scholarly journals Investigation of the Side Chain Effect on Gas and Water Vapor Transport Properties of Anthracene-Maleimide Based Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Esra Caliskan ◽  
Sergey Shishatskiy ◽  
Silvio Neumann ◽  
Volker Abetz ◽  
Volkan Filiz
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Free Volume ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Polymers Of Intrinsic Microporosity ◽  
Intrinsic Microporosity

In the present work, a set of anthracene maleimide monomers with different aliphatic side groups obtained by Diels Alder reactions were used as precursors for a series of polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) based homo- and copolymers that were successfully synthesized and characterized. Polymers with different sizes and shapes of aliphatic side groups were characterized by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), (nuclear magnetic resonance) 1H-NMR, thermogravimetric (TG) analysis coupled with Fourier-Transform-Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) and density measurements. The TG-FTIR measurement of the monomer-containing methyl side group revealed that the maleimide group decomposes prior to the anthracene backbone. Thermal treatment of homopolymer methyl-100 thick film was conducted to establish retro-Diels Alder rearrangement of the homopolymer. Gas and water vapor transport properties of homopolymers and copolymers were investigated by time-lag measurements. Homopolymers with bulky side groups (i-propyl-100 and t-butyl-100) experienced a strong impact of these side groups in fractional free volume (FFV) and penetrant permeability, compared to the homopolymers with linear alkyl side chains. The effect of anthracene maleimide derivatives with a variety of aliphatic side groups on water vapor transport is discussed. The maleimide moiety increased the water affinity of the homopolymers. Phenyl-100 exhibited a high water solubility, which is related to a higher amount of aromatic rings in the polymer. Copolymers (methyl-50 and t-butyl-50) showed higher CO2 and CH4 permeability compared to PIM-1. In summary, the introduction of bulky substituents increased free volume and permeability whilst the maleimide moiety enhanced the water vapor affinity of the polymers.

Free volume and water vapor transport properties of temperature-sensitive polyurethanes

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (14) ◽  
pp. 1865-1872 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. M. Ding ◽  
J. L. Hu ◽  
X. M. Tao ◽  
Z. F. Wang ◽  
B. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Free Volume ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
Temperature Sensitive

Effect of temperature on water vapor transport properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Fořt ◽  
Zbyšek Pavlík ◽  
Jaromír Žumár ◽  
Milena Pavlíková ◽  
Robert Černý
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
Effect Of Temperature

Heat and Water Vapor Transport Properties of Sandwich Composite with Aerogel Insulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 1126 ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Pokorný ◽  
Milena Pavlíková ◽  
Jaromír Žumár ◽  
Anton Trník ◽  
Zbyšek Pavlík
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
Sandwich Composite ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
Natural Solution

Several thermal insulation systems were developed for improvement of thermal performance of buildings. Exterior thermal insulation systems represent usually natural solution of the problem of low thermal resistance of building envelopes. However, in some cases, there is necessary to realize interior thermal insulation systems, what brings number of possible problems. Their common disadvantage is a limitation of interior space due to the thickness of thermal insulation layer and a possible condensation of water vapor which permeates the thermal insulation system. On this account, new sandwich composite with silica aerogel originally designed for application in interior thermal insulation systems is studied in the paper. Thermal properties are measured by two transient methods using devices ISOMET 2114 and RTB. The water vapor transport parameters are determined on the basis of dry cup and wet cup methods. The obtained data gives information on thermal and water vapor transport properties of the particular layers of sandwich composite and predetermines its behavior at real climatic exposure of building.

WATER VAPOR TRANSPORT IN PLASTERS CONTAINING SUPERABSORBENT POLYMERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Fořt ◽  
Martin Mildner ◽  
Petr Hotěk ◽  
Robert Černý
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
Diffusion Resistance ◽  
Vapor Diffusion ◽  
Water Vapor Diffusion

A proper characterization of material properties represents an important step towards an efficient building design. Considering the present issues in the construction sector, moisture loads pose a risk not only to increased material deterioration but also to the health of building inhabitants. In this paper, modified plaster mixtures with superabsorbent admixture are designed in order to improve passive moderation of finishing layers against varying humidity conditions. The relationship between the amount of applied superabsorbent admixture and resulting water vapor transport properties is identified and the influence of temperature on water vapor transport is analyzed. The steady-state cup method is used for the determination of water vapor transport properties, namely the water vapor diffusion permeability, water vapor diffusion coefficient and water vapor diffusion resistance factor. The obtained data show temperature as a very significant factor affecting water vapor transport in the analyzed plasters. Considering the dry-cup method arrangement, relative humidity probes should be used for monitoring relative humidity under the sealed sample for a sufficiently precise determination of water vapor pressure gradient.

Application of genetic algorithm for determination of water vapor diffusion parameters of building materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kočí ◽  
Jaromír Žumár ◽  
Zbyšek Pavlík ◽  
Robert Černý
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
Computational Technique ◽  
Diffusion Parameters ◽  
Materials Research

A combined experimental/computational technique for determination of water vapor transport properties of porous building materials based on the application of genetic algorithm is developed and tested on cellular concrete. The method allows obtaining water vapor transport properties in dependence on relative humidity which is a crucial factor for advanced computational modeling of hygrothermal performance of multi-layered systems of building materials. Moreover, in a comparison with the standard steady-state cup method, the presented technique requires less than half of the time necessary for measurement which, makes good prerequisites for its wider application in materials research.

Thermal and water vapor transport properties of selected lofty nonwoven products

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (12) ◽  
pp. 1413-1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey RS Naylor ◽  
Cheryl A Wilson ◽  
Raechel M Laing
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Water Vapor Absorption

The mechanism of dry heat flow through lofty nonwoven structures (i.e. thermal resistance) as occurs in quilts has been established. By contrast, there is a scarcity of published information on the water vapor transport properties. This work explores the thermal and water vapor transport properties of a number of different quilt samples with a focus on identifying fiber type effects. Both commercial product and matched laboratory samples were examined. Steady-state thermal resistance and water vapor resistance measurements confirmed that both properties are primarily determined by sample thickness and are largely independent of fiber type. Experiments were also undertaken to observe transient effects. Test samples were initially equilibrated on a ‘dry’ guarded hotplate (35 ± 0.1℃) in a low relative humidity environment (45%). The relative humidity was then rapidly increased to 85%. Compared to polyester, wool samples exhibited a large reduction in the heat flux required to maintain the hotplate temperature. This transient peak lasted for in excess of 1000 seconds. The magnitude of this transient peak in heat flux was proportional to the quantity of wool in the sample and is believed to be associated with the known exothermic nature of water vapor absorption by wool as relative humidity increases. Based on the published values of the heat of water absorption of wool it is estimated that this additional transient heat source is significant relative to a typical human resting metabolic rate and so the effect may be of practical relevance in the bedding environment.

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