scholarly journals Spatial-Light-Modulator-Based Multichannel Data Transmission by Vortex Beams of Various Orders

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2988
Author(s):  
Svetlana N. Khonina ◽  
Sergey V. Karpeev ◽  
Muhammad A. Butt
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Light Modulator ◽  
Light Modulators ◽  
Multichannel Data ◽  
Vortex Beams ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Channel Separation

We report an atmospheric multichannel data transmission system with channel separation by vortex beams of various orders, including half-integer values. For the demultiplexing of the communication channels, a multichannel diffractive optical element (DOE) is proposed, being matched with the used vortex beams. The considered approach may be realized without digital processing of the output images, but only based on the numbers of informative diffraction orders, similar to sorting. The system is implemented based on two spatial light modulators (SLMs), one of which forms a multiplexed signal on the transmitting side, and the other implements a multichannel DOE for separating the vortex beams on the receiving side. The stability of the communication channel to atmospheric interference and the crosstalk between the channels are investigated.

scholarly journals UV Durable LCOS for Laser Processing

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1047
Author(s):  
Yasuki Sakurai ◽  
Masashi Nishitateno ◽  
Masahiro Ito ◽  
Kohki Takatoh
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Laser Processing ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Laser Material Processing ◽  
Light Modulator ◽  
Light Modulators ◽  
Liquid Crystal On Silicon ◽  
Wavelength Light

Liquid-Crystal-On-Silicon (LCOS) Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) is widely used as a programmable adaptive optical element in many laser processing applications with various wavelength light sources. We report UV durable liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulators for one-shot laser material processing. Newly developed LCOS consists of UV transparent materials and shows a lifetime 480 times longer than the conventional one in 9.7 W/cm2 illumination at 355 nm. We investigated the durability of polymerization inhibitor mixed liquid crystal in order to extend its lifetime.

scholarly journals Holographic Display System to Suppress Speckle Noise Based on Beam Shaping

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Di Wang ◽  
Yi-Wei Zheng ◽  
Nan-Nan Li ◽  
Qiong-Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Optical Element ◽  
Speckle Noise ◽  
Beam Shaping ◽  
Diffractive Optical Element ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Viewing Angle ◽  
Display System ◽  
Holographic Display ◽  
Light Modulators

In this paper, a holographic system to suppress the speckle noise is proposed. Two spatial light modulators (SLMs) are used in the system, one of which is used for beam shaping, and the other is used for reproducing the image. By calculating the effective viewing angle of the reconstructed image, the effective hologram and the effective region of the SLM are calculated accordingly. Then, the size of the diffractive optical element (DOE) is calculated accordingly. The dynamic DOEs and effective hologram are loaded on the effective regions of the two SLMs, respectively, while the wasted areas of the two SLMs are performed with zero-padded operations. When the laser passes through the first SLM, the light can be modulated by the effective DOEs. When the modulated beam illuminates the second SLM which is loaded with the effective hologram, the image is reconstructed with better quality and lower speckle noise. Moreover, the calculation time of the hologram is reduced. Experiments indicate the validity of the proposed system.

scholarly journals Diffraction Efficiency Characteristics for MEMS-Based Phase-Only Spatial Light Modulator with Nonlinear Phase Distribution

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Remington S. Ketchum ◽  
Pierre-Alexandre Blanche
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Efficiency ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Light Modulator ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Light Modulators ◽  
Nonlinear Phase ◽  
Liquid Crystal On Silicon

Micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS)-based phase-only spatial light modulators (PLMs) have the potential to overcome the limited speed of liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) spatial light modulators (SLMs) and operate at speeds faster than 10 kHz. This expands the practicality of PLMs to several applications, including communications, sensing, and high-speed displays. The complex structure and fabrication requirements for large, 2D MEMS arrays with vertical actuation have kept MEMS-based PLMs out of the market in favor of LCoS SLMs. Recently, Texas Instruments has adapted its existing DMD technology for fabricating MEMS-based PLMs. Here, we characterize the diffraction efficiency for one of these PLMs and examine the effect of a nonlinear distribution of addressable phase states across a range of wavelengths and illumination angles.

scholarly journals Phase-only transmissive spatial light modulator based on tunable dielectric metasurface

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 364 (6445) ◽  
pp. 1087-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Qiang Li ◽  
Xuewu Xu ◽  
Rasna Maruthiyodan Veetil ◽  
Vytautas Valuckas ◽  
Ramón Paniagua-Domínguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Light Modulator ◽  
Deflection Angle ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Beam Deflection ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Light Modulator ◽  
Steering Angle ◽  
Holographic Display ◽  
Light Modulators

Rapidly developing augmented reality, solid-state light detection and ranging (LIDAR), and holographic display technologies require spatial light modulators (SLMs) with high resolution and viewing angle to satisfy increasing customer demands. Performance of currently available SLMs is limited by their large pixel sizes on the order of several micrometers. Here, we propose a concept of tunable dielectric metasurfaces modulated by liquid crystal, which can provide abrupt phase change, thus enabling pixel-size miniaturization. We present a metasurface-based transmissive SLM, configured to generate active beam steering with >35% efficiency and a large beam deflection angle of 11°. The high resolution and steering angle obtained provide opportunities to develop the next generation of LIDAR and display technologies.

scholarly journals Progress in Phase Calibration for Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulators

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rujia Li ◽  
Liangcai Cao
Keyword(s):  
Optical Tweezers ◽  
Phase Modulation ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Light Modulator ◽  
Holographic Display ◽  
Light Modulators ◽  
Interferometric Phase ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Phase Calibration ◽  
Potential Methods

Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) is one of the most widely used devices for phase modulation. It has been successfully applied in the field with requirements of precision phase modulation such as holographic display, optical tweezers, lithography, etc. However, due to the limitations in the manufacturing process, the grayscale-phase response could be different for every single SLM device, even varying on sections of an SLM panel. A diverse array of calibration methods have been proposed and could be sorted into two categories: the interferometric phase calibration methods and the diffractive phase calibration methods. The principles of phase-only SLM are introduced. The main phase calibration methods are discussed and reviewed. The advantages of these methods are analyzed and compared. The potential methods for different applications are suggested.

scholarly journals High-speed multiplane structured illumination microscopy of living cells using an image-splitting prism

Nanophotonics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Adrien Descloux ◽  
Marcel Müller ◽  
Vytautas Navikas ◽  
Andreas Markwirth ◽  
Robin van den Eynde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Structured Illumination ◽  
Structured Illumination Microscopy ◽  
Image Stack ◽  
Light Modulators ◽  
3D Information

AbstractSuper-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) can be conducted at video-rate acquisition speeds when combined with high-speed spatial light modulators and sCMOS cameras, rendering it particularly suitable for live-cell imaging. If, however, three-dimensional (3D) information is desired, the sequential acquisition of vertical image stacks employed by current setups significantly slows down the acquisition process. In this work, we present a multiplane approach to SR-SIM that overcomes this slowdown via the simultaneous acquisition of multiple object planes, employing a recently introduced multiplane image splitting prism combined with high-speed SIM illumination. This strategy requires only the introduction of a single optical element and the addition of a second camera to acquire a laterally highly resolved 3D image stack. We demonstrate the performance of multiplane SIM by applying this instrument to imaging the dynamics of mitochondria in living COS-7 cells.

Response Time of a-Si:H Photosensors in Optically Addressed Spatial Light Modulators

1991 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garret Moddel ◽  
Pierre R. Barbier
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Spatial Light Modulator ◽  
Reverse Bias ◽  
Forward Bias ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Photocurrent Response ◽  
Light Modulator ◽  
Double Injection ◽  
Light Modulators

ABSTRACTA successful application for a-Si:H is as the photosensor in a liquid crystal optically addressed spatial light modulator (OASLM). We analyze the response time of an a-Si:H p-i-n photodiode in a “pseudo-OALSM,” in which the liquid crystal is replaced by an equivalent capacitor, under both forward and reverse bias. Under reverse bias the two important effects are the photocurrent response time, and residual trapped charge. Under forward bias the mechanism shifts from double injection regimes to ohmic transport as a function of voltage. We relate these characteristics to the operation of an OASLM.

scholarly journals High Fidelity Spatial Light Modulator Configuration for Photo-Stimulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Aghayee ◽  
Mitchell Weikert ◽  
Phillip Alvarez ◽  
Gabriel A. Frank ◽  
Wolfgang Losert
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Light Modulator ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
High Signal ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Light Modulator ◽  
Fourier Plane ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Light Modulators ◽  
The Brain

For their capacity to shape optical wavefronts in real time into any desired illumination pattern, phase-only Spatial Light Modulators (SLM) have proven to be powerful tools for optical trapping and micromanipulation applications. SLMs are also becoming increasingly utilized in selective photo-stimulation of groups of neurons in the brain. However, conventional SLM based wavefront modulation introduces artifacts that are particularly detrimental for photo-stimulation applications. The primary issue is the unmodulated light that travels along the 0th order of diffraction. This portion of light is commonly blocked at the center of the object plane, which prevents photo-stimulation in the blocked region. We demonstrate a virtual lens configuration that moves the 1st order diffraction with the desired illumination pattern into the Fourier plane of the 0th order light. This virtual lens setup makes the whole field of view accessible for photo-stimulation and eliminates the need for removing the 0th order light in two-photon applications. Furthermore, in an example application to reconstruct a pattern consisting of an array of points, the virtual lens configuration increases the uniformity of the intensities these points. Moreover, diffraction-induced artifacts are also significantly reduced within the target plane. Therefore, our proposed high fidelity configuration yields target points with high signal to noise ratio.

scholarly journals Modern Types of Axicons: New Functions and Applications

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6690
Author(s):  
Svetlana N. Khonina ◽  
Nikolay L. Kazanskiy ◽  
Pavel A. Khorin ◽  
Muhammad A. Butt
Keyword(s):  
Intensity Distribution ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Bessel Beam ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Optical Antennas ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Photonic Integrated Circuit ◽  
Light Modulators

Axicon is a versatile optical element for forming a zero-order Bessel beam, including high-power laser radiation schemes. Nevertheless, it has drawbacks such as the produced beam’s parameters being dependent on a particular element, the output beam’s intensity distribution being dependent on the quality of element manufacturing, and uneven axial intensity distribution. To address these issues, extensive research has been undertaken to develop nondiffracting beams using a variety of advanced techniques. We looked at four different and special approaches for creating nondiffracting beams in this article. Diffractive axicons, meta-axicons-flat optics, spatial light modulators, and photonic integrated circuit-based axicons are among these approaches. Lately, there has been noteworthy curiosity in reducing the thickness and weight of axicons by exploiting diffraction. Meta-axicons, which are ultrathin flat optical elements made up of metasurfaces built up of arrays of subwavelength optical antennas, are one way to address such needs. In addition, when compared to their traditional refractive and diffractive equivalents, meta-axicons have a number of distinguishing advantages, including aberration correction, active tunability, and semi-transparency. This paper is not intended to be a critique of any method. We have outlined the most recent advancements in this field and let readers determine which approach best meets their needs based on the ease of fabrication and utilization. Moreover, one section is devoted to applications of axicons utilized as sensors of optical properties of devices and elements as well as singular beams states and wavefront features.

scholarly journals Focal beam structuring by triple mixing of optical vortex lattices

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyubomir Stoyanov ◽  
Georgi Maleshkov ◽  
Ivan Stefanov ◽  
Gerhard G. Paulus ◽  
Alexander Dreischuh
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Light Modulator ◽  
Optical Vortex ◽  
Spatial Light Modulators ◽  
Reliable Control ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Light Modulator ◽  
Vortex Lattices ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Ordered Arrays ◽  
Light Modulators

AbstractOn-demand generation and reshaping of arrays of focused laser beams is highly desired in many areas of science and technology. In this work, we present a versatile approach for laser beam structuring in the focal plane of a lens by triple mixing of square and/or hexagonal optical vortex lattices (OVLs). In the artificial far field the input Gaussian beam is reshaped into ordered arrays of bright beams with flat phase profiles. This is remarkable, since the bright focal peaks are surrounded by hundreds of OVs with their dark cores and two-dimensional phase dislocations. Numerical simulations and experimental evidences for this are shown, including a broad discussion of some of the possible scenarios for such mixing: triple mixing of square-shaped OVLs, triple mixing of hexagonal OVLs, as well as the two combined cases of mixing square-hexagonal-hexagonal and square-square-hexagonal OVLs. The particular ordering of the input phase distributions of the OV lattices on the used spatial light modulators is found to affect the orientation of the structures ruled by the hexagonal OVL. Reliable control parameters for the creation of the desired focal beam structures are the respective lattice node spacings. The presented approach is flexible, easily realizable by using a single spatial light modulator, and thus accessible in many laboratories.

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