scholarly journals The Continental Impact of European Forest Conservation Policy and Management on Productivity Stability

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Moreno ◽  
Mathias Neumann ◽  
Phillip M. Mohebalian ◽  
Christopher Thurnher ◽  
Hubert Hasenauer
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
European Forest

The ecological impact of continental scale land-use policies that influence forest management is often difficult to quantify. European forest conservation began in 1909 with a marked increase in designated areas with the inception of Natura 2000 in the early 1990s. It has been shown that increases in European forest mortality may be linked to climate variability. Measuring productivity response to climate variability may be a valid proxy indicating a forest’s ability to bear this disturbance. Net Primary Production (NPP) response to climate variability has also been linked to functional diversity within forests. Using a European specific annual MODIS NPP estimates, we assess the NPP response to climate variability differences between actively managed forests, which experience human interventions and conserved, Protected Area (PA) forests with minimal to no human impact. We found, on the continental scale, little to no differences in NPP response between managed and conserved forests. However, on the regional scale, differences emerge that are driven by the historic forest management practices and the potential speciation of the area. Northern PA forests show the same NPP response to climate variability as their actively managed counter parts. PA forests tend to have less NPP response to climate variability in the South and in older conserved forests. As the time a forest has been designated, as a PA, extends past its typically actively managed rotation length, greater differences begin to emerge between the two management types.

scholarly journals Perspective on Forest Management

ICR Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-229
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adha Shaleh
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Forestry Project ◽  
Conservation Projects

Community forestry offers many perspectives on the forest management system. It has become an avenue for special collaboration between state, scientific communities, social enterprises, businesses, and local communities, as well as a means of promoting practical solutions in forest conservation. Furthermore, it becomes an arena where forest people can participate in forest conservation projects, improve their livelihoods and manage forest projects via their own traditional knowledge. Inspired by its unique features, the researcher carried out a qualitative research study of community forestry with the hope of exploring its possibilities in the South East Pahang Peat Swamp Forest (SEPPSF). In this regard, the researcher employed research methods that consisted of interviews, focus group discussions and field observations. The interviewees were asked to reflect on current forest management practices in SEPPSF. Other participants included government officials, social activists and researchers. This study found that the SEPPSF offers a unique opportunity for collaborative forest care. To achieve this vision, however, there is a need to resuscitate the following three important elements of community forestry in SEPPSF: community empowerment in forest care; community land security; and community consultation for forest related activities. In addition, this study recommends two contemporary models to prompt effective forest governance: a short-term community forestry project in SEPPSF and a long-term community forestry project for the Orang Asli. It is anticipated that this paper will provide a fresh perspective on collaborative forest management. Furthermore, it is hoped that its findings parallel increasing calls for holistically sustainable forest management in Malaysia.

Evolution of data infrastructure for effective integration and management of environmental and ecosystem data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddeswara Guru ◽  
Gerhard Weis ◽  
Wilma Karsdorp ◽  
Andrew Cleland ◽  
Jenny Mahuika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
Data Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Ecosystem Research ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Data Products ◽  
Data Collections

<p>The Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN) is Australia's national research infrastructure to observe, monitor and support the study and forecasting of continental-scale ecological changes. TERN data are classified under two themes: Ecology and Biogeophysical.</p><p> The Ecology theme relates predominantly to plot-based ecological observations conducted as a one-off, repeated surveys and sensor-based measurements. The Biogeophysical theme-related data collections are inclusive of point-based time-series eddy-covariance based micrometeorological measurements from flux towers; and continental and regional scale gridded data products related to remote sensing, soil and landscape ecology.</p><p>Integrating and querying data from different data sources are complicated. Furthermore,</p><p>The advancement of technology has transformed the mode of data collection. For instance, mobile sensors (drones) of various sizes are used more in recent times to sample the environment. The user-centric data handling mechanisms of different types of datasets are dissimilar, requiring heterogeneous data management practices alongside ease of access to data for users bundled with tools and platforms to interrogate, access, analyse and share analysis pipelines.</p><p>TERN is developing data e-infrastructure to support holistic capabilities that not only manage to store, curate and distribute data. But, enable processing based on user needs, linking consistent data to various analysis tools and pipelines and acquisition of data skills. The infrastructure would allow collaboration with other national and international data infrastructures and ingest data from partners including state and federal government institutes by adopting domain standards for metadata and data management and publications.</p><p>For effective data management of plot-based ecology data, we have developed an ontology-based on O&M and Semantic Sensor Network Ontology with an extension to support basic concepts of ecological sites and sampling. Besides, controlled vocabularies for observed properties, observation procedures and standard lists for taxa, geology, soils etc. will supplement the ontology.</p><p>The biogeophysical data is managed using domain standards in the data and metadata management. Each of the data products is represented in a standard file format and hosted in an OGC standard web services. All datasets are described and catalogued using ISO standards. An overarching discovery portal allows users to search, access and interact with data collections. The user’s interaction with data can be at the collection level, on a spatial map and via web services and Application Programming Interface (API).</p><p>TERN has also developed a cloud-based virtual desktop environment, CoESRA, accessible from a web browser to enable easy access to the computing platform with tools for the ecosystem science community. The advantage is that it allows access to all TERN data in a compute environment for performing analysis and synthesis activities from a single managed platform.</p>

scholarly journals BIODIVERSITY MAPPING VIA NATURA 2000 CONSERVATION STATUS AND EBV ASSESSMENT USING AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING IN ALKALI GRASSLANDS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B8 ◽  
pp. 1293-1299
Author(s):  
A. Zlinszky ◽  
B. Deák ◽  
A. Kania ◽  
A. Schroiff ◽  
N. Pfeifer
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Data Products ◽  
Essential Biodiversity Variables

Biodiversity is an ecological concept, which essentially involves a complex sum of several indicators. One widely accepted such set of indicators is prescribed for habitat conservation status assessment within Natura 2000, a continental-scale conservation programme of the European Union. Essential Biodiversity Variables are a set of indicators designed to be relevant for biodiversity and suitable for global-scale operational monitoring. Here we revisit a study of Natura 2000 conservation status mapping via airbone LIDAR that develops individual remote sensing-derived proxies for every parameter required by the Natura 2000 manual, from the perspective of developing regional-scale Essential Biodiversity Variables. Based on leaf-on and leaf-off point clouds (10 pt/m2) collected in an alkali grassland area, a set of data products were calculated at 0.5 ×0.5 m resolution. These represent various aspects of radiometric and geometric texture. A Random Forest machine learning classifier was developed to create fuzzy vegetation maps of classes of interest based on these data products. In the next step, either classification results or LIDAR data products were selected as proxies for individual Natura 2000 conservation status variables, and fine-tuned based on field references. These proxies showed adequate performance and were summarized to deliver Natura 2000 conservation status with 80% overall accuracy compared to field references. This study draws attention to the potential of LIDAR for regional-scale Essential Biodiversity variables, and also holds implications for global-scale mapping. These are (i) the use of sensor data products together with habitat-level classification, (ii) the utility of seasonal data, including for non-seasonal variables such as grassland canopy structure, and (iii) the potential of fuzzy mapping-derived class probabilities as proxies for species presence and absence.

scholarly journals Silvicultural Interventions Drive the Changes in Soil Organic Carbon in Romanian Forests According to Two Model Simulations

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Viorel N. B. Blujdea ◽  
Toni Viskari ◽  
Liisa Kulmala ◽  
George Gârbacea ◽  
Ioan Dutcă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Entire Volume ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
Forest Management Practices ◽  
C Stock ◽  
Stock Change

We investigated the effects of forest management on the carbon (C) dynamics in Romanian forest soils, using two model simulations: CBM-CFS3 and Yasso15. Default parametrization of the models and harmonized litterfall simulated by CBM provided satisfactory results when compared to observed data from National Forest Inventory (NFI). We explored a stratification approach to investigate the improvement of soil C prediction. For stratification on forest types only, the NRMSE (i.e., normalized RMSE of simulated vs. NFI) was approximately 26%, for both models; the NRMSE values reduced to 13% when stratification was done based on climate only. Assuming the continuation of the current forest management practices for a period of 50 years, both models simulated a very small C sink during simulation period (0.05 MgC ha−1 yr−1). Yet, a change towards extensive forest management practices would yield a constant, minor accumulation of soil C, while more intensive practices would yield a constant, minor loss of soil C. For the maximum wood supply scenario (entire volume increment is removed by silvicultural interventions during the simulated period) Yasso15 resulted in larger emissions (−0.3 MgC ha−1 yr−1) than CBM (−0.1 MgC ha−1 yr−1). Under ‘no interventions’ scenario, both models simulated a stable accumulation of C which was, nevertheless, larger in Yasso15 (0.35 MgC ha−1 yr−1) compared to CBM-CSF (0.18 MgC ha−1 yr−1). The simulation of C stock change showed a strong “start-up” effect during the first decade of the simulation, for both models, explained by the difference in litterfall applied to each scenario compared to the spinoff scenario. Stratification at regional scale based on climate and forest types, represented a reasonable spatial stratification, that improved the prediction of soil C stock and stock change.

scholarly journals Keragaan Praktik Kearifan Lokal dan Keberlanjutan Hutan Nagari

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 667
Author(s):  
Aditya Muhammad ◽  
Saharuddin Saharuddin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Forest Management Practices ◽  
Forest Sustainability ◽  
Indigenous Forest ◽  
Depth Interviews

Local wisdom is very influential in forest conservation, for indigenous forest communities to have sustainable functions either from the environmental or ecological, economic and socio-cultural fields. The objectives of this study were to: (1) analyze the nagari forest management practices, (2) Analyze the values and practices of local wisdom on the management of nagari forests, (3) analyze the sustainability of nagari forests, (4) to analyze the relation of nagari forest management practices to the sustainability of forests nagari. Research methods used to explore facts, data, and information in this study used a quantitative approach with a questionnaire supported by in-depth interviews and observation. The results of this study indicate that there is a unidirectional relationship between the indicators of the characteristics of the Nagari forest and the sustainability of the Nagari forest consisting of ecological, socio-cultural and economic sustainability. On the other hand, the management practices of nagari forests are linked to the sustainability of nagari forests but not significant. Keywords: Forest sustainability, Local wisdom ABSTRAK Kearifan lokal sangat berpengaruh didalam pelestarian hutan, bagi masyarakat adat hutan memiliki fungsi yang berkelanjutan baik itu dari bidang lingkungan atau ekologi, ekonomi dan sosial-budaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk : (1) menganalisis praktik pengelolaan hutan nagari, (2) Menganalisis nilai dan praktik kearifan lokal pada pengelolaan hutan nagari, (3) menganalisis keberlanjutan hutan nagari, (4) menganalisis hubungan praktik pengelolaan hutan nagari dengan keberlanjutan hutan nagari. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk menggali fakta, data, dan informasi dalam penelitian ini digunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan kuesioner yang didukung dengan wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang tidak searah antara indikator-indikator karakteristik hutan nagari dengan keberlanjutan hutan nagari yang terdiri dari keberlanjutan ekologi, sosial-budaya dan ekonomi. Di sisi lain, praktik pengelolaan hutan nagari memiliki hubungan dengan keberlanjutan hutan nagari namun tidak signifikan.Kata Kunci : Kearifan lokal, Keberlanjutan hutan

scholarly journals BIODIVERSITY MAPPING VIA NATURA 2000 CONSERVATION STATUS AND EBV ASSESSMENT USING AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING IN ALKALI GRASSLANDS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B8 ◽  
pp. 1293-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zlinszky ◽  
B. Deák ◽  
A. Kania ◽  
A. Schroiff ◽  
N. Pfeifer
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Natura 2000 ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Data Products ◽  
Essential Biodiversity Variables

Biodiversity is an ecological concept, which essentially involves a complex sum of several indicators. One widely accepted such set of indicators is prescribed for habitat conservation status assessment within Natura 2000, a continental-scale conservation programme of the European Union. Essential Biodiversity Variables are a set of indicators designed to be relevant for biodiversity and suitable for global-scale operational monitoring. Here we revisit a study of Natura 2000 conservation status mapping via airbone LIDAR that develops individual remote sensing-derived proxies for every parameter required by the Natura 2000 manual, from the perspective of developing regional-scale Essential Biodiversity Variables. Based on leaf-on and leaf-off point clouds (10 pt/m2) collected in an alkali grassland area, a set of data products were calculated at 0.5 ×0.5 m resolution. These represent various aspects of radiometric and geometric texture. A Random Forest machine learning classifier was developed to create fuzzy vegetation maps of classes of interest based on these data products. In the next step, either classification results or LIDAR data products were selected as proxies for individual Natura 2000 conservation status variables, and fine-tuned based on field references. These proxies showed adequate performance and were summarized to deliver Natura 2000 conservation status with 80% overall accuracy compared to field references. This study draws attention to the potential of LIDAR for regional-scale Essential Biodiversity variables, and also holds implications for global-scale mapping. These are (i) the use of sensor data products together with habitat-level classification, (ii) the utility of seasonal data, including for non-seasonal variables such as grassland canopy structure, and (iii) the potential of fuzzy mapping-derived class probabilities as proxies for species presence and absence.

Forest Management In Mongolia – A Review Of Challenges And Lessons Learned With Special Reference To Degradation And Deforestation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Gradel ◽  
Gerelbaatar Sukhbaatar ◽  
Daniel Karthe ◽  
Hoduck Kang
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Driven System ◽  
The Status

The natural conditions, climate change and socio-economic challenges related to the transformation from a socialistic society towards a market-driven system make the implementation of sustainable land management practices in Mongolia especially complicated. Forests play an important role in land management. In addition to providing resources and ecosystem functions, Mongolian forests protect against land degradation.We conducted a literature review of the status of forest management in Mongolia and lessons learned, with special consideration to halting deforestation and degradation. We grouped our review into seven challenges relevant to developing regionally adapted forest management systems that both safeguard forest health and consider socio-economic needs. In our review, we found that current forest management in Mongolia is not always sustainable, and that some practices lack scientific grounding. An overwhelming number of sources noticed a decrease in forest area and quality during the last decades, although afforestation initiatives are reported to have increased. We found that they have had, with few exceptions, only limited success. During our review, however, we found a number of case studies that presented or proposed promising approaches to (re-)establishing and managing forests. These studies are further supported by a body of literature that examines how forest administration, and local participation can be modified to better support sustainable forestry. Based on our review, we conclude that it is necessary to integrate capacity development and forest research into holistic initiatives. A special focus should be given to the linkages between vegetation cover and the hydrological regime.

scholarly journals Effect of Forest Management Operations on Aggregate-Associated SOC Dynamics Using a 137Cs Tracing Method

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 859
Author(s):  
Geng Guo ◽  
Xiao Li ◽  
Xi Zhu ◽  
Yanyin Xu ◽  
Qiao Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Mountain Areas

Although forest conversions have long been a focus in carbon (C) research, the relationship between soil erosion and the dynamic change of soil organic carbon (SOC) has not been well-quantified. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of converting CBF (coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests) to economic forests, including CF (chestnut forest), HF (hawthorn forest), and AF (apple forest), on the soil structure and nutrient loss in the Huaibei Rocky Mountain Areas, China. A 137Cs tracer method was used to provide soil erosion data in order to quantify the loss of aggregate-associated SOC. The results showed that forest management operations caused macro-aggregates to decrease by 1.69% in CF, 4.52% in AF, and 3.87% in HF. Therefore, the stability of aggregates was reduced. The SOC contents in each aggregate size decreased significantly after forest conversion, with the largest decreases occurring in AF. We quantified the loss of 0.15, 0.38, and 0.31 Mg hm−2 of aggregate-associated SOC after conversion from CBF to CF, AF, and HF, respectively. These results suggest that forest management operations have a negative impact on soil quality and fertility. CF has better vegetation coverage and less human interference, making it more prominent among the three economic forests species. Therefore, when developing forest management operations, judicious selection of tree varieties and appropriate management practices are extremely critical. In addition, measures should be taken to increase surface cover to reduce soil erosion and achieve sustainable development of economic forests.

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