Semi-Covalent Imprinting for Selective Protein Sensing at a Femtomolar Concentration Level

Abstract A diagnosis of toxic-related injury/illness requires a consideration of the illness related to the toxic exposure, including diagnosis, causation, and permanent impairment; these are best performed by a physician who is certified by a specialty board certified by the American Board of Preventive Medicine. The patient must have a history of symptoms consistent with the exposure and disease at issue. In order to diagnose the presence of a specific disease, the examiner must find subjective complaints that are consistent with the objective findings, and both the subjective complaints and objective findings must be consistent with the disease that is postulated. Exposure to a specific potentially causative agent at a defined concentration level must be documented and must be sufficient to induce a particular pathology in order to establish a diagnosis. Differential diagnoses must be entertained in order to rule out other potential causes, including psychological etiology. Furthermore, the identified exposure at the defined concentration level must be capable of causing the diagnosis being postulated before the examiner can conclude that there has been a cause-and-effect relationship between the exposure and the disease (dose-response relationship). The evaluator's opinion should make biological and epidemiological sense. The treatment plan and prognosis should be consistent with evidence-based medicine, and the rating of impairment must be based on objective findings in involved systems.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of ATP compartmentation in plastids and cytosol of Arabidopsis thaliana revealed by fluorescent protein sensing.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.734276016.793553828 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Xinguang Zhu

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Fluorescent Protein ◽

Protein Sensing

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Competitive growth of blue-greens and diatoms (fragilaria) in the saidenbach reservoir, saxony

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1995.0168 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 77-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

H. Horn ◽

D. Uhlmann

Keyword(s):

Turbulent Mixing ◽

Concentration Level ◽

Mutual Exclusion ◽

Late Summer ◽

Meteorological Conditions ◽

Competitive Growth ◽

Absolute Concentration ◽

Resource Concentration ◽

High Yields ◽

Simultaneous Growth

Since 1975, different patterns of the growth of Fragilaria and Cyanobacteria in the mid or late summer have been observed in the Saidenbach Reservoir. In most of the years, there was a mutual exclusion of mass growths of these two groups. High yields of Fragilaria caused low yields of blue-greens and vice versa. In the first years, Fragilaria was always the first to achieve a mass growth, followed by the Cyanobacteria. Then, in the last years, the blue-greens were succeeded by Fragilaria. Only in some years, there was a large and simultaneous growth of both groups. It has been shown, that the supply of silicon and phosphorus immediately before controlled the pattern of succession in the midsummer period. Mostly, the Si:P ratio was the regulating factor, but there were also years in which the absolute concentration level of these two nutrients were either non-limiting high or below the minimum resource concentration necessary to compensate for the losses. In these cases, the Si:P ratio lost its controlling function. Other influencing factors are discussed, in particular the effect of turbulent mixing. The special nutrient conditions in the midsummer were not only determined by the external load but also by the Si depletion during the spring mass development of diatoms other than Fragilaria, which mostly is physically controlled. Therefore, the succession pattern in the midsummer is sensitive to the meteorological conditions to a large extent.

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Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum Concentration Level on Physicochemical Properties of Fermented Goat Meat Dendeng

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/478/1/012038 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 478 ◽

pp. 012038

Author(s):

L E Radiati ◽

A K Umam ◽

A Susilo ◽

A A Thoifi

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Concentration Level ◽

Goat Meat

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OBP14 (Odorant-Binding Protein) Sensing in Adelphocoris lineolatus Based on Peptide Nucleic Acid and Graphene Oxide

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12050422 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 422

Author(s):

Wenhua Tian ◽

Tao Zhang ◽

Shaohua Gu ◽

Yuyuan Guo ◽

Xiwu Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peptide Nucleic Acid ◽

Antennal Lobe ◽

Behavioral Regulation ◽

Dual Roles ◽

Protein Sensing ◽

Physiological Functions ◽

Adelphocoris Lineolatus ◽

Regulation Strategies ◽

Odorant Binding

OBPs play a crucial role in the recognition of ligands and are involved in the initial steps of semiochemical perception. The diverse expression of OBP genes allows them to participate in different physiological functions in insects. In contrast to classic OBPs with typical olfactory roles in A. lineolatus, the physiological functions of Plus-C OBPs remain largely unknown. In addition, detection of the expression of insect OBP genes by conventional methods is difficult in vitro. Here, we focused on AlinOBP14, a Plus-C OBP from A. lineolatus, and we developed a PNA-GO-based mRNA biosensor to detect the expression of AlinOBP14. The results demonstrated that AlinOBP14 plays dual roles in A. lineolatus. The AlinOBP14 is expressed beneath the epidermis of the vertex and gena in heads of A. lineolatus, and it functions as a carrier for three terpenoids, while AlinOBP14 is also expressed in the peripheral antennal lobe and functions as a carrier for endogenous compounds such as precursors for juvenile hormone (JH) and JHⅢ. Our investigation provides a new method to detect the expression of OBP genes in insects, and the technique will facilitate the use of these genes as potential targets for novel insect behavioral regulation strategies against the pest.

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Synergistic Effect of Several Neurotransmitters in PFC-NAc-VTA Neural Circuit for the Anti-Depression Effect of Shuganheweitang in a Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Model

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x211002415 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 1934578X2110024

Author(s):

Xin Chen ◽

Yuanchun Ma ◽

Xiongjun Mou ◽

Hao Liu ◽

Hao Ming ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Behavior ◽

Neural Circuit ◽

Concentration Level ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Mild Stress ◽

Depression Effect ◽

Monoamine Neurotransmitters ◽

Reward Circuitry ◽

High Doses ◽

The Brain

Depression, a major worldwide mental disorder, leads to massive disability and can result in death. The PFC-NAc-VTA neuro circuit is related to emotional, neurovegetative, and cognitive functions, which emerge as a circuit-level framework for understanding reward deficits in depression. Neurotransmitters, which are widely distributed in different brain regions, are important detected targets for the evaluation of depression. Shuganheweitang (SGHWT) is a popular prescription in clinical therapy for depression. In order to investigate its possible pharmacodynamics and anti-depressive mechanism, the complex plant material was separated into different fractions. These in low and high doses, along with low and high doses of SGHWT were tested in animal behavior tests. The low and high doses of SGHWT were more effective than the various fractions, which indicate the importance of synergistic function in traditional Chinese medicine. Furthermore, amino acid (GABA, Glu) and monoamine neurotransmitters (DA, 5-HT, NA, 5-HIAA) in the PFC-NAc-VTA neuro circuit were investigated by UPLC-MS/MS. The level trend of DA and 5-HT were consistent in the PFC-NAc-VTA neuro circuit, whereas 5-HIAA was decreased in the PFC, Glu was decreased in the PFC and VTA, and NA and GABA were decreased in the NAc. The results indicate that the pathogenesis of depression is associated with dysfunction of the PFC-NAc-VTA neural circuit, mainly through the neural projection effects of neurotransmitters associated with various brain regions in the neural circuit. PCA and OPLS-DA score plots demonstrated the similarities of individuals within each group and the differences among the groups. In this study, SGHWT could regulate the concentration level of different neurotransmitters in the PFC-NAc-VTA neuro circuit to improve the depression, which benefitted from the recognition of the brain reward circuitry in mood disorders.

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Nanomolar Protein Sensing with Embedded Receptor Molecules

Journal of the American Chemical Society ◽

10.1021/ja045785d ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 127 (3) ◽

pp. 904-915 ◽

Cited By ~ 110

Author(s):

Reza Zadmard ◽

Thomas Schrader

Keyword(s):

Protein Sensing

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The oxygen exchange from O2/C18O2 with surfaces of vanadium pentoxide and alkali metal-promoted vanadium pentoxide catalysts

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v78-503 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 56 (24) ◽

pp. 3078-3083 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

David Victor Fikis ◽

Keith Walter Heckley ◽

William John Murphy ◽

Robert Anderson Ross

Keyword(s):

Alkali Metal ◽

Vanadium Pentoxide ◽

Concentration Level ◽

Oxygen Exchange ◽

Circulation System ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Oxygen Exchange Reaction ◽

Metal Sulphates ◽

Activity Series

The oxygen exchange reaction between O2/C18O2 and the surfaces of vanadium pentoxide and promoted vanadium pentoxide catalysts has been studied in a circulation system using a quartz differential reactor. Isotopic compositions were analysed with an in-line mass spectrometer. Alkali metal sulphates, Li to Cs, were added to the pentoxide as individual promoters at a concentration level of 9 mol % and the effect of variation of promoter concentration was examined with melts containing potassium sulphate at additional levels of 1, 2, and 5 mol%. The structures of the solids were studied by X-ray diffraction and by ATR and transmission infrared spectroscopy. The latter results have been used to explain the two activity series for the exchange rates: (i)V2O5 < Na < Li < K < Rb < Cs (melts) and (ii) V2O5 < 1 mol% < 2 mol% < 5 mol% < 9 mol% (K), in terms of additive effects on the relative abundance and strength of identified vanadium/oxygen linkages in the surfaces of the catalysts.

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