit great potential in cancer therapy through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Immunotherapy-involved combination therapy may exert synergistic effects by combining with other treatments, such as traditional chemotherapy and new treatments, including photodynamic therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). This review focuses on introducing the principles and latest development as well as progress in using nanocarriers as drug-delivery systems for the immunotherapy of TNBC.

scholarly journals Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Adjuvant Therapeutic Options

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayca Gucalp ◽  
Tiffany A. Traina
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Targeted Agents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Disproportionate Number

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype distinguished by negative immunohistochemical assays for expression of the estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER/PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2) represents 15% of all breast cancers. Patients with TNBC generally experience a more aggressive clinical course with increased risk of disease progression and poorer overall survival. Furthermore, this subtype accounts for a disproportionate number of disease-related mortality in part due to its aggressive natural history and our lack of effective targeted agents beyond conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. In this paper, we will review the epidemiology, risk factors, prognosis, and the molecular and clinicopathologic features that distinguish TNBC from other subtypes of breast cancer. In addition, we will examine the available data for the use of cytotoxic chemotherapy in the treatment of TNBC in both the neoadjuvant and adjuvant setting and explore the ongoing development of newer targeted agents.

scholarly journals Overexpression of miRNA-3613-3p Enhances the Sensitivity of Triple Negative Breast Cancer to CDK4/6 Inhibitor Palbociclib

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanhang Yu ◽  
Han Liao ◽  
Rong Xie ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Renjing Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Predictive Biomarker ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Ki 67

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by lack of expression of the estrogen and progesterone receptors and HER2, which are common therapeutic targets. CDK4/6 inhibitor Palbociclib has been approved as an anti-cancer agent for breast cancer. However, identifying biomarkers that predict the response to Palbociclib has always been a challenge for molecular targeted therapy. In this study, we identify microRNA as a hallmark in TNBC patients and explore if miR-3613-3p might serve as a tumor suppressor biomarker for triple negative breast cancer patients and if overexpression of miR-3613-3p could enhance the sensitivity of TNBC cells to Palbociclib. We show that the expression of miR3613-3p was down-regulated in TNBC tumors and cells, and the overexpression of miR-3613-3p in patients’ tumor tissues was clinically and pathologically correlated with favorable prognosis, such as smaller tumor size and the lower Ki-67. In vitro, overexpression of miR-3613-3p inhibited cell proliferation, induced G1 cell-cycle arrest, and enhanced the sensitivity of TNBC cells to Palbociclib treatment. In vivo study revealed that overexpression of miR-3613-3p inhibited TNBC tumorigenesis and exerted a significant inhibitory effect of Palbociclib on MDA-MB-231 cells. Mechanically, SMAD2 and EZH2 were found to be two direct targets of miR-3613-3p and mediate the proliferation of TNBC cells and the sensitivity of the cells to Palbociclib through inducing cellular senescence. Our findings suggested that miR-3613-3p acts as a cancer-suppressor miRNA in TNBC. Moreover, our study showed that miR-3613-3p might be used as a predictive biomarker for the response of TNBC to Palbociclib.

scholarly journals Disease-free Probability and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Prakasit Chirappapha ◽  
Thongchai Sukarayothin ◽  
Yodying Wasuthit ◽  
Ronnarat Suvikapalornkul ◽  
Panuwat Lertsithichai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Local Recurrence ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Free Probability ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients

Objective: To compare the probabilities of local recurrence and distant metastasis between women with triple-negative and non- triple negative breast cancers. Methods: Medical and pathological records of breast cancer patients treated between the years 2002 and 2006 were reviewed. Results: There were 256 patients with complete data on estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) expression determinations. There were 54 patients (21%) with triple-negative (ER-, PR-, HER2 -) cancers. Triple-negative patients were more likely to have larger tumors with higher histologic grade. The median fallow-up time was 4 years. The probabilities of local and distant recurrence were similar between the two groups of patients. Only two factors were independently and significantly associated with overall recurrence: tumor stage and tumor size. Conclusion: Triple-negative breast cancer did not have a higher risk for both local recurrence and distant metastasis when compared with non-triple negative cancer.

The Use of Atezolizumab + Nab-Paclitaxel for Women with PD- L1 Positive Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Vahideh Beygi Rezagholi ◽  
Sheby Elsa George ◽  
Gouthami. U
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an uncommon subtype of breast cancer that constitutes 15-20% of cases which has a poorer prognosis and lower survival rates (approximately 18 months or less with available treatments) compared to other types of breast cancer. As the name suggests, TNBC is immunohistologically marked by the lack of expression of factors namely estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and lack of overexpression and/or amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/NEU gene. TNBC is characterized by high grades of Tumor-Infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), programmed-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) as observed in other cancers too. Hence, metastatic TNBC (mTNBC) therapy focuses on the advancement of immune checkpoint inhibitors which block the above immune checkpoint proteins. The use of Atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) in combination with nab-paclitaxel (chemotherapy agent) has been marked as a relevant advance in the treatment of metastatic, PD-L1-positive TNBC. It is better to consider advanced and approved diagnostic (VENTANA PD-L1 SP142 assay) in patients who get benefit from treatment with Atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel. Keywords: Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), Atezolizumab, Nab-paclitaxel, Chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Ethnicity-Related Survival Analysis of Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

10.29007/f7fq ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Owrang Ojaboni ◽  
Yasmine Kanaan ◽  
Robert Dewitty Jr
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lymph Node Status ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Clinical Difference

Breast cancer prognostication is a vital element for providing effective treatment for breast cancer patients. Different types of breast cancer can be identified based on the existence or lack of certain receptors (i.e., estrogen, progesterone, her2 receptors). Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by a lack of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression. Existing studies suggest that TNBC patients tend to have worse prognosis compared to non-TNBC counterparts. The incidence of breast cancer and prognosis in women differ according to ethnicity. Given the poor prognosis of TNBC, cancer-related outcomes must be estimated accurately. Several factors responsible for the poor clinical outcomes observed in TNBC, including age, race/ethnicity, grade, tumor size, lymph node status among others, have been studied extensively. Available research data are not conclusive enough to make a convincing argument for or against a biological or clinical difference in TNBC patients based on these factors. This study was designed to investigate the effects of the ethnicity on breast cancer survivability among TNBC patients utilizing population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data to confirm whether ethnicity factor has prognostic significance.

scholarly journals Possibilities of PET/CT with 18F-PSMA-1007 in the Diagnosis of Triple Negative Breast Cancer: a Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
A. V. Parnas ◽  
A. A. Odzharova ◽  
A. I. Pronin ◽  
V. S. Ilyakov ◽  
N. A. Meshcheryakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers and the leading cause of cancer death in women. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a specific subtype of breast cancer that does not express estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (RP) or human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), has certain clinical features, a tendency to relapses and poor prognosis. Various studies demonstrate that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is not strictly specific for prostate cancer, and can be produced by other tumor pathologies. In routine practice, PET/CT for TNBC is performed with 18F-FDG. However PET/CT with 18F-PSMA-1007 can be used as the method of choice with high theranostic potential. Here is a clinical case of a patient with TNBC who underwent PET/CT with 18F-FDG and 18F-PSMA-1007.

scholarly journals Establishing the promising role of novel combination of triple therapeutics delivery using polymeric nanoparticles for Triple negative breast cancer therapy

Bioimpacts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-207
Author(s):  
Ranjita Misra ◽  
Bamadeb Patra ◽  
Sudha Varadharaj ◽  
Rama Shanker Verma
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Parp Inhibitor ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Plga Nanoparticles ◽  
Advanced Degree ◽  
Simultaneous Activation

Introduction: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a lethal tumor with an advanced degree of metastasis and poor survivability as compared to other subtypes of breast cancer. TNBC which consists of 15 % of all types of breast cancer is categorized by the absence of expression of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). This is the main reason for the failure of current hormonal receptor-based therapies against TNBCs, thus leading to poor patient outcomes. Therefore, there is a necessity to develop novel therapies targeting this devastating disease. Methods: In this study, we have targeted TNBC by simultaneous activation of apoptosis through DNA damage via cytotoxic agent such as paclitaxel (PAC), inhibition of PARP activity via PARP inhibitor, olaparib (OLA) and inhibiting the activity of FOXM1 proto-oncogenic transcription factor by using RNA interference technology (FOXM1-siRNA) in nanoformulations. Experiments conducted in this investigation include cellular uptake, cytotoxicity and apoptosis study using MDA-MB-231 cells. Results: The present study validates that co-delivery of two drugs (PAC and OLA) along with FOXM1-siRNA by cationic NPs, enhances the therapeutic outcome leading to greater cytotoxicity in TNBC cells. Conclusion: The current investigation focuses on designing a multifunctional drug delivery platform for concurrent delivery of either PAC or PARP inhibitor (olaparib) and FOXM1 siRNA in chitosan-coated poly(D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) with the ability to emerge as a front runner therapeutic for TNBC therapy.

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