scholarly journals Intraoperative Control of Hemoglobin Oxygen Saturation in the Intestinal Wall during Anastomosis Surgery

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Daniil M. Kustov ◽  
Tatiana A. Savelieva ◽  
Timofey A. Mironov ◽  
Sergey S. Kharnas ◽  
Vladimir V. Levkin ◽  
...  

During surgery for colon cancer, monitoring of the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the tissues under study makes it possible to assess the degree of blood supply to the anastomosis areas of the colon. Adequate blood supply in this area is decisive in terms of the consistency of the anastomosis and can significantly reduce the risk leakage of anastomosis. In this work, we propose a new approach to assessing the hemoglobin oxygen saturation based on measuring both the diffuse reflectance and transmittance spectra of the colon wall tissues. The proposed method is based on the use of two fiber-optic tools for irradiation from both sides—the intestinal lumen and the outside of the intestinal wall. The spectra are recorded from the external side. To determine the degree of hemoglobin saturation, two algorithms, both based on the Taylor series expansion of the coefficient of light attenuation by tissues, are proposed. The results of a clinical study of the proposed approach on volunteers were obtained, allowing to draw a conclusion about the applicability of the approach in a clinical setting.

Author(s):  
А.А. Коваленко ◽  
Г.П. Титова ◽  
В.К. Хугаева

Оперативное лечение различных заболеваний кишечника сопровождается осложнениями в виде нарушений микроциркуляции в области анастомоза кишки. Ранее нами показана способность лимфостимуляторов пептидной природы восстанавливать нарушенную микроциркуляцию, что послужило основой для настоящего исследования. Цель работы - оценка влияния стимуляции лимфотока в стенке кишки на процессы восстановления микроциркуляции, структуры и функции тонкой кишки в области оперативного вмешательства. Методика. В экспериментах на наркотизированных крысах (хлоралгидрат в дозе 0,6 г/кг в 0,9% растворе NaCl) моделировали различные поражения тонкой кишки (наложение лигатуры, перевязка 1-3 брыжеечных артерий, перекрут петли кишки вокруг оси брыжейки, сочетание нескольких видов повреждений). Резекция поврежденного участка через 1 сут. с последующим созданием тонкокишечного анастомоза завершалась орошением операционного поля раствором пептида-стимулятора лимфотока (40 мкг/кг массы животного в 1 мл 0,9% раствора NaCl). На 7-е сут. после операции проводили гистологическое исследование фрагмента кишки в области анастомоза. Результаты. На 7-е сут. после резекции у выживших животных (летальность вследствие кишечной непроходимости составляла 30%) имеют место морфологические признаки острых сосудистых нарушений стенки кишки, изменений кровеносных и лимфатических микрососудов, интерстициальный отек всех слоев стенки кишки, дилатация просвета кишки, повреждение всасывающего эпителия ворсин с истончением щеточной каемки клеток, морфологические признаки гиперфункции бокаловидных клеток. Использование лимфостимулятора пептидной природы после операции увеличивало выживаемость животных на 24%. У части животных отмечалось уменьшение расширения просвета кишки, у других практически полная его нормализация. Восстанавливалась форма кишечных ворсин и распределение бокаловидных клеток. Отсутствовали признаки внутриклеточного и межмышечного отека. Отмечено умеренное полнокровие венул. Заключение. Использование лимфостимулятора при хирургическом лечении кишечной непроходимости увеличивает выживаемость животных на 24% по сравнению с контролем, способствует более раннему восстановлению структуры и функции тонкой кишки. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о перспективности использования стимуляции лимфотока при операциях на кишечнике. Surgical treatment of bowel diseases is associated with complications that cause microcirculatory disturbances in the anastomosis area and may lead to a fatal outcome. This study was based on our previous finding that peptide-type lymphatic stimulators are able to restore impaired microcirculation. The aim of this work was stimulating the lymph flow in the intestinal wall to facilitate recovery of microcirculation, structure and function of the small intestine in the area of surgical intervention. Methods. In experiments on anesthetized rats (0.6 g/kg chloral hydrate in 0.9% NaCl), various small bowel lesions were modeled (bowel ligation, ligation of 1-3 mesenteric arteries, gut torsion, combination of several lesion types). In 24 h, the damaged area was resected, and a small intestine anastomosis was creased. The surgery was completed with irrigation of the operative field with a solution of lymph flow stimulating peptide (40 мg/kg body weight in 1 ml of 0.9% NaCl). A gut fragment from the anastomosis area was examined histologically on day 7 after the surgery. Results. On the 7th day after removing the intestinal obstruction, the surviving animals (lethality 30%) had morphological signs of acute vascular disorders in the intestinal wall; changes in blood and lymphatic microvessels; interstitial edema of all intestinal wall layers; dilatation of the intestinal lumen; damage to the absorptive epithelium of villi with thinning of the brush border, and hyperfunction of mucous (goblet) cells. The use of the peptide after surgery increased the survival rate of animals by 24% and provided a smaller dilatation of the intestinal lumen in some animals. In other animals, the lumen recovered. The shape of intestinal villi and distribution of goblet cells were restored. Signs of intracellular and intermuscular edema were absent. Moderate venular congestion was noticed. Conclusion. Using the lymphatic stimulator in surgical treatment of intestinal obstruction increases the survival rate of animals by 24% compared to the control, facilitates earlier restoration of the small intestine structure and function. The obtained results indicated the effectiveness of lymphatic stimulation in intestinal surgery.


1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lash ◽  
H. G. Bohlen

These experiments determined whether a deficit in oxygen supply relative to demand could account for the sustained decrease in tissue PO2 observed during contractions of the spinotrapezius muscle in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Relative changes in blood flow were determined from measurements of vessel diameter and red blood cell velocity. Venular hemoglobin oxygen saturation measurements were performed by using in vivo spectrophotometric techniques. The relative dilation [times control (xCT)] of arteriolar vessels during contractions was as large or greater in SHR than in normotensive rats (Wistar-Kyoto), as were the increases in blood flow (2 Hz, 3.50 +/- 0.69 vs. 3.00 +/- 1.05 xCT; 4 Hz, 10.20 +/- 3.06 vs. 9.00 +/- 1.48 xCT; 8 Hz, 16.40 +/- 3.95 vs. 10.70 +/- 2.48 xCT). Venular hemoglobin oxygen saturation was lower in the resting muscle of SHR than of Wistar-Kyoto rats (31.0 +/= 3.0 vs. 43.0 +/- 1.9%) but was higher in SHR after 4- and 8-Hz contractions (4 Hz, 52.0 +/- 4.8 vs. 43.0 +/- 3.6%; 8 Hz, 51.0 +/- 4.6 vs. 41.0 +/- 3.6%). Therefore, an excess in oxygen delivery occurs relative to oxygen use during muscle contractions in SHR. The previous and current results can be reconciled by considering the possibility that oxygen exchange is limited in SHR by a decrease in anatomic or perfused capillary density, arteriovenular shunting of blood, or decreased transit time of red blood cells through exchange vessels.


2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-485
Author(s):  
Z M Abdurakhmanova ◽  
M R Ramazanov ◽  
E I Sigal

Aim. To improve the results of the surgical component in the treatment of a nodular form of breast cancer with lateral and central localization by analyzing hemoglobin oxygen saturation of arterial blood in the foci of breast cancer, regional lymph nodes and resection line of the breast. Methods. The study involved 175 patients with a nodular form of breast cancer with lateral and central localization (T23N12M0), including 86 in the main group and 89 in the comparison group. In the main group, hemoglobin oxygen saturation in arterial blood of the foci of breast cancer, parenchyma, pectoral muscles and regional lymph nodes was examined for spread of cancer during surgery for nodular breast cancer by using a device developed by us (patent RU 2581266). This examination was not performed in the comparison group. Histopathological examination of resection specimens revealed confirmation of the main foci of breast cancer and the presence of metastases in the regional lymph nodes and pectoral muscles of the breast. Statistical analysis of the data was performed by using the Statistica 10 software. The arithmetic mean, the standard error of the mean and the standard deviation were calculated for the quantitative indicators. Results. In the main group, 86 patients had no recurrence and metastases in the follow-up, while in the comparison group, cancer recurrence was identified in 89 patients and metastases was found during cytological and histological studies in 9 patients. Conclusion. Determination of hemoglobin oxygen saturation of arterial blood during surgery in the subclavian, axillary and subscapular lymph nodes as well as in the pectoralis major and minor muscles allows clarifying the distribution of breast cancer, specifying the scope of the operation and improving the results of the surgical component of breast cancer treatment (T23N12M0).


2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
O. C. Iacob

SummaryThe present study was carried out on 10 frogs, Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771), captured near the river Bahlui, Iasi, between April and May, 2019, for the study of digestive helminths and their effect on the digestive tract. Macroscopic examination of the general cavity revealed distension of the small intestine. The sectioning of the intestinal wall revealed a variable number of parasites (1 – 12) with a whitish cylindrical body, anchored in the duodenal mucosa. The morphological study of the parasites confirmed the species as Acantocephalus ranae. The prevalence of the infection was 60 % and the average intensity was 4.83 ± 4.15. Lesions of the small intestine were characterized by catarrhal enteritis, hemorrhagic spots and ulcers on the mucosa, occlusion and obstruction of the intestinal lumen. Histologically, eosinophilic inflammatory infiltrate in the glandular crypts, mucosal and submucosal edema, fibrosis and conjunctival hyperplasia, total mucosal atrophy, were found. The infection with Acanthocephalus ranae in Pelophylax ridibundus caused severe pathological changes, conditioned by the intensity of the infection, aspects revealed for the first time in Romania.


2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-273
Author(s):  
Tamas D. Ambrisko ◽  
Stephanie C. Dantino ◽  
Stephanie C. J. Keating ◽  
Danielle E. Strahl-Heldreth ◽  
Adrianna M. Sage ◽  
...  

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (1) ◽  
pp. H247-H255 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Swain ◽  
R. N. Pittman

We determined percent hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SO2) in arterioles and venules of the hamster retractor muscle at rest. We found that SO2 decreased from 69.9 +/- 1.4% (SE) in large input arterioles (first order, 1A, ID = 60 +/- 3 micron) to flow-weighted values of 56.7% in small arterioles (4A, ID = 20 +/- 1 micron), 51.3% in small venules (4V, ID = 28 +/- 1 micron), and to 50.6 +/- 1.0% in large venules (1V, ID = 147 +/- 13 micron). Thus approximately two-thirds of the net decline in SO2 for this tissue occurred by diffusion of oxygen from arterioles, whereas only about one-third occurred by diffusion from capillaries. Furthermore, no net shunting of oxygen from the arterioles to the venules was detected as evidenced by the absence of any significant change in venular SO2. By determining the SO2 at upstream and downstream ends of arterioles in four consecutive branching orders (1A-4A), we found that the decrease in SO2 per unit length (delta SO2/L) increased approximately 20-fold from 1A to 4A. This increase in delta SO2/L was directly proportional to estimated luminal minus tissue oxygen tension and inversely proportional to red blood cell flow.


2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Hollocks ◽  
Tessa B. Kok ◽  
Fenella J. Kirkham ◽  
Johanna Gavlak ◽  
Baba P. Inusa ◽  
...  

AbstractPrevious research has identified cognitive impairment in children with sickle cell anemia (SCA, Hemoglobin SS) compared with controls, partly accounted for by overt neuropathology after clinical stroke, “covert” (“silent”) infarction, and severity of anemia. However, cognitive deficits have also been identified in children with SCA with no history of stroke and a normal T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Our aim was to investigate whether nocturnal hemoglobin oxygen desaturation and sleep fragmentation could be associated with cognitive impairment in children with SCA. We assessed 10 children with SCA (9 with normal MRI) using neuropsychological measures of executive function. Cognitive assessment was immediately followed by overnight polysomnography to record nocturnal hemoglobin oxygen saturation and sleep arousals. Decreases in hemoglobin oxygen saturation and/or increased sleep arousals were associated with reduced performance on cognitive assessment. Nocturnal hemoglobin oxygen desaturation and sleep fragmentation may be a contributing factor to executive dysfunction in SCA. (JINS, 2012, 18, 168–173)


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