scholarly journals Traversing Community Attitudes and Interaction Experiences with Large Agricultural Vehicles on Rural Roads

Safety ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Jemma C. King ◽  
Richard C. Franklin ◽  
Lauren Miller
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Agricultural Vehicles ◽  
The Road ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Rural Industries

Agriculture is one of Australia’s largest rural industries. Oversized and slow moving industry equipment and vehicles, hereafter referred to as large agricultural vehicles (LAVs), use public roads. Restrictions exist regarding their on-road operation, but whether this is a function of the risk that their on-road use represents is unknown. A convenience sample of community members was used to explore perspectives about LAVs’ presence on roads. An online survey was used to explore LAV interaction experiences, risk perceptions, and how best to promote safe interactions. Ethics approval was obtained. The participants’ (N = 239) exposure to LAVs on roads in the last 12 months was variable, but there were clear seasonal points when encounters could be expected. The participants indicated that LAVs have a right to drive on the road (94.8%), and most interactions were neutral, with four LAV crashes reported. Other vehicle types were perceived as representing a higher risk to rural road safety than LAVs. The use of the driver’s license test to increase knowledge about LAVs’ presence, how to respond, and the use of signs were suggested in order to improve safety. The participants commonly interacted with LAVs, and rarely experienced negative events such as crashes. Continued communication about LAV presence on rural roads is an important consideration in order to help ensure safe interactions.

Prediction of Design Hourly Volume on Rural Roads

2020 ◽  
pp. 036119812096556
Author(s):  
Miloš Petković ◽  
Vladan Tubić ◽  
Nemanja Stepanović
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
The Road ◽  
Annual Average Daily Traffic ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Implementation Costs ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Design Hourly Volume

Design hourly volume (DHV) represents one of the most significant parameters in the procedures of developing and evaluating road designs. DHV values can be accurately and precisely calculated only on the road sections with the implemented automatic traffic counters (ATCs) which constantly monitor the traffic volume. Unfortunately, many road sections do not contain ATCs primarily because of the implementation costs. Consequently, for many years, the DHV values have been defined on the basis of occasional counting and the factors related to traffic flow variability over time. However, it has been determined that this approach has significant limitations and that the predicted values considerably deviate from the actual values. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to develop a model which will enable DHV prediction on rural roads in cases of insufficient data. The suggested model is based on the correlation between DHVs and the parameters defining the characteristics of traffic flows, that is, the relationship between the traffic volumes on design working days and non-working days, and annual average daily traffic. The results of the conducted research indicate that the application of the proposed model enables the prediction of DHV values with a significant level of data accuracy and reliability. The coefficient of determination (R2) shows that more than 98% of the variance of the calculated DHVs was explained by the observed DHV values, while the mean error ranged from 4.86% to 7.84% depending on the number of hours for which DHV was predicted.

scholarly journals Utjecaj podizanja trajnih naselja i uzgoja žitarica na razvoj putnih komunikacija / The impact of permanent settlements and grain cultivation on the development of road communications

2017 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Dženan Brigić
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Neolithic Period ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Communication Development ◽  
The Road ◽  
Long Time ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

The transformation of hunter-gatherer society, who lived as nomads for a  very long time, largely influenced the development of road communication. These communities now established permanent settlements, especially in arable lands, and had a somewhat lifestyle than before. The cultivation of grains  and domestication of animals meant that people had no more need for migration and the search for better locations, instead they started setting up their  homes in the proximity to other community members, thereby forming the  first Neolithic settlements. By forming the settlements appeared the need to  establish a communication with other communities in the territory of present-day Balkans and wider, usually for the purpose of trade of certain goods,  which had a direct impact on the road communication development that laid  foundations for the development of the roads in the Roman period. Several  such settlements are known in the territory of present-day Bosnia that maintained continuity and tradition as well as road communications from the  Neolithic period up to the Roman period, i.e. Roman governor Publius Cornelius Dolabella, under whose governorship the widest road communication  network was built in the territory of the province of Dalmatia.     

scholarly journals Speed Models for Motorcycle Riders for Two-lane Rural Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 595-603
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Lemonakis ◽  
George Botzoris ◽  
Athanasios Galanis ◽  
Nikolaos Eliou
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
The Road ◽  
Horizontal Curves ◽  
Road Geometry ◽  
Speed Prediction ◽  
The Subject ◽  
On The Road

The development of operating speed models has been the subject of numerous research studies in the past. Most of them present models that aim to predict free-flow speed in conjunction with the road geometry at the curved road sections considering various geometric parameters e.g., radius, length, preceding tangent, deflection angle. The developed models seldomly take into account the operating speed profiles of motorcycle riders and hence no significant efforts have been put so far to associate the geometric characteristics of a road segment with the speed behavior of motorcycle riders. The dominance of 4-wheel vehicles on the road network led the researchers to focus explicitly on the development of speed prediction models for passenger cars, vans, pickups, and trucks. However, although the motorcycle fleet represents only a small proportion of the total traffic volume motorcycle riders are over-represented in traffic accidents especially those that occur on horizontal curves. Since operating speed has been thoroughly documented as the most significant precipitating factor of vehicular accidents, the study of motorcycle rider's speed behavior approaching horizontal curves is of paramount importance. The subject of the present paper is the development of speed prediction models for motorcycle riders traveling on two-lane rural roads. The model was the result of the execution of field measurements under naturalistic conditions with the use of an instrumented motorcycle conducted by experienced motorcycle riders under different lighting conditions. The implemented methodology to determine the most efficient model evaluates a series of road geometry parameters through a comprehensive literature review excluding those with an insignificant impact to the magnitude of the operating speeds in order to establish simple and handy models.

scholarly journals The efficacy of road safety education to prevent pedestrian fatalities in Limpopo Province (South Africa)

2022 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 995-1009
Author(s):  
Mmakwena Modipa ◽  
Sean Kockott ◽  
Adewale Olutola
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Department Of Education ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Education Department ◽  
The Road ◽  
Civil Society Organisations ◽  
Road Users ◽  
On The Road

This paper explores road safety education to prevent pedestrian fatalities in Limpopo Province. Pedestrian safety remains one of the main challenges for road safety authorities as many road users are losing their lives on the road. The inability of both pedestrians and motorists to understand and interpret the rules of the road is a major problem in Limpopo Province. The study utilised quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 195 respondents. Comprises of 15 civil engineering companies, 23 civil society organisations, 52 community members, 51 teachers and 54 traffic police officials. The findings from the study revealed among many others, that 64.1% of respondents agreed that non-involvement of parents in road safety education contribute to pedestrian fatalities; 61% of the respondents agreed that ineffective scholar patrol contribute to pedestrian fatalities; 67.2% of the respondents agreed that lack of professional support in road safety contribute to pedestrian fatalities and 72% of the respondents agreed that limited resources in road safety contribute to pedestrian fatalities. Based on the findings, the author provided, possible recommendations such as; Department of Transport and Education should involve parents/guardians in road safety education; Department of Education should review scholar patrol to ensure that it assist positively in preventing pedestrian fatalities; Traffic authorities should partner with academics to provide road safety policies and strategies; Department of Transport should partner with private sector to provide resources for road safety education in Limpopo Province.

Bicycle Backlash: Qualitative Examination of Aggressive Driver–Bicyclist Interactions

2017 ◽  
Vol 2662 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Piatkowski ◽  
Wesley Marshall ◽  
Aaron S. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Aggressive Driving ◽  
Social Good ◽  
The Road ◽  
Altruistic Punishment ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Aggressive Driver

This research investigated aggressive driver–bicyclist interactions. Individuals who identified themselves as both a driver and a bicyclist were asked about their behavior when they encountered a bicyclist on the road while they were driving a car. Open-ended survey responses were analyzed from individuals who reported a propensity for driving too closely to a bicyclist who they felt was not staying to the side of the road. The data were drawn from a snowball-sampled, online survey specifically targeted to elicit responses about rare (i.e., deviant or illegal) behaviors. Little research exists on why individuals would choose to intimidate a bicyclist while they were driving. Applicable theories from sociology and behavioral economics (i.e., theories of crime as social control and as altruistic punishment) were drawn on in this study to help understand why individuals might do so. This paper argues that aggressive driving behavior directed at bicyclists in the sample population could be characterized with two general themes: “teaching them a lesson” and “they had it coming.” In both cases, individuals deflected the blame for their aggressive behavior away from themselves. Instead, they cast themselves as serving a social good by teaching bicyclists how they should behave or by punishing bicyclists for behaving in ways with which the drivers disagreed. The study reported here was an initial step in an effort to identify testable hypotheses through qualitative methods to explain such behaviors and eventually to mitigate them. The intent is to inform actionable directions to address dangerous on-street interactions that act as barriers to a safe transportation system that accommodates all users.

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus and driving a motor vehicle

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 414-420
Author(s):  
Mariya Nikolaevna Dunicheva ◽  
Olga Yuryevna Martyanova ◽  
Evgeniya Mikhailovna Patrakeeva ◽  
Alsu Gafurovna Zalevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
The Road ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Driving Impairment ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Driver's License ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Meta Analyses

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that not only affects the lives of patients but also influences their social interactions, including driving. Driving a motor vehicle is a complex process, requiring good visuospatial function, rapid information processing, vigilance and high decision-making skills. Potential causes of driving impairment associated with diabetes include hypoglycemia and its effects on unawareness, retinopathy, neuropathy and ischemic heart disease. The effects of hypoglycemia can lead to dangerous and life-threatening events for both the driver and others on the road. Research data confirm that impairments from hypoglycemia affect driving performance. Many trials and meta-analyses have revealed that not all drivers follow precautions such as measuring blood glucose levels before driving; therefore, this problem remains quite relevant. In Russian Federation, the process of a person with diabetes obtaining a driver’s license is not uniformly regulated, even though this issue is related to road safety.

scholarly journals Pressure gauge accuracy and tire maintenance awareness among vehicle owners in Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Ademola James Adeyemi ◽  
Olusegun Isa Lasisi ◽  
Abubakar Arzika Zaki ◽  
Sani Isa Besse ◽  
Muhammad Bello Ambursa
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Maintenance Personnel

Aside from human factors, tire blowouts and other tire imperfections are major contributors to the persistently high road accident rate. While tire imperfections are categorized as part of the mechanical factors affecting road accident, the tire maintenance personnel and the vehicle owners' human behavior plays a significant role in ensuring that accidents due to tire imperfections are minimized. Therefore, this study aims to determine the accuracy of the pressure gauges used by tire maintenance personnel, popularly called vulcanizers in Nigeria, and to determine the level of awareness of vehicle owners about the basic information that affects the safe use of tires on the road.  The study consists of two stages. The first stage investigates the accuracy of the pressure gauges used by twenty vulcanizers in four different districts in Birnin Kebbi, the northwestern part of Nigeria. The second stage was an online survey regarding the tire maintenance behavior of 87 participants, who were formally educated from Diploma to Ph.D. level. The study's findings showed that about 25% of the vulcanizers do not use pressure gauges to measure air pressure during tire inflation, and less than 17% of the readings taken were accurate. Yet about 60% of the respondents believe that vulcanizers' pressure gauges are reliable and less than 30% of the respondents know that the expiring date of tires is four years in Nigeria. Therefore, there is an urgent need for proper awareness about tire usage and maintenance among the general population. It would also be appropriate to include such basic road safety information in the school curriculum at all levels.

scholarly journals A Survey to Understand Emotional Situations on the Road and What They Mean for Affective Automotive UIs

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Braun ◽  
Bastian Pfleging ◽  
Florian Alt
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Traffic Behavior

In this paper, we present the results of an online survey (N = 170) on emotional situations on the road. In particular, we asked potential early adopters to remember a situation where they felt either an intense positive or negative emotion while driving. Our research is motivated by imminent disruptions in the automotive sector due to automated driving and the accompanying switch to selling driving experiences over horsepower. This creates a need to focus on the driver’s emotion when designing in-car interfaces. As a result of our research, we present a set of propositions for affective car interfaces based on real-life experiences. With our work we aim to support the design of affective car interfaces and give designers a foundation to build upon. We find respondents often connect positive emotions with enjoying their independence, while negative experiences are associated mostly with traffic behavior. Participants who experienced negative situations wished for better information management and a higher degree of automation. Drivers with positive emotions generally wanted to experience the situation more genuinely, for example, by switching to a “back-to-basic” mode. We explore these statements and discuss recommendations for the design of affective interfaces in future cars.

scholarly journals Post-concussion Driving Management Practices Among Certified Athletic Trainers

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 787-787
Author(s):  
J D Schmidt ◽  
R C Lynall ◽  
L B Lempke ◽  
H Devos
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Athletic Trainers ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Novice Drivers ◽  
Certified Athletic Trainers ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Abstract Purpose To describe post-concussion driving management practices and opinions among athletic trainers (ATs) and to compare practices across highest earned degree, setting, and years certified. Methods A survey weblink was emailed to a convenience sample of 8,723 ATs (10.8% response rate [945/8723]; years certified=14.5±10.7; years worked clinically=12.4±9.4). The validated survey captured AT driving management practices and opinions (agreement on a seven-point Likert scale). We compared the percentage of patients instructed to refrain from driving across highest earned degree, setting, and years certified using Kruskal-Wallis tests (alpha=0.05). Results When asked whether they recommended concussed patients refrain from driving, 58.5% of ATs responded “sometimes” (n=553/945), 37.9% responded “always” (n=358/945), and 3.6% responded “never” (n=34/945). ATs most commonly: recommended patients refrain from driving until symptom resolution (44.7%, n=399/892); utilized their clinical exam to determine readiness to return-to-drive (64.9%, n=579/892); and provided instructions verbally (94.2%, n=840/892). ATs agreed that “patients that are impaired by a concussion are a danger on the road”, but only somewhat agreed that “patients with suspected concussion should not drive a motor vehicle until cleared to do so by a medical professional” (median=5). High school (60.5±37.6%) and clinic-based ATs (66.5±31.2%) trended towards higher percentages of patients instructed to refrain from driving relative to college (52.3±38.2%; H(2)=5.92,p=0.052). No other differences observed. Conclusion ATs recommend driving restrictions to some, but not all, concussed patients. ATs recognize post-concussion driving dangers, but do not strongly endorse refraining from driving after concussion. High school and clinic-based ATs may manage more adolescent novice drivers and, therefore, act more conservatively.

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