A Survey of Practical Design Considerations of Optical Imaging Stabilization Systems for Small Unmanned Aerial Systems

Optical imaging systems are one of the most common sensors used for collecting data with small Unmanned Aerial Systems (sUAS). Plenty of research exists which present custom-made optical imaging systems for specific missions. However, the research commonly leaves out the explanation of design parameters and considerations taken during the design of the optical imaging system, especially the image stabilization strategy used, which is a significant issue in sUAS imaging missions. This paper surveys useful methodologies for designing a stabilized optical imaging system by presenting an overview of the important aspects that must be addressed in the designing phase and which tools and techniques are available and should be chosen according to the design requirements.

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Imaging Systems in Search and Rescue: Implications for Geographic Orientation

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193120204600135 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 170-174

Author(s):

Jocelyn Keillor ◽

Karen J. Hodges ◽

Michael Perlin ◽

Nada Ivanovic ◽

J.G. Hollands

Keyword(s):

Optical Imaging ◽

Imaging System ◽

Frame Of Reference ◽

Search And Rescue ◽

Imaging Systems ◽

Terrain Model ◽

Optical Imaging System ◽

Traditional Process

Optical imaging systems have the potential to dramatically change the task of a search and rescue technician. An important difference between the traditional process of “looking out the window” and search conducted with the aid of an optical imaging system is that in the case of imaging systems the frame of reference for the viewed display is de-coupled from the technician's frame of reference. We examined the ability of a moving-map display that recorded the locations of designated targets to support geographic orientation in operators with and without knowledge of the modeled terrain. Participants who did not have knowledge of the terrain benefited from the moving map, as when it was present they were less likely to re-identify targets that they had already viewed, whereas those who were already familiar with the terrain model showed no benefit from this manipulation. Both groups had difficulty localizing targets on a map following flight, and the two groups did not differ in their ability to initially detect targets using the system.

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Design and Implementation Guidelines for a Modular Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Scanner

International Journal of Optics ◽

10.1155/2018/3726207 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Farid Atry ◽

Israel Jacob De La Rosa ◽

Kevin R. Rarick ◽

Ramin Pashaie

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Imaging System ◽

Optical Design ◽

Spectral Domain ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Custom Made ◽

Essential Knowledge ◽

Sd Oct

In the past decades, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) has transformed into a widely popular imaging technology which is used in many research and clinical applications. Despite such fast growth in the field, the technology has not been readily accessible to many research laboratories either due to the cost or inflexibility of the commercially available systems or due to the lack of essential knowledge in the field of optics to develop custom-made scanners that suit specific applications. This paper aims to provide a detailed discussion on the design and development process of a typical SD-OCT scanner. The effects of multiple design parameters, for the main optical and optomechanical components, on the overall performance of the imaging system are analyzed and discussions are provided to serve as a guideline for the development of a custom SD-OCT system. While this article can be generalized for different applications, we will demonstrate the design of a SD-OCT system and representative results for in vivo brain imaging. We explain procedures to measure the axial and transversal resolutions and field of view of the system and to understand the discrepancies between the experimental and theoretical values. The specific aim of this piece is to facilitate the process of constructing custom-made SD-OCT scanners for research groups with minimum understanding of concepts in optical design and medical imaging.

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Dual-mode optical imaging system for fluorescence image-guided surgery

Optics Letters ◽

10.1364/ol.39.003830 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 39 (13) ◽

pp. 3830 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nan Zhu ◽

Suman Mondal ◽

Shengkui Gao ◽

Samuel Achilefua ◽

Viktor Gruev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Imaging ◽

Imaging System ◽

Image Guided Surgery ◽

Dual Mode ◽

Fluorescence Image ◽

Guided Surgery ◽

Image Guided ◽

Optical Imaging System

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An airborne thematic thermal infrared and electro-optical imaging system

10.1117/12.902436 ◽

2011 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiuhong Sun ◽

Peter Shu

Keyword(s):

Optical Imaging ◽

Imaging System ◽

Thermal Infrared ◽

Optical Imaging System

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Development of a Flexible and Expandable UTM Simulator Based on Open Sources and Platforms

Aerospace ◽

10.3390/aerospace8050133 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 133

Author(s):

Sugjoon Yoon ◽

Dongcho Shin ◽

Younghoon Choi ◽

Kyungtae Park

Keyword(s):

Operating System ◽

Field Study ◽

Traffic Control ◽

Traffic Management ◽

Ground Control ◽

Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽

Present Design ◽

Independent Process ◽

Design Requirements ◽

Aerial Systems

In order to study air traffic control of UAS’s (Unmanned Aerial Systems) in very low altitudes, the UTM (UAS Traffic Management) simulator has to be as flexible and expandable as other research simulators because relevant technologies and regulations are not matured enough at this stage. Available approaches using open sources and platforms are investigated to be used in the UTM simulator. The fundamental rationale for selection is availability of necessary resources to build a UTM simulator. Integration efforts to build a UTM simulator are elaborated, using Ardupilot, MavProxi, Cesium, and VWorld, which are selected from the thorough field study. Design requirements of a UTM simulator are determined by analyzing UTM services defined by NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) and Eurocontrol. The UTM simulator, named eUTM, is composed of three components: UOS (UTM Operating System), UTM, and multiple GCSs (Ground Control Stations). GCSs are responsible for generation of flight paths of various UASs. UTM component copies functions of a real UTM such as monitoring and controlling air spaces. UOS provides simulation of environment such as weather, and controls the whole UTM simulator system. UOS also generates operation scenarios of UTM, and resides on the same UTM computer as an independent process. Two GCS simulators are connected to the UTM simulator in the present configuration, but the UTM simulator can be expanded to include up to 10 GCS simulators in the present design. In order to demonstrate the flexibility and expandability of eUTM simulator, several operation scenarios are realized and typical deconfliction scenarios among them are tested with a deconfliction algorithm. During the study, some limits are identified with applied open sources and platforms, which have to be resolved in order to obtain a flexible and expandable UTM simulator supporting relevant studies. Most of them are related to interfacing individual sources and platforms which use different program languages and communication drivers.

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