scholarly journals Fruit Growth Stage Transitions in Two Mango Cultivars Grown in a Mediterranean Environment

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1332
Author(s):  
Alessandro Carella ◽  
Giuseppe Gianguzzi ◽  
Alessio Scalisi ◽  
Vittorio Farina ◽  
Paolo Inglese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Absolute Growth ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Division Cell ◽  
Fruit Harvest ◽  
The Relationship

Studying mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit development represents one of the most important aspects for the precise orchard management under non-native environmental conditions. In this work, precision fruit gauges were used to investigate important eco-physiological aspects of fruit growth in two mango cultivars, Keitt (late ripening) and Tommy Atkins (early-mid ripening). Fruit absolute growth rate (AGR, mm day−1), daily diameter fluctuation (ΔD, mm), and a development index given by their ratio (AGR/ΔD) were monitored to identify the prevalent mechanism (cell division, cell expansion, ripening) involved in fruit development in three (‘Tommy Atkins’) or four (‘Keitt’) different periods during growth. In ‘Keitt’, cell division prevailed over cell expansion from 58 to 64 days after full bloom (DAFB), while the opposite occurred from 74 to 85 DAFB. Starting at 100 DAFB, internal changes prevailed over fruit growth, indicating the beginning of the ripening stage. In Tommy Atkins (an early ripening cultivar), no significant differences in AGR/ΔD was found among monitoring periods, indicating that both cell division and expansion coexisted at gradually decreasing rates until fruit harvest. To evaluate the effect of microclimate on fruit growth the relationship between vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and ΔD was also studied. In ‘Keitt’, VPD was the main driving force determining fruit diameter fluctuations. In ‘Tommy Atkins’, the lack of relationship between VPD and ΔD suggest a hydric isolation of the fruit due to the disruption of xylem and stomatal flows starting at 65 DAFB. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.

scholarly journals Roles of Sorbitol and Sucrose in Growth and Respiration of `Encore' Peaches at the Three Developmental Stages

2002 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Lo Bianco ◽  
Mark Rieger
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Growth Phases ◽  
Maintenance Respiration

In peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (Peach Group)], both sorbitol and sucrose are used for source to sink carbon (C) transport, yet their specific functions in fruit growth and development remain unclear. Growth rate (GR), respiration rate (R), carbohydrate content, and the activities of sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), sorbitol oxidase (SOX), sucrose synthase (SS), acid invertase (AI), and neutral invertase (NI) were determined in `Encore' peaches to study the specific functions of sorbitol and sucrose in each phase of fruit development (an early period of rapid cell division, a relatively inactive intermediate stage where endocarp (pit) hardening occurs, and a final swelling due to cell expansion). Fruit growth and respiration rates (mol C/fruit per day) were always positively correlated, but the growth coefficient (gc) relating them was significantly higher at cell division, when maintenance respiration (Rm) was nearly absent. Sorbitol and sucrose appeared to participate equally in growth and maintenance respiration. Contents of sorbitol and sucrose both correlated positively to GR, and their rates of accumulation increased from early to late growth stages in similar fashion. SDH activity was always positively correlated with sink strength and GR, but with R only at endocarp hardening (r = 0.632). SOX activity was also correlated with sink strength and GR in the early (r = 0.514 and 0.553) and late (r = 0.503 and 0.495) growth phases, but not at endocarp hardening, and was correlated with R in two of three growth phases. Among sucrose cleavage enzymes, AI activity was positively correlated with sink strength, GR, and R more strongly than the others (r = 0.51 to 0.80), but only in the cell division and cell expansion periods. SS activity was correlated with sink strength and R only at endocarp hardening, and NI activity was generally not correlated to sink strength, GR, or R. We conclude that sorbitol and sucrose play similar roles in fruit development, and the enzymes associated with their metabolism work in concert to produce the observed changes in growth and respiration.

Could the extent of cell division, cell expansion and endoreduplication in a leaf be controlled by leaf expansion itself?

2009 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. S175
Author(s):  
Christine Granier ◽  
Sébastien Tisné ◽  
Catherine Massonnet ◽  
Juliette Fabre ◽  
Nathalie Wuyts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Division Cell

scholarly journals Cell layer-specific patterns of cell division and cell expansion during fruit set and fruit growth in tomato pericarp

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1613-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Renaudin ◽  
Cynthia Deluche ◽  
Catherine Cheniclet ◽  
Christian Chevalier ◽  
Nathalie Frangne
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Fruit Growth

EXPLAINING TOMATO FRUIT GROWTH BY A MULTI-SCALE MODEL ON REGULATION OF CELL DIVISION, CELL GROWTH AND CARBOHYDRATE DYNAMICS

2012 ◽  
pp. 167-172
Author(s):  
P.H.B. de Visser ◽  
W. Kromdijk ◽  
R.C.O. Okello ◽  
J. Fanwoua ◽  
P.C. Struik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Carbohydrate Dynamics ◽  
Division Cell

A dynamic model of tomato fruit growth integrating cell division, cell growth and endoreduplication

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julienne Fanwoua ◽  
Pieter H. B. de Visser ◽  
Ep Heuvelink ◽  
Xinyou Yin ◽  
Paul C. Struik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Molecular Control ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Division Cell ◽  
Fruit Load

In this study, we developed a model of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit growth integrating cell division, cell growth and endoreduplication. The fruit was considered as a population of cells grouped in cell classes differing in their initial cell age and cell mass. The model describes fruit growth from anthesis until maturation and covers the stages of cell division, endoreduplication and cell growth. The transition from one stage to the next was determined by predefined cell ages expressed in thermal time. Cell growth is the consequence of sugar import from a common pool of assimilates according to the source–sink concept. During most parts of fruit growth, potential cell growth rate increases with increasing cell ploidy and follows the Richards growth function. Cell division or endoreduplication occurs when cells exceed a critical threshold cell mass : ploidy ratio. The model was parameterised and calibrated for low fruit load conditions and was validated for high fruit load and various temperature conditions. Model sensitivity analysis showed that variations in final fruit size are associated with variations in parameters involved in the dynamics of cell growth and cell division. The model was able to accurately predict final cell number, cell mass and pericarp mass under various contrasting fruit load and most of the temperature conditions. The framework developed in this model opens the perspective to integrate information on molecular control of fruit cellular processes into the fruit model and to analyse gene-by-environment interaction effects on fruit growth.

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