scholarly journals Resistance to Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus in Cucumis melo

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1077
Author(s):  
Leticia Ruiz ◽  
Carmelo López ◽  
Belén Picó ◽  
Dirk Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
European Isolate ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Asian Strain ◽  
Cucumis Species ◽  
Asian Isolate ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is a severe threat to melon production worldwide. At present, there are no cultivars available on the market which show an effective resistance or tolerance to CGMMV infection; only wild Cucumis species were reported as resistant. Germplasm accessions of Cucumis melo, as well as C. anguria, C. ficifolius, C. myriocarpus and C. metuliferus, were mechanically infected with isolates belonging to the European and Asian strain of CGMMV and screened for resistance by scoring symptom severity and comparing the accumulation of virus by qRT-PCR. The wild species C. anguria and C. ficifolius showed no symptoms and did not accumulate CGGMV following inoculation, while C. metuliferus was highly susceptible to the isolates of both strains of CGMMV. The virus accumulated also in C. myriocarpus and the European isolate produced symptoms, but the Asian isolate did not. Thirty C. melo accessions were susceptible to CGMMV. An isolate-dependent expression of symptoms was observed in 16 melon accessions: they showed mild and severe symptoms at 14 and 21 days after inoculation with the European and Asian isolate, respectively. Freeman’s Cucumber showed few or no symptoms following inoculation with the isolate of either CGMMV strain. This particular accession also showed reduced virus accumulation, whereas most other tested germplasm accessions showed significantly higher viral loads and, therefore, may well be a candidate for breeding programs aiming to reduce the losses produced by CGMMV with resistant commercial melon cultivars.

scholarly journals 520. Longitudinal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Viruses in Hospitalized Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S325-S326
Author(s):  
Lacy Simons ◽  
Ramon Lorenzo-Redondo ◽  
Hannah Nam ◽  
Scott C Roberts ◽  
Michael G Ison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been accompanied by the emergence of viral mutations, some of which may have distinct virological and clinical consequences. While whole genome sequencing efforts have worked to map this viral diversity at the population level, little is known about how SARS-CoV-2 may diversify within a host over time. This is particularly important for understanding the emergence of viral resistance to therapeutic interventions and immune pressure. The goal of this study was to assess the change in viral load and viral genome sequence within patients over time and determine if these changes correlate with clinical and/or demographic parameters. Methods Hospitalized patients admitted to Northwestern Memorial Hospital with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test were enrolled in a longitudinal study for the serial collection of nasopharyngeal specimens. Swabs were administered to patients by hospital staff every 4 ± 1 days for up to 32 days or until the patients were discharged. RNA was extracted from each specimen and viral loads were calculated by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). Specimens with qRT-PCR cycle threshold values less than or equal to 30 were subject to whole viral genome sequencing by reverse transcription, multiplex PCR, and deep sequencing. Variant populations sizes were estimated and subject to phylogenetic analysis relative to publicly available SARS-CoV-2 sequences. Sequence and viral load data were subsequently correlated to available demographic and clinical data. Results 60 patients were enrolled from March 26th to June 20th, 2020. We observed an overall decrease in nasopharyngeal viral load over time across all patients. However, the temporal dynamics of viral load differed on a patient-by-patient basis. Several mutations were also observed to have emerged within patients over time. Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 viral loads in serially collected nasopharyngeal swabs in hospitalized adults as determined by qRT-PCR. Samples were collected every 4 ± 1 days (T#1–8) and viral load is displayed by log(copy number). Conclusion These data indicate that SARS-CoV-2 viral loads in the nasopharynx decrease over time and that the virus can accumulate mutations during replication within individual patients. Future studies will examine if some of these mutations may provide fitness advantages in the presence of therapeutic and/or immune selective pressures. Disclosures Michael G. Ison, MD MS, AlloVir (Consultant)

scholarly journals Nuevos registros de aislamientos del Cucumber mosaic virus y su RNA satélite en Colima, México

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Valadez-Ramírez ◽  
Javier Paz-Román ◽  
Salvador Guzmán-González ◽  
Marco Tulio Buenrostro-Nava ◽  
Daniel Leobardo Ochoa-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Impacto Económico

El <em>Cucumber mosaic virus</em> (CMV) ocasiona una de las enfermedades virales más importantes a nivel mundial en plantas silvestres y cultivadas. En México son pocos los estudios que se han abordado con este virus, y dada su amplia gama de hospedantes e impacto económico, es necesario contar con mayor información de su presencia y distribución en zonas de importancia agrícola como las del estado de Colima. En este trabajo, se reportan nuevos aislamientos del CMV identificados por RT-PCR, secuenciación de DNA y su análisis filogenético: CMV-Vin en vinca (<em>Catharanthus roseus</em>), CMV-Chi en chile jalapeño (<em>Capsicum annuum</em>) y CMV-Tom en tomate saladette (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em>). Se confirmó, además, la presencia del CMV en melón cantaloupe (<em>Cucumis melo</em>) (CMV-Mel). Los aislamientos CMV-Vin, CMV-Chi y CMV-Mel agruparon en el subgrupo IB, mientras que CMV-Tom agrupó en el subgrupo IA de CMV. De estos aislamientos, sólo CMV-Vin evidenció la presencia de un RNA satélite (satRNA Vin) sin dominio necrogénico. Este es el primer reporte de la presencia del CMV en vinca, chile y tomate y de un RNA satélite en vinca en Colima, México.

scholarly journals GENOME SIZE DETERMINATION OF CUCUMBER (CUCUMIS SATIVUS), HONEYDEW (CUCUMIS MELO INODORUS) AND ROCK MELON (CUCUMIS MELO CANTALUPENSIS) VIA FLOW CYTOMETRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Raden Muhamad Imaduddin Yumni ◽  
Mohd Fauzihan Karim ◽  
Mohd Razik Midin
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
As Species ◽  
External Reference ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cucumis Species ◽  
Fcm Analysis ◽  
Interspecific And Intraspecific Variation

The family of Cucurbitaceae consists of species with economical and nutritional value. Morphologically, there are only few differences between Cucumis species. The interspecific and intraspecific variation in the genome size of the Cucumis species are not discovered yet. Due to this, this study aims to determine the genome size of C. sativus, C. melo inodorus and C. melo cantalupensis using flow cytometry (FCM) method. Nuclei suspension of selected Cucumis species were extracted using LBO1 lysis buffer by manual chopping technique and stained by propidium iodide priot to FCM analysis. Genome size of C. sativus, C. melo inodorus (Honeydew) and C. melo cantalupensis (Rockmelon) were determined by using Glycine max (Soybean) as an external reference standard (2C = 2.5 pg). This study found that the genome size of C. sativus, C. melo inodorus and C. melo cantalupensis estimated to be 2.83 pg, 3.00 pg and 3.47 pg respectively. The genome size data obtained from this study can be used in future genome studies as well as species characterization.

scholarly journals Squash Mosaic Virus Isolated from Melon (Cucumis melo L.) in Hokkaido

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouji YOSHIDA ◽  
Tadanori GOTO ◽  
Masayasu NEMOTO ◽  
Tsuneo TSUCHIZAKI
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Cucumis Melo L

scholarly journals Stability of Barley stripe mosaic virus–Induced Gene Silencing in Barley

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1323-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Bruun-Rasmussen ◽  
Christian Toft Madsen ◽  
Stine Jessing ◽  
Merete Albrechtsen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Transient Nature ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Insert Length ◽  
Pds Gene

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) can be used as a powerful tool for functional genomics studies in plants. With this approach, it is possible to target most genes and downregulate the messenger (m)RNA in a sequence-specific manner. Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) is an established VIGS vector for barley and wheat; however, silencing using this vector is generally transient, with efficient silencing often being confined to the first two or three systemically infected leaves. To investigate this further, part of the barley Phytoene desaturase (PDS) gene was inserted into BSMV and the resulting photobleaching in infected barley plants was used as a reporter for silencing. In addition, downregulation of PDS mRNA was measured by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Using fragments of PDS ranging from 128 to 584 nucleotides in BSMV, we observed that insert length influenced stability but not efficiency of VIGS. Silencing was transient in most cases; however, the decrease in PDS mRNA levels measured by qRT-PCR began earlier and lasted longer than the photobleaching. Occasionally, silencing persisted and could be transmitted through seed as well as via mechanical inoculation, although large parts of the insert had been lost from the virus vector. The instability of the insert, observed consistently throughout our experiments, offers an explanation for the transient nature of silencing when using BSMV as a VIGS vector.

Inheritance of resistance to cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.)

Euphytica ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rajamony ◽  
T. A. More ◽  
V. S. Seshadri
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Cucumis Melo L

scholarly journals First report of zucchini yellow mosaic virus in muskmelon (Cucumis melo) in Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 771-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
In-Sook Cho ◽  
Bong-Nam Chung ◽  
Sun-Jung Kwon ◽  
Ju-Yeon Yoon ◽  
Gug-Seoun Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
First Report

scholarly journals Identification of Divergent Isolates of Banana Mild Mosaic Virus and Development of a New Diagnostic Primer to Improve Detection

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1045
Author(s):  
Marwa Hanafi ◽  
Rachid Tahzima ◽  
Sofiene Ben Kaab ◽  
Lucie Tamisier ◽  
Nicolas Roux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Mild Mosaic ◽  
Genome Variability ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Reverse Primer ◽  
Mild Mosaic Virus ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

Banana mild mosaic virus (BanMMV) (Betaflexiviridae, Quinvirinae, unassigned species) is a filamentous virus belonging to the Betaflexiviridae family. It infects Musa spp. with a very wide geographic distribution. The genome variability of plant viruses, including the members of the Betaflexiviridae family, makes their molecular detection by specific primers particularly challenging. During routine indexing of the Musa germplasm accessions, a discrepancy was observed between electron microscopy and immunocapture (IC) reverse transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results for one asymptomatic accession. Filamentous viral particles were observed while molecular tests failed to amplify any fragment. The accession underwent high-throughput sequencing and two complete genomes of BanMMV with 75.3% of identity were assembled. Based on these sequences and on the 54 coat protein sequences available from GenBank, a new forward primer, named BanMMV CP9, compatible with Poty1, an oligodT reverse primer already used in diagnostics, was designed. A retrospective analysis of 110 different germplasm accessions from diverse origins was conducted, comparing BanMMCP2 and BanMMV CP9 primers. Of these 110 accessions, 16 tested positive with both BanMMCP2 and BanMMV CP9, 3 were positive with only BanMMCP2 and 2 tested positive with only BanMMV CP9. Otherwise, 89 were negative with the two primers and free of flexuous virions. Sanger sequencing was performed from purified PCR products in order to confirm the amplification of the BanMMV sequence for the five accessions with contrasting results. It is highly recommended to use the two primers successively to improve the inclusiveness of the protocol.

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