scholarly journals Physico-Chemical, Nutritional, and Sensory Evaluation of Two New Commercial Tomato Hybrids and Their Parental Lines

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2480
Author(s):  
Zoltán Felföldi ◽  
Floricuta Ranga ◽  
Sonia Ancuta Socaci ◽  
Anca Farcas ◽  
Mariola Plazas ◽  
...  

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is the globally most consumed vegetable. The objective of this research was to analyze physico-chemical, nutritional and sensorial components (taste and flavor) in two new commercial hybrids (AS 300 F1 and AS 400 F1) and their four F7 parental lines. Two widely grown F1 hybrids (Precos F1 and Addalyn F1) were used as controls. The results obtained for carbohydrates (HPLC-RID) indicated that the highest values (27.82 mg/g) were recorded in the paternal line AS 10 of the new hybrid AS 400 F1. The highest values of total organic acids (HPLC-VWD) were recorded in Addalyn F1 (5.06 m/g), while the highest value of phenolic compounds (HPLC-DAD-ESI⁺) were identified in the maternal line AS 09 of the hybrid AS 400 F1 (96.3 µg/g). Intrinsic sensory values were analyzed by male and female tasters of different ages using a hedonic scale. The tasters’ perception revealed obvious taste differences between tomato genotypes. The study allowed determining genetic parameters of interest (heterosis and heterobeltosis) for the new hybrids, as well as a detailed characterization of the chemical composition and organoleptic quality of the parental breeding lines and their hybrids, which is useful in tomato breeding.

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Р.Х. Беков

Рассмотрены важные аспекты использования геноносителей различных маркерных признаков при создании и селекции гетерозисных гибридов томата для защищенного грунта. Наряду с общими требованиями к родительским компонентам, касающимися продуктивности растений, скороспелости, устойчивости к болезням и т. д., сегодня при селекции на гетерозис для защищенного грунта к исходному материалу предъявляют более высокие требования по наличию хозяйственно полезных признаков. Эти требования касаются типа роста растений, формы, окраски и качества плодов, типа кисти, формы плодоножки и т. д. Представлены характеристики исходного материала для создания гетерозисных гибридов томата, а также даны характеристики полученных гибридов. Исследования, проведенные в отделе селекции ВНИИО (ВНИИ овощеводства – филиал ФГБНУ ФНЦО), показали большую перспективность использования при гетерозисной селекции томата для защищенного грунта геноносителей различных маркерных признаков, особенно признаков, определяющих коричневую окраску эндосперма семян (гены bs и bs-2) и несочлененную плодоножку (ген j-2). Созданные с использованием этих маркерных признаков гибриды и селекционные линии по-своему уникальны и являются приоритетным достижением этого научного учреждения, так как они представляют большой интерес для гетерозисной селекции томата в качестве исходного материала. Целый ряд гибридов F1 включен в Госреестр селекционных достижений, допущенных к использованию (Удача, Голубчик, Клад овощевода, Заур и др.). В связи с развитием фермерского и любительского овощеводства в последние годы определенное внимание было уделено созданию новых мутантных линий с розовыми, малиновыми и темно-коричневыми плодами с высокими вкусовыми качествами (учитывая, что образцы такого типа пользуются повышенным спросом у населения и стоят дороже). При создании новых гетерозисных гибридов были учтены эти признаки родительских форм. Important aspects of the use of gene carriers of various marker traits in the creation and selection of heterotic tomato hybrids for greenhouse industry are considered. Along with the general requirements for the parent components concerning plant productivity, precocity, resistance to diseases, etc., today, when breeding for heterosis for greenhouse industry, higher requirements are imposed on the source material for the presence of economically useful features. These requirements relate to the type of plant growth, shape, colour and quality of fruits, brush type, stem shape, etc. The characteristics of the initial material for creating heterotic tomato hybrids are presented, as well as the characteristics of the resulting hybrids are given. Studies conducted in the breeding department of the ARRIVG (ARRIVG – a branch of the FSBI FSCV) showed great prospects for the use of gene carriers of various marker traits, especially those that determine the brown colour of the seed endosperm (bs and bs-2 genes) and an undifferentiated peduncle (j-2 gene) in the heterosis breeding of tomatoes for greenhouses. Hybrids and breeding lines created using these marker traits are unique in their own way and are a priority achievement of this scientific institution, since they are of great interest for the heterosis breeding of tomato as a basic material. A number of F1 hybrids are included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements allowed for use (Udacha, Golubchik, Klad ovoschevoda, Zaur, etc.). Due to the development of farming and amateur vegetable growing in recent years, some attention has been paid to the creation of new mutant lines with pink, crimson and dark brown fruits with high taste qualities (given that samples of this type are in high demand among the population and are more expensive). When creating new heterotic hybrids, these features of the parent forms were taken into account.


Patan Pragya ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Chandra Kanta Gyawali

Citizenship is a political as well as legal or a constitutional matter. This is also a social right of citizen. The status of being a citizen and the quality of persons, works as a member of a community. Without citizenship, one is denied of rights to live, work, vote, pay taxes and many other things related to his or her rights and duties. Consanguineous relationship, jus soli, naturalization and honorary are considered as major categories of citizenship in Nepal. The citizenship on consanguineous relationship may be linked with the theory of anthropology under the direct line descent, immediate descent, lineal descent, maternal line descent, mediate descent and paternal line descent. In Nepal, a child of a citizen having obtained the citizenship of Nepal by birth prior to the commencement of the Constitution of Nepal should acquire the citizenship of Nepal by descent, if the child’s father and mother (parents) both are citizens of Nepal. Many citizens are in condition of statelessness and deprived of the right to obtain citizenship due to legal, social, administrative, poverty and identities problems of the citizens. Therefore, any citizen of Nepal should not be statelessness or deprived of the right to obtain citizenship on the basis sex, caste, and race, religion social and cultural values.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-218
Author(s):  
Lidiane Schmalfuss Valadão ◽  
Caroline Dos Santos Duarte ◽  
Pedro José Sanches Filho

The peach stone is considered an agroindustrial residue originating from the industrial process of peach in halves in syrup. It does not have an adequate destination, its final disposal is incorrect and may cause contamination in the environmental compartments. In this way, the burning of this raw material as biomass enables its reuse, besides adding value to the residue. Among the processes used for the application of this residue is the carbonization process, which allows to obtain co-products with higher added value, such as pyroligneous liquid, which represents a fraction of organic compounds condensed from the smoke emitted during carbonization. The quality of the liquid depends on the process conditions and the biomass used. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the sample of pyrolignous liquid obtained from the carbonization of the peach stone, on an industrial scale, qualitative and semi quantitative. Preliminary characterization (pH, conductivity, color, density and contents of tar, organic matter and acidity) and a chemical characterization by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were performed. The liquid presented satisfactory results for the physico-chemical evaluations. Regarding the qualitative determination, it was possible to identify 49 compounds. Highlighting the phenols, with 44.90% of the number of compounds, mainly methoxyphenols. These are compounds with significant added value and industrial importance, indicating their use as raw material in the production of polymer resins, among other purposes.


2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (27) ◽  
pp. 3967-3975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Nunoo ◽  
Enoch Ofori ◽  
Emmanuel Quartey ◽  
Emmanuel Gasu ◽  
Ebenezer Ewusie ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Marisete Bortoluzzi ◽  
Carla Regina Zimpel Nunes ◽  
Marines Luiza Silva ◽  
Daneysa Lahis Kalschne ◽  
Saraspathy Naidoo Terroso Gama Mendonça ◽  
...  

<p><em>The present work aimed to analyze the microbiological, physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of three commercial brands of yogurt with plum pulp. Count of Coliform at 35 and 45&nbsp;&ordm;C, yeast and mold and sensory evaluation (hedonic scale) at the beginning of shelf life was done. Additionally at 8, 16, 24 and 32 days of storage (6 &plusmn; 2 &ordm;C) were performed the count of total lactic acid bacteria, determination of pH and acidity (in lactic acid). For all samples Coliforms at 35 and 45 &ordm;C were not detected, while yeasts and molds were below the maximum limit established. The total count of lactic acid bacteria remained above the minimum recommended in the intervals, while the pH decreased with storage time and acidity remained stable. In sensory analysis there was difference (p&lt;0.05) between the samples for the attributes color, appearance of pieces of plum, plum aroma and sweetness, while the attributes flavor of plum, acid flavor, consistency and overall impression were not different. The acceptability index ranged from 65.08 to 79.37%.</em></p><p>&nbsp;</p><p>DOI: 10.14685/rebrapa.v5i1.136</p><p><em><br /></em></p>


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanhao Ding ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Longfu Zhu ◽  
Maojun Wang ◽  
Yizan Ma ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Heterosis has been exploited for decades in different crops due to resulting in dramatic increases in yield, but relatively little molecular evidence on this topic reported in cotton. Results: The elite cotton hybrid variety ‘Huaza Mian H318’ ( H318) and its parental lines were used to explore the source of its yield heterosis. A four-year investigation of yield-related traits showed that the boll number of H318 showed higher stability than that of its two parents, in both suitable and unsuitable climate years. In addition, the hybrid H318 grew faster and showed higher fresh and dry weights than its parental lines at the seedling stage. Transcriptome analysis of seedlings identified 17,308 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between H318 and its parental lines, and 3,490 extremely changed DEGs were screened out for later analysis. Most DEGs (3,472/3,490) were gathered between H318 and its paternal line (4-5), and only 64 DEGs were found between H318 and its maternal line (B0011), which implied that H318 displays more similar transcriptional patterns to its maternal parent at the seedling stage. GO and KEGG analyses showed that these DEGs were highly enriched in photosynthesis, lipid metabolic, carbohydrate metabolic and oxidation-reduction processes, and the expression level of these DEGs was significantly higher in H318 relative to its parental lines, which implies that photosynthesis, metabolism and stress resistances were enhanced in H318. Conclusion: The enhanced photosynthesis, lipid and carbohydrate metabolic capabilities contribute to the heterosis of H318 at the seedling stage , and establishes a material foundation for subsequent higher boll-setting rates in complex field environments.


Author(s):  
R.R. Wankhade

<p>The quality of soil and availability of water are essential factors for the good yield of the crop. Hence it is necessary to analyze some quality parameters of the soil to determine the quality of soil. So in the present study is undertaken to determine the physico-chemical characteristics of some samples of soil from some farms of nearby villages of Ghatanji taluka region, Dist. Yavatmal.The soil characterization was carried out with respect to particle size distribution, bulk density, maximum water holding capacity, available water capacity, hydraulic conductivity, soil pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, free calcium carbonate and organic carbon. The important observation during the study was that the parameters were varying for farm to farm of nearby villages. The overall quality of the soil in the study area is good and soil is not getting polluted as there is no industrial waste problem in the region.</p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 15871-15880
Author(s):  
DOVONOU Edia Flavien ◽  
HOUNSOU .B. Mathieu ◽  
SAMBIENOU W. Gédéon ◽  
ADANDEDJAN Constant ◽  
HOUESSOUGA Farida ◽  
...  

Objectifs : Le but visé par cette recherche est d’apprécier la qualité des eaux de pluie stockées dans les citernes à Damè afin de prévenir les pathologies sur les populations. Méthodologie et Résultats : Les enquêtes menées auprès des ménages ont été complétées par une campagne d’analyse. Vingt (20) citernes ont été ciblées et ont permis de d’apprécier la qualité bactériologique et physico-chimique des eaux stockées au vu des usages effectifs qui en sont faits. Les enquêtes menées auprès des ménages ont montré un manque d’hygiène aux alentours des citernes. Sur un total de 20 échantillons d’eau analysés, un seul échantillon est exempt de toute contamination. Conclusion et application : La consommation de ces eaux expose donc les usagers aux maladies hydriques tels que les gastro-entérites et bien d’autres pathologies. Toutefois, au regard de la difficulté d’accès de ces zones aux sources d’eau potable et grâce à l’état non trouble de ces eaux, ces dernières peuvent être consommées après un traitement préalable au chlore. Mots clés : Citerne, physico-chimique, bactériologie, risque sanitaire, Toffo Physico-chemical and bacteriological characterization of Rain water stored in tanks for consumption in the community of Toffo: case of the borough of Damè ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim of this research is to assess the quality of the rainwater stored in the cisterns in Damè in order to prevent pathologies on the populations. Methodology and Results: In addition to household surveys, a water sampling campaign was conducted. Twenty (20) tanks were analyzed to assess the bacteriological and physicochemical quality of the stored water used by the households for their various needs. Household surveys showed a lack of hygiene around the reservoirs. Out of a total of 20 samples analyzed, only one sample is free of contamination. Dovonou et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2020 Qualité des eaux pluviales stockées dans les citernes pour la consommation dans la commune de Toffo : cas de l’arrondissement de Damè 15872 Conclusion: The consumption of these waters therefore exposes users to water-borne diseases such as gastroenteritis and many other pathologies. However, in view of the difficulties to access safe drinking water in these areas, water stored in these tanks are not turbid and could f these waters, consumed after treatment. We strongly advise a preliminary treatment with chlorine of the waters before their uses. Key words: Tank, physico-chemical, bacteriology, health risk, Toffo.


Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. Tagore ◽  
◽  
H. K. Rai ◽  

Recent past has witnessed ever increasing importance of water in agricultural development that necessitates precise assessment of spatial variability in irrigation water quality of ground water resources and its optimal utilization. Present study was aimed to characterize the variability in quality of irrigation water across the Rewa district of Madhya Pradesh using geo-statistical techniques. The results are compared with univariate interpolation algorithms such as ordinary kriging and inverse distance weighing. The comparisons were performed with cross validation at sampling locations and assessed based on mean and root means squared errors. The results revealed that all the physico-chemical parameters exist within the permissible limits as per the standards hence quality of water is safe for irrigation purposes.


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