Monitoring the Spring Flood in Lena Delta with Hydrodynamic Modeling Based on SAR Satellite Products

Due to the remote location and the extreme climate, monitoring stations in Arctic rivers such as Lena in Siberia have been decreasing through time. Every year, after a long harsh winter, the accumulated snow on the Lena watershed melts, leading to the major annual spring flood event causing heavy transport of sediments, organic carbon, and trace metals, both into as well as within the delta. This study aims to analyze the hydrodynamic processes of the spring flood taking place every year in the Lena Delta. Thus, a combination of remote sensing techniques and hydrodynamic modeling methodologies is used to overcome limitations caused by missing ground-truth data. As a test site for this feasibility study, the outlet of the Lena River to its delta was selected. Lena Delta is an extensive wetland spanning from northeast Siberia into the Arctic Ocean. Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data of the TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X satellite mission served as input for the hydrodynamic modeling software HEC-RAS. The model resulted in inundation areas, flood depths, and flow velocities. The model accuracy assessed by comparing the multi-temporal modeled inundation areas with the satellite-derived inundation areas ranged between 65 and 95%, with kappa coefficients ranging between 0.78 and 0.97, showing moderate to almost perfect levels of agreement between the two inundation boundaries. Modeling results of high flow discharges show a better agreement with the satellite-derived inundation areas compared to that of lower flow discharges. Overall, the remote-sensing-based hydrodynamic modeling succeeded in indicating the increase and decrease in the inundation areas, flood depths, and flow velocities during the annual flood events.

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Groundwater Potential Zones in Relation to Catchment Condition in Orenburg, Russia

Information Technology and Nanotechnology ◽

10.18287/1613-0073-2019-2391-60-65 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 60-65

Author(s):

K Choudhary ◽

M S Boori ◽

A Kupriyanov

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Land Use ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Ground Truth ◽

Groundwater Potential ◽

Groundwater Potential Zone ◽

Potential Zone ◽

Ground Truth Data ◽

Groundwater Availability ◽

Sensing Data

The main objective of this study was to detect groundwater availability for agriculture in the Orenburg, Russia. Remote sensing data (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) were used to locate potential zones for groundwater in Orenburg. Diverse maps such as a base map, geomorphological, geological structural, lithology, drainage, slope, land use/cover and groundwater potential zone were prepared using the satellite remote sensing data, ground truth data, and secondary data. ArcGIS software was utilized to manipulate these data sets. The groundwater availability of the study was classified into different classes such as very high, high, moderate, low and very low based on its hydro-geomorphological conditions. The land use/cover map was prepared using a digital classification technique with the limited ground truth for mapping irrigated areas in the Orenburg, Russia.

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Importance of the Collection of Abundant Ground‐Truth Data for Accurate Detection of Spatial and Temporal Variability of Vegetation by Satellite Remote Sensing

Biogeochemical Cycles - Geophysical Monograph Series ◽

10.1002/9781119413332.ch11 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 223-244

Author(s):

Shin Nagai ◽

Kenlo Nishida Nasahara ◽

Tomoko Kawaguchi Akitsu ◽

Taku M. Saitoh ◽

Hiroyuki Muraoka

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Temporal Variability ◽

Satellite Remote Sensing ◽

Ground Truth ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽

Ground Truth Data ◽

Accurate Detection

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Vegetation Cover Change Detection and Assessment in Arid Environment Using Multi-temporal Remote Sensing images and Ecosystem Management Approach

10.5194/se-2016-31 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anwar Abdelrahman Aly ◽

Abdulrasoul Mosa Al-Omran ◽

Abdulazeam Shahwan Sallam ◽

Mohammad Ibrahim Al-Wabel ◽

Mohammad Shayaa Al-Shayaa

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Ecosystem Management ◽

Vegetation Cover ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Ground Truth ◽

Arid Environment ◽

Management Approach ◽

Landsat Images ◽

Ground Truth Data ◽

Multi Temporal

Abstract. Vegetation cover (VC) changes detection is essential for a better understanding of the interactions and interrelationships between humans and their ecosystem. Remote sensing (RS) technology is one of the most beneficial tools to study spatial and temporal changes of VC. A case study has been conducted in the agro-ecosystem (AE) of Al-Kharj, in the centre of Saudi Arabia. Characteristics and dynamics of VC changes during a period of 26 years (1987–2013) were investigated. A multi-temporal set of images was processed using Landsat images; Landsat4 TM 1987, Landsat7 ETM+ 2000, and Landsat8 2013. The VC pattern and changes were linked to both natural and social processes to investigate the drivers responsible for the change. The analyses of the three satellite images concluded that the surface area of the VC increased by 107.4 % between 1987 and 2000, it was decreased by 27.5 % between years 2000 and 2013. The field study, review of secondary data and community problem diagnosis using the participatory rural appraisal (PRA) method suggested that the drivers for this change are the deterioration and salinization of both soil and water resources. Ground truth data indicated that the deteriorated soils in the eastern part of the Al-Kharj AE are frequently subjected to sand dune encroachment; while the south-western part is frequently subjected to soil and groundwater salinization. The groundwater in the western part of the ecosystem is highly saline, with a salinity ≥ 6 dS m−1. The ecosystem management approach applied in this study can be used to alike AE worldwide.

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Soil salinity assessment using temporal series of Sentinel2 satellite images in irrigated paddy fields of Western Africa

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-11855 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Moussa Issaka ◽

Walter Christian ◽

Michot Didier ◽

Pichelin Pascal ◽

Nicolas Hervé ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Soil Salinity ◽

Ground Truth ◽

Growing Season ◽

Bare Soil ◽

Atmospheric Effects ◽

Ground Truth Data ◽

Multi Temporal ◽

Salinity Index ◽

Niger River

Salinization and alkalinization are worldwide among the soil degradation threats in irrigated schemes affecting soil productivity. Niger River basin irrigated schemes in the Sahel arid zone are no exception (ONAHA, 2011). The use of remote sensing for identifying and evaluating the level of these phenomena is an interesting tool. The launching of the Sentinel2 satellite constellation (2015) brings new perspectives with high spectral and temporal resolutions images. The aim of this study was to develop a methodology for detection of salt-affected soils in this climatic condition.To achieve our goal, we used two types of data: remote sensing and ground truth data.Two complementary approaches were used: one by observing salinity on bare soil by the use of salinity index (SI) and the other by observing the indirect effects of salinity on the vegetation during eight (8) rice growth phases &#160;using vegetation index NDVI.Remote sensing data were acquired from multi temporal sentinel2 images over 4 years (from 11/12/2015 to 30/11/2019). One hundred and fifty seven (157) images were downloaded (one image each 5 days) and corrected from atmospheric effects and some bands resampled to 5 m using python software. The salinity and vegetation indices were calculated. NDVI index was calculated and NDVI integral between NDVI curve and the threshold of 0.21 NDVI calculated for the eight growing cycles.Ground truth data were collected in 2019 during the dry growing season (January &#8211; may 2019) from 24 calibration plots and 40 validation plots. One hundred and twenty (120) soil samples collected and analyzed for pH and electrical conductivity and finally forty six (46) biomass samples were collected, air dried and weighed for biomass yield and 46 grains samples collected for grain yield.NDVI integral proved to be good indicator for yield variations and could distinguish crops behavior according to the growing period. It also makes it possible to distinguish plots which were not cultivated or with weak growth due to strong constraints of which the main one is salinity. It showed also that the effect of salinity on growth differs according to the growing season and the possibility of managing irrigation. Bare soil analysis distinguishes fields with different salinity indexes despite the low number of dates for which bare soil can be observed.Ascending Hierarchical Classification (AHC) enabled to identify four classes of NDVI dynamics over time and bare soil salinity index. High saline soils according to direct soil measurements were related to the class characterized by high frequency of no-cultivation during the dry season and low NDVI integral during the wet season. Multi-temporal Sentinel2 images analysis enabled therefore to detect rice crop fields affected by salinity through its influence on crop behavior. This approach will be tested over the whole paddy schemes of the Niger River valley.

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EFFICACITE DES IMAGES RADAR ET INFRAROUGE THERMIQUE, ET DE LA PHOTO COULEUR INFRAROUGE POUR L’INVENTAIRE DES CULTURES

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps80-158 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 1077-1085

Author(s):

ROGER PAQUIN ◽

GILLES LADOUCEUR

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Ground Truth ◽

Thermal Infrared ◽

Infrared Imagery ◽

Ground Truth Data ◽

Infrared Photography ◽

Remote Sensing Technique ◽

Field Crops ◽

Radar Imagery ◽

Thermal Infrared Imagery

Crops from 888 fields in a 300-km2 area between Rougemont and St-Hyacinthe were surveyed to compare the efficiency of radar (3–80 cm) and thermal infrared (8–14 μm) imagery with color infrared photography for crop identification. The color infrared photography and the thermal infrared imagery were taken by the Canadian Centre for Remote Sensing on 11 Aug. 1978, and the radar imagery by Intera on 19 Aug. The analysis of the thermal infrared imagery showed some correlations with the ground truth data, but the image could not be used in crop identification. Accordingly, observations from radar imagery could not serve in crop identification. However, similarities were observed between the radar and the thermal infrared imageries. The results showed once more that the color infrared photography as a remote sensing technique is the most useful to survey field crops.

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Approaching Freshet beneath Landfast Ice in Kugmallit Bay on the Canadian Arctic Shelf: Evidence from Sensor and Ground Truth Data

ARCTIC ◽

10.14430/arctic8 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 76 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Tony R. Walker ◽

Jon Grant ◽

Peter Jarvis

Keyword(s):

Arctic Ocean ◽

Ground Truth ◽

Open Water ◽

Early Spring ◽

The Arctic ◽

Ground Truth Data ◽

The North ◽

Landfast Ice ◽

North American Arctic ◽

Mackenzie River

The Mackenzie River is the largest river in the North American Arctic. Its huge freshwater and sediment load impacts the Canadian Beaufort Shelf, transporting large quantities of sediment and associated organic carbon into the Arctic Ocean. The majority of this sediment transport occurs during the freshet peak flow season (May to June). Mackenzie River-Arctic Ocean coupling has been widely studied during open water seasons, but has rarely been investigated in shallow water under landfast ice in Kugmallit Bay with field-based surveys, except for those using remote sensing. We observed and measured sedimentation rates (51 g m-2 d-1) and the concentrations of chlorophyll a (mean 2.2 ?g L-1) and suspended particulate matter (8.5 mg L-1) and determined the sediment characteristics during early spring, before the breakup of landfast ice in Kugmallit Bay. We then compared these results with comparable data collected from the same site the previous summer. Comparison of organic quality in seston and trapped material demonstrated substantial seasonal differences. The subtle changes in biological and oceanographic variables beneath landfast ice that we measured using sensors and field sampling techniques suggest the onset of a spring melt occurring hundreds of kilometres farther south in the Mackenzie Basin.

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