scholarly journals A Multi-Scale Approach to Modeling the Interfacial Reaction Kinetics of Lipases with Emphasis on Enzyme Adsorption at Water-Oil Interfaces

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1082
Author(s):  
Sherly Rusli ◽  
Janna Grabowski ◽  
Anja Drews ◽  
Matthias Kraume
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Enzyme Adsorption ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Specific Interfacial Area ◽  
Enzyme Molecules ◽  
Interfacial Adsorption

The enzymatic hydrolysis of triglycerides with lipases (EC 3.1.1.3.) involves substrates from both water and oil phases, with the enzyme molecules adsorbed at the water-oil (w/o) interface. The reaction rate depends on lipase concentration at the interface and the available interfacial area in the emulsion. In emulsions with large drops, the reaction rate is limited by the surface area. This effect must be taken into account while modelling the reaction. However, determination of the interfacial saturation is not a trivial matter, as enzyme molecules have the tendency to unfold on the interface, and form multi-layer, rendering many enzyme molecules unavailable for the reaction. A multi-scale approach is needed to determine the saturation concentration with specific interfacial area so that it can be extrapolated to droplet swarms. This work explicitly highlights the correlation between interfacial adsorption and reaction kinetics, by integration of the adsorption kinetics into the enzymatic reaction. The rate constants were fitted globally against data from both single droplet and drop swarm experiments. The amount of adsorbed enzymes on the interface was measured in a single drop with a certain surface area, and the enzyme interfacial loading was estimated by Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

Enzymatic Reaction Kinetics of Papain-Extracted Collagen from Bighead Carp Scales

2015 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Min Li ◽  
Liu Meng Chen ◽  
Bo Quan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bighead Carp ◽  
Fish Waste ◽  
Biomedical Material ◽  
Production Output ◽  
And Control ◽  
Kinetics Of

Collagen, as an important biomedical material, has been widely used in medical industry. Fish waste (scales, skins, bones, fins and swim bladders) is a kind of newly developed alternative collagen raw material.This paper uesd papain as enzyme and local bighead fish scales as raw material to extract collagen. More attention was paid to the study on enzymatic reaction kinetics of papain-extracted collagen. The results showed that two kinds of kinetic models(Michaelis-Menten equations and exponential type dynamic equations) at 20, 25 and 28°C were established, respectively and experimentally proved to be basically in agreement with the actual values. These models have a great significance to predict, adjust and control the reaction rate and production output under different conditions.

Reversible Light‐Responsive Coacervate Microdroplets with Rapid Regulation of Enzymatic Reaction Rate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Huang ◽  
Xiaoliang Wang ◽  
Junbo Li ◽  
Youping Lin ◽  
Haixu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction

scholarly journals Controlling the Kinetics of an Enzymatic Reaction through Enzyme or Substrate Confinement into Lipid Mesophases with Tunable Structural Parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 5116
Author(s):  
Marco Mendozza ◽  
Arianna Balestri ◽  
Costanza Montis ◽  
Debora Berti
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Nitrophenyl Phosphate ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Enzyme Alkaline Phosphatase

Lipid liquid crystalline mesophases, resulting from the self-assembly of polymorphic lipids in water, have been widely explored as biocompatible drug delivery systems. In this respect, non-lamellar structures are particularly attractive: they are characterized by complex 3D architectures, with the coexistence of hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions that can conveniently host drugs of different polarities. The fine tunability of the structural parameters is nontrivial, but of paramount relevance, in order to control the diffusive properties of encapsulated active principles and, ultimately, their pharmacokinetics and release. In this work, we investigate the reaction kinetics of p-nitrophenyl phosphate conversion into p-nitrophenol, catalysed by the enzyme Alkaline Phosphatase, upon alternative confinement of the substrate and of the enzyme into liquid crystalline mesophases of phytantriol/H2O containing variable amounts of an additive, sucrose stearate, able to swell the mesophase. A structural investigation through Small-Angle X-ray Scattering, revealed the possibility to finely control the structure/size of the mesophases with the amount of the included additive. A UV–vis spectroscopy study highlighted that the enzymatic reaction kinetics could be controlled by tuning the structural parameters of the mesophase, opening new perspectives for the exploitation of non-lamellar mesophases for confinement and controlled release of therapeutics.

Modeling Two-Phase Flow in Porous Media Including Fluid-Fluid Interfacial Area

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Niessner ◽  
S. Majid Hassanizadeh ◽  
Dustin Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Capillary Pressure ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Flow In Porous Media ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Specific Interfacial Area ◽  
Macro Scale

We present a new numerical model for macro-scale two-phase flow in porous media which is based on a physically consistent theory of multi-phase flow. The standard approach for modeling the flow of two fluid phases in a porous medium consists of a continuity equation for each phase, an extended form of Darcy’s law as well as constitutive relationships for relative permeability and capillary pressure. This approach is known to have a number of important shortcomings and, in particular, it does not account for the presence and role of fluid–fluid interfaces. An alternative is to use an extended model which is founded on thermodynamic principles and is physically consistent. In addition to the standard equations, the model uses a balance equation for specific interfacial area. The constitutive relationship for capillary pressure involves not only saturation, but also specific interfacial area. We show how parameters can be obtained for the alternative model using experimental data from a new kind of flow cell and present results of a numerical modeling study.

The characterization of crystalline particle growth in TiNi thin films

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1007-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghua Li ◽  
Fanling Meng ◽  
Jinkuan Wang ◽  
Yuming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Particle Growth ◽  
Radius Of Gyration ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Crystalline Particle ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Specific Interfacial Area ◽  
Subsequent Decrease ◽  
Sputter Deposited

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) have been used to investigate sputter-deposited TiNi films annealed at 773 K for 3, 8, 13, 15, 25 and 60 min. The specific interfacial area of the crystalline–amorphous two-phase system increases at the beginning of annealing, achieves a maximum after about 13 min and decreases on further annealing, whereas the radius of gyration of the crystalline particle increases during the annealing process. The prominent increase of the specific interfacial area and the slight increase of the radius of gyration of the crystalline particle at the beginning of annealing are correlated with the nucleation of the crystalline particle. The subsequent decrease of the specific interfacial area is correlated with the growth of the crystalline particles.

Enzymatic Reaction Kinetics

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-171
Author(s):  
Debabrata Das ◽  
Debayan Das
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction

The use of magnetic nanoparticles for immobilization and recycling of enzymes

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (61) ◽  
pp. 3581-3587
Author(s):  
Shirley Furtado ◽  
Mariana Brandes ◽  
Catalina Alamón ◽  
Santiago Botasini ◽  
Ana M.B. Cantera
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Nanostructured Materials ◽  
Enzyme Immobilization ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Large Surface Area ◽  
Emergent Properties ◽  
Initial Activity ◽  
Enzyme Adsorption

ABSTRACTThe use of nanostructured materials for enzyme immobilization is an active field of research due to its large surface area and the new emergent properties derived from its size. The present work is focused on the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles for the adsorption of cysteine-proteolytic enzymes extracted from Bromelia antiacantha Bertol (Bromeliaceae) fruit. The results show that enzyme adsorption is highly dependent on the temperature and pH. The biocatalyst activity increased up to 40 %, once immobilized onto the magnetic nanoparticles. In addition, they can be recovered using a magnet allowing them to be reused up to 5 cycles with a marginal loss (5 %) of the initial activity.

scholarly journals Acoustic Measurement in a Rectangular Bubble Column to Determine Bubble Size and Interfacial Area for Aqueous Solutions of Ethylene Glycol

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 994-998
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Bubble Size ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Bubble Diameter ◽  
Water System ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Bed Height ◽  
Specific Interfacial Area ◽  
Bubble Sizes ◽  
Distributor Plate

Bubble sizes in bubble column affect the bubble induced mixing of phases, interfacial area and transfer processes. Acoustic technique is used to measure bubble size distribution in a rectangular bubble column of cross section 0.2m x 0.02m for air sparged into water and aqueous solutions of ethylene glycol. Five condenser mikes at intermediate distance of 0.05 m measured above the distributor plate were used to find out the variation of bubble size as the bubbles move up. Sauter-mean bubble diameter and specific interfacial area were estimated from bubble size distribution at several superficial air velocity, static bed height, distance above the distributor plate and ethylene glycol concentration. The BSD exhibited mono-modal distribution and indicated non-uniform homogeneous bubbling regime. Sauter-mean bubble diameter is independent of superficial gas velocity, static bed height and concentration of EG, although, the values were higher than that for air-water system. Sauter-mean bubble diameter decreases as the bubbles move up indicating bubble breakup to take place once the bubbles leave the sparger. The value of interfacial area increases as the static bed height decreases and distance above the distributor plate increases. For air-ethylene glycol solution the values of specific interfacial area are about 200% higher than that observed in case of air-water system. The acoustic technique may be used to measure local values of bubble sizes and specific interfacial area.

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