scholarly journals Multi-Channel Real-Time Condition Monitoring System Based on Wideband Vibration Analysis of Motor Shafts Using SAW RFID Tags Coupled with Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 5398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pau Caldero ◽  
Dominik Zoeke
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Vibration Monitoring ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Vibration Measurements ◽  
Rotating Machine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Machine Parts ◽  
Real Time Identification

While there is a wide range of approaches to monitor industrial machinery through their static components, rotating components are usually harder to monitor, since sensors are difficult to be mounted on them and continuously read during operation. However, the characteristics of rotating components may provide useful information about the machine condition to be included in monitoring algorithms, specially for long-term data analysis. In this work, wireless vibration monitoring of rotating machine parts is investigated using surface acoustic wave (SAW) radio frequency identification (RFID) tags coupled with sensors. The proposed augmented transponder solution, combined with low-latency interrogation and signal processing, enables real-time identification and wideband vibration sensing. On top of that, a multi-channel interrogation approach is used to compensate motion effects. This approach enhances the signal-to-noise ratio of low-power high-frequency components present on the vibration signatures and enables discriminant information extraction from rotating machine parts. Final feasibility is evaluated with induction motors and vibration measurements on rotating shafts are verified. In addition, a condition classification algorithm is implemented in an experimental setup based on different motor states. The results of this work open the possibility to feed predictive maintenance algorithms using new features extracted in real-time from wideband vibration measurements on rotating components.

scholarly journals Viaxl: A Solution of a Low-Cost Real-Time Visual Accelerometer Based on Laser Speckle Optical Flow Detection

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 7033
Author(s):  
Zhitian Li ◽  
Wuhao Yang ◽  
Xingyin Xiong ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Xudong Zou
Keyword(s):  
Optical Flow ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Laser Speckle ◽  
Vibration Monitoring ◽  
Acceleration Measurement ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flow Detection

Non-contact and non-destructive acceleration measurement is receiving considerable attention due to their low cost, flexibility, and simplicity of implementation, as well as their excellent performance in some emerging applications such as medical electronics applications, vibration monitoring, and some other special scenarios. In this paper, a visual accelerometer system based on laser speckle optical flow detection named Viaxl is proposed. Compared with the conventional non-contact acceleration measurement method based on a laser system, Viaxl has moderate and stable performance with the advantages of low cost and simplicity of implementation. Experiment results demonstrate that Viaxl, which consists of a commercial camera and a low-cost laser pointer, can achieve real-time, non-contact acceleration measurement, and confirm the basic system performance of Viaxl: a measurement nonlinearity better than 1.3%, up to 31 dB signal-to-noise ratio, and 1150 Hz theoretic bandwidth; this demonstrates the huge potential of Viaxl in a wide range of applications, and provides a new possible technical method for non-contact acceleration detection.

scholarly journals Real-Time Layered Video Compression using SIMD Computation

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (45) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Vadskær Jensen ◽  
Brian Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Video Compression ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Video Stream ◽  
Video Codec ◽  
Discrete Cosine Transforms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Layered Video ◽  
The Difference

We present the design and implementation of a high performance layered video codec, designed for deployment in bandwidth heterogeneous networks. The codec combines wavelet based subband decomposition and discrete cosine transforms to facilitate layered spatial and SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) coding for bit-rate adaptation to a wide range of receiver capabilities. We show how a test video stream can be partitioned into several distinct layers of increasing visual quality and bandwidth requirements, with the difference between highest and lowest requirement being 47 : 1. Through the use of the Visual Instruction Set on SUN's Ultra-SPARC platform we demonstrate how SIMD parallel image processing enables real-time layered encoding and decoding in software. Our 384 * 320 * 24-bit test video stream is partitioned into 21 layers at a speed of 39 frames per second and reconstructed at 28 frames per second. Our VIS accelerated encoder stages are about 3-4 times as fast as an optimized C version. We find that this speed-up is well worth the extra implementation effort.

scholarly journals Robust Detection for Chipless RFID Tags Based on Compact Printable Alphabets

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 4785
Author(s):  
Rmili ◽  
Oussama ◽  
Yousaf ◽  
Hakim ◽  
Mittra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Ground Plane ◽  
Dielectric Substrate ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Robust Detection ◽  
The Impact

This work presents a novel technique for designing chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tags which, unlike the traditional tags with complex geometries, are both compact and printable. The tags themselves are alphabets, which offers the advantage of efficient visual recognition of the transmitted data in real-time via radio frequency (RF) waves. In this study, the alphabets (e.g., a, b and c) are realized by using copper etching on a thin dielectric substrate (TLX-8) backed by a ground plane. It is shown that the original signature of the frequency response of the backscattered radar cross-section (RCS) of the letter, displays dips that are unique to the individual letters. The tags have been simulated, fabricated and their monostatic cross-sections have been measured by using a dual-polarized Vivaldi antenna in the frequency band ranging from 6 to 13 GHz. The study also includes, for the first time, a detailed analysis of the impact of changing the shape of the tag owing to variation in the font type, size, spacing, and orientation. The proposed letters of the alphabet are easily printable on the tag and provide an efficient way to visually recognized them and, hence, to detect them in a robust way, even with a low coding density of 2.63 bit/cm2. The advantages of the proposed novel identification method, i.e., utilization of the both co- and cross-polar RCS characteristics for the printable clipless RFID tags are the enhancement of the coding density, security and better detection of the alphabet tags with different fonts by capturing the tag characteristics with better signal to noise ratio (SNR). Good agreement has been achieved between the measured and simulated results for both co- and cross-polarized cases.

scholarly journals Laboratory verification of Fast & Furious phase diversity: Towards controlling the low wind effect in the SPHERE instrument

2018 ◽  
Vol 615 ◽  
pp. A34 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Wilby ◽  
C. U. Keller ◽  
J.-F. Sauvage ◽  
K. Dohlen ◽  
T. Fusco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Wind Effect ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Phase Diversity ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Predictive Simulations

Context. The low wind effect (LWE) refers to a characteristic set of quasi-static wavefront aberrations seen consistently by the SPHERE instrument when dome-level wind speeds drop below 3 ms−1. The LWE produces bright low-order speckles in the stellar point-spread function (PSF), which severely limit the contrast performance of SPHERE under otherwise optimal observing conditions. Aims. In this paper we propose the Fast & Furious (F&F) phase diversity algorithm as a viable software-only solution for real-time LWE compensation, which would utilise image sequences from the SPHERE differential tip-tilt sensor (DTTS) and apply corrections via reference slope offsets on the AO system’s Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. Methods. We evaluated the closed-loop performance of F&F on the MITHIC high-contrast test-bench, under conditions emulating LWE-affected DTTS images. These results were contrasted with predictive simulations for a variety of convergence tests, in order to assess the expected performance of an on-sky implementation of F&F in SPHERE. Results. The algorithm was found to be capable of returning LWE-affected images to Strehl ratios of greater than 90% within five iterations, for all appropriate laboratory test cases. These results are highly representative of predictive simulations, and demonstrate stability of the algorithm against a wide range of factors including low image signal-to-noise ratio (S/N), small image field of view, and amplitude errors. It was also found in simulation that closed-loop stability can be preserved down to image S/N as low as five while still improving overall wavefront quality, allowing for reliable operation even on faint targets. Conclusions. The Fast & Furious algorithm is an extremely promising solution for real-time compensation of the LWE, which can operate simultaneously with science observations and may be implemented in SPHERE without requiring additional hardware. The robustness and relatively large effective dynamic range of F&F also make it suitable for general wavefront optimisation applications, including the co-phasing of segmented ELT-class telescopes.

scholarly journals Performance, Accuracy and Generalization Capability of RFID Tags’ Constellation for Indoor Localization

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Hatem ◽  
Sara Abou-Chakra ◽  
Elizabeth Colin ◽  
Jean-Marc Laheurte ◽  
Bachar El-Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Indoor Localization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Cumulative Distribution ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Library Management ◽  
Single Output ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Frequency Identification

Indoor localization has recently witnessed an increase in interest due to its wide range of potential services. Further, the location information is very important in many applications, such as the Internet of Things, logistics, library management and so on. Hence, different technologies and techniques have been proposed in the literature for indoor localization systems. Most of these systems present the disadvantages of a poor performance, low accuracy and high cost. However, thanks to its low cost, high accuracy and non-line-of-sight detection, radio frequency identification (RFID)-based localization has increasingly become the most used technology for indoor localization. In this paper, we propose an innovative approach based on the multiple input single output (MISO) protocol to improve the accuracy of a low-cost RFID localization system. Whereas most traditional systems use a single tag for localization, the proposed architecture encourages the use of a group of RFID tags named as a constellation. According to experimental results and based on the signals’ diversity, the location accuracy is improved to get an estimated position error of 81 cm at the cumulative distribution function of 90%.

Cluster-Based Multipolling Sequencing Algorithm for Collecting RFID Data in Wireless LANs

Frequenz ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Woo-Yong Choi ◽  
Mainak Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Sequencing Algorithm ◽  
Dynamic Search ◽  
Rfid Data ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Random Sequencing

AbstractWith the growing use of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), it is becoming important to devise ways to read RFID tags in real time. Access points (APs) of IEEE 802.11-based wireless Local Area Networks (LANs) are being integrated with RFID networks that can efficiently collect real-time RFID data. Several schemes, such as multipolling methods based on the dynamic search algorithm and random sequencing, have been proposed. However, as the number of RFID readers associated with an AP increases, it becomes difficult for the dynamic search algorithm to derive the multipolling sequence in real time. Though multipolling methods can eliminate the polling overhead, we still need to enhance the performance of the multipolling methods based on random sequencing. To that extent, we propose a real-time cluster-based multipolling sequencing algorithm that drastically eliminates more than 90% of the polling overhead, particularly so when the dynamic search algorithm fails to derive the multipolling sequence in real time.

scholarly journals Innovations in Monitoring Conveyor Belts with Implemented RFID Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 03002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Marasova ◽  
Michal Cehlar ◽  
Lubomir Ambrisko ◽  
Vladimir Taraba ◽  
Nikola Staricna
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Thermal Ageing ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Conveyor Belts ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Belt Conveyors

Belt conveyors are used as efficient conveyance systems for the continuous transportation of materials. However, they are also used for a wide range of applications in the transport of ores and non-metallic materials. The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) system represents a key technology in many industries due to its ability of automatic data processing. The purpose of the present article is to discuss the implementation of RFID tags into fabric conveyor belts as carriers of the information on conveyor belts (ozone-induced ageing or accelerated thermal ageing, damage to cover layers and the carcass, and ignition). During the monitoring, it is important to record conveyor belt failures and damage causes, as well as other problems arising during the use of belt conveyors. The article presents the results of the experimental research on RFID tags and the analysis of their behaviour in accelerated thermal ageing. This facilitates simulating the conditions of hot vulcanisation of conveyor belts, especially when splicing (as well as producing) them, and of ozone-induced ageing of conveyor belts. The output of the article is the verification of the possibility to implement the RFID technology in the transport of mineral materials by belt conveyance systems in real operations.

Real-Time Tracking and Locating of Radioactive Source in Transport

2015 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 763-766
Author(s):  
Xian Wei Wang ◽  
Hong Wu Qin
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
Radioactive Source ◽  
Location Information ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Transport Vehicle ◽  
Real Time Tracking

This paper deals with securing radioactive source by continuously monitoring system, which is made of RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) reader and tags respectively. The RFID tags that are attached to the transport packages can send information at preset interval, to reader mounted in the cargo bay of the transport vehicle. When an alarm state is encountered by any of the sensors in the tag, the location information of the item using GPS is promptly sent to the monitoring center via the GPRS network. The experiments show that the real-time tracking system is an important prerequisite for ensuring safety of radioactive source in transport.

scholarly journals An Approach for Managing Manufacturing Assets through Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Borja Ramis Ferrer ◽  
Jose Martinez Lastra
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Mems Sensors ◽  
Radio Frequency Energy ◽  
Rf Signals

The manufacturing industry requests novel solutions that will permit enterprises to stay competitive in the market. This leads to decisions being made based on different technologies that are focused on real-time accurate measurement and monitoring of manufacturing assets. In the context of traceability, radio frequency identification (RFID) tags have been traditionally used for tracking, monitoring, and collecting data of various manufacturing resources operating along the value chain. RFID tags and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) sensors enable the monitoring of manufacturing assets by providing real-time data. Such devices are usually powered by batteries that need regular maintenance, which in turn leads to delays that affect the overall manufacturing process time. This article presents a low-cost approach to detect and measure radio frequency (RF) signals in assembly lines for optimizing the manufacturing operations in the manufacturing industry. Through the detection and measurement of RF signals, the RF energy can be harvested at certain locations on the assembly line. Then, the harvested energy can be supplied to the MEMS sensors, minimizing the regular maintenance for checking and replacing batteries. This leads to an increase in the operational efficiency and an overall reduction in operational and maintenance costs.

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