scholarly journals Internet of Bikes: A DTN Protocol with Data Aggregation for Urban Data Collection

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosra Zguira ◽  
Hervé Rivano ◽  
Aref Meddeb
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Aggregation ◽  
Delay Tolerant Network ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
Dtn Routing ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
Spatiotemporal Aggregation ◽  
Delay Tolerant ◽  
Global World

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are an essential part of the global world. They play a substantial role for facing many issues such as traffic jams, high accident rates, unhealthy lifestyles, air pollution, etc. Public bike sharing system is one part of ITS and can be used to collect data from mobiles devices. In this paper, we propose an efficient, “Internet of Bikes”, IoB-DTN routing protocol based on data aggregation which applies the Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) paradigm to Internet of Things (IoT) applications running data collection on urban bike sharing system based sensor network. We propose and evaluate three variants of IoB-DTN: IoB based on spatial aggregation (IoB-SA), IoB based on temporal aggregation (IoB-TA) and IoB based on spatiotemporal aggregation (IoB-STA). The simulation results show that the three variants offer the best performances regarding several metrics, comparing to IoB-DTN without aggregation and the low-power long-range technology, LoRa type. In an urban application, the choice of the type of which variant of IoB should be used depends on the sensed values.

scholarly journals Delay Tolerant Network and the Algorithms of DTN Routing

2019 ◽  
Vol 1169 ◽  
pp. 012058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Chen Liu ◽  
Fangzheng Zhao ◽  
Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Delay Tolerant Network ◽  
Dtn Routing ◽  
Delay Tolerant

scholarly journals A Framework and Mathematical Modeling for the Vehicular Delay Tolerant Network Routing

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostofa Kamal Nasir ◽  
Rafidah Md. Noor ◽  
Mohsin Iftikhar ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
Ainuddin Wahid Abdul Wahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Routing ◽  
Packet Delivery Ratio ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
Delay Tolerant Network ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Intermediate Node ◽  
Packet Delivery ◽  
Dtn Routing ◽  
Delay Tolerant

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are getting growing interest as they are expected to play crucial role in making safer, smarter, and more efficient transportation networks. Due to unique characteristics such as sparse topology and intermittent connectivity, Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) routing in VANET becomes an inherent choice and is challenging. However, most of the existing DTN protocols do not accurately discover potential neighbors and, hence, appropriate intermediate nodes for packet transmission. Moreover, these protocols cause unnecessary overhead due to excessive beacon messages. To cope with these challenges, this paper presents a novel framework and an Adaptive Geographical DTN Routing (AGDR) for vehicular DTNs. AGDR exploits node position, current direction, speed, and the predicted direction to carefully select an appropriate intermediate node. Direction indicator light is employed to accurately predict the vehicle future direction so that the forwarding node can relay packets to the desired destination. Simulation experiments confirm the performance supremacy of AGDR compared to contemporary schemes in terms of packet delivery ratio, overhead, and end-to-end delay. Simulation results demonstrate that AGDR improves the packet delivery ratio (5–7%), reduces the overhead (1–5%), and decreases the delay (up to 0.02 ms). Therefore, AGDR improves route stability by reducing the frequency of route failures.

Validation of Fuzzy-Based Routing Algorithm for DTN

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 1931-1934
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Jia Zhe Lai ◽  
Ming Zhe Li
Keyword(s):  
Routing Algorithm ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Delay Tolerant Network ◽  
Research Issue ◽  
Network Environment ◽  
Opportunistic Network ◽  
Dtn Routing ◽  
Delay Tolerant ◽  
Spray And Wait

In the research of Delay Tolerant Network (DTN), DTN routing algorithm is a key research issue. The performance of a non-flooding routing algorithm is verified in our paper. The verified algorithm is an Adaptive Priority Routing Algorithm (APRA) which is based on fuzzy strategies. Firstly, we introduce the principle of APRA, then using Opportunistic Network Environment (ONE) -simulation software to compare the performance of Epidemic algorithm, Spray and Wait algorithm, PRoPHET algorithm and APRA. By comparing overhead of netword, rate of messages delivered and average dealy, it finds that the APRA performs better. At last, the weaknesses of this paper and further improvement are also discussed.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF AN ELECTRIC BICYCLE FOR A SHARING SYSTEM IN PRAGUE

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
William Deleenheer ◽  
Lukáš Jáneš ◽  
Akshaya Jayakumar
Keyword(s):  
Transport Systems ◽  
Data Recording ◽  
Motor Power ◽  
Intelligent Transport Systems ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Bike Sharing ◽  
Electric Bicycle

By means of a development of an e-bike sharing system the Electromobility Project wants to provide an alternative way of comfortable transportation for students and staff of the CTU, primarily to commute between different campuses. The research for this project contains at least three different fields of study, namely electric vehicle and docking station development, intelligent transport systems and management and economics of transportation and telecommunication. After briefly stating general requirements for the sharing system, this paper focuses on the development of the electric bicycle. First an ideal bike design is defined. Then necessary motor power and battery capacity are calculated by estimating characteristics of cycling in Prague. A prototype was developed by converting a normal bicycle to an electric bicycle. Being equipped with devices for e-bike monitoring, controlling and data recording for a post trip analysis, this prototype is also intended to have an educational value for future students in the project. Results consist of an electrical bicycle configuration that matches the requirements and a sketch of an ideal e-bike for this project.

scholarly journals A Probabilistic VDTN Routing Scheme Based on Hybrid Swarm-Based Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Youcef Azzoug ◽  
Abdelmadjid Boukra ◽  
Vasco N. G. J. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Delay Tolerant Network ◽  
Relay Nodes ◽  
Hybrid Swarm ◽  
Recovery Method ◽  
Delivery Delay ◽  
Delivery Probability ◽  
Glowworm Swarm Optimization ◽  
Dtn Routing ◽  
Metaheuristic Techniques ◽  
Delay Tolerant

The probabilistic Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) routing has been adjusted for vehicular network (VANET) routing through numerous works exploiting the historic routing profile of nodes to forward bundles through better Store-Carry-and-Forward (SCF) relay nodes. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid swarm-inspired probabilistic Vehicular DTN (VDTN) router to optimize the next-SCF vehicle selection using the combination of two bio-metaheuristic techniques called the Firefly Algorithm (FA) and the Glowworm Swarm Optimization (GSO). The FA-based strategy exploits the stochastic intelligence of fireflies in moving toward better individuals, while the GSO-based strategy mimics the movement of glowworm towards better area for displacing and food foraging. Both FA and GSO are executed simultaneously on each node to track better SCF vehicles towards each bundle’s destination. A geography-based recovery method is performed in case no better SCF vehicles are found using the hybrid FA–GSO approach. The proposed FA–GSO VDTN scheme is compared to ProPHET and GeoSpray routers. The simulation results indicated optimized bundles flooding levels and higher profitability of combined delivery delay and delivery probability.

scholarly journals How to Enable Delay Tolerant Network Solutions for Internet of Things: From Taxonomy to Open Challenges

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Selma Bounsiar ◽  
Fatima Zohra Benhamida ◽  
Abderrazak Henni ◽  
Diego López de Ipiña ◽  
Diego Casado Mansilla
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Delay Tolerant Network ◽  
Dtn Routing ◽  
Communication Challenges ◽  
Delay Tolerant ◽  
Open Issues

Internet of Things (IoT) is witnessing an increasing range of application domains (industry 4.0, eHealth, smart city, etc.). Meanwhile, IoT is still facing communication challenges because of limited capabilities in computing, storage and energy constraints of smart objects. The use of Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) as basis for communication in IoT is promising but needs more development. In this paper, we present a literature review and a classification of DTN routing protocols. Furthermore, we survey a number of DTN solutions for IoT and propose a new taxonomy to motivate the importance of enabling DTN for IoT applications. The novelty of this classification is the focus on X-DTN category, which combines Delay Tolerant schemes with new technologies (e.g., Fog Computing). We also point out some open issues for potential Delay Tolerant IoT schemes.

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