scholarly journals Assessing Changes in Inequality for Millennium Development Goals among Countries: Lessons for the Sustainable Development Goals

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuller ◽  
Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Gini Index ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
School Enrollment ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Enrollment Rates ◽  
Development Goals

In 2000, the United Nations adopted the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), a set of eight global development goals to be achieved between 2000 and 2015. We estimated the Lorenz Curve and Gini Index for determining any changes in inequality at the global level with countries as a unit of analysis for eight development indicators (proportion of population undernourished, school enrollment rates, the percentage of women in parliament, infant mortality rates, maternal mortality rates, HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) rates, access to improved water sources, and access to a cellular device), representing one MDG each. All of the selected indicators improved on average between 2000 and 2015. An average improvement in an indicator does not necessarily imply a decrease in inequality. For instance, the average infant mortality rate decreased from 39.17 deaths per 1000 births in 2000 to 23.40 in 2015, but the Gini Index remained almost stable over the same period, suggesting no reduction in inequality among countries. For other indicators, inequality among countries decreased at varying rates. A significant data gap existed across countries. For example, only 91 countries had data on primary school enrollment rates in 2000 and 2015. We emphasize developing a global data collection and analysis protocol for measuring the impacts of global development programs, especially in reducing inequality across social, economic, and environmental indicators. This study will feed into currently enacted Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for ensuring more inclusive and equitable growth worldwide.

Towards Child-Centred Sustainable Development Goals

2018 ◽  
pp. 86-113
Author(s):  
Tatenda Goodman Nhapi ◽  
Takudzwa Leonard Mathende
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Protection Policy ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Child Protection Policy

This chapter is mainly based on a historiography approach and explores enhanced child protection and safeguarding mainstreaming in Zimbabwe within the milieu of sustainable development goals (SDGs). The 17 SDGs set the tone for further global development outcomes taking off from the millennium development goals. The chapter unpacks how SDGs can complement Zimbabwe's readily comprehensive legal and child protection policy framework to enrich child protection. The chapter offers recommendations on possible approaches to dovetail SDG targets with enhanced child protection and development in Zimbabwe.

Towards Child-Centred Sustainable Development Goals

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-127
Author(s):  
Tatenda Goodman Nhapi ◽  
Takudzwa Leonard Mathende
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Protection Policy ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Child Protection Policy

This chapter is mainly based on a historiography approach and explores enhanced child protection and safeguarding mainstreaming in Zimbabwe within the milieu of sustainable development goals (SDGs). The 17 SDGs set the tone for further global development outcomes taking off from the millennium development goals. The chapter unpacks how SDGs can complement Zimbabwe's readily comprehensive legal and child protection policy framework to enrich child protection. The chapter offers recommendations on possible approaches to dovetail SDG targets with enhanced child protection and development in Zimbabwe.

scholarly journals The post-2015 Global Agenda – a role for local government

2015 ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Slack
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Global Agenda

Introduction:The Commonwealth Local Government Conference 2015 – Local Government 2030: Achieving the Vision is taking place at a crucial time of flux and change. The period of implementation for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) is drawing to a close, and the global community has been and indeed, still is, actively debating what should replace them. Local government is working hard to ensure that the post-2015 global development agenda reflects the important role of local government in defining, implementing and monitoring the new targets. It is a unique opportunity for local government to make its voice heard, to promote the importance of localisation in the debate, and to position local government as a key partner in the implementation of the proposed Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

scholarly journals CALCULATION OF LOSS OF CHILD MORTALITY IN UKRAINE AS AN INSTRUMENT FOR ESTIMATION OF ACHIEVEMENTS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1145-1149
Author(s):  
Natalia O. Rynhach ◽  
Raisa O. Moiseenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Development Goals

Introduction: Ukraine has made a commitment to reduce preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, within the framework of the relevant task of the Sustainable Development Goals. For a purposeful and effective struggle, it is necessary to realize the scope and structure of losses. The aim: Identify differences in child mortality rates in Ukraine compared to other countries, to calculate and estimate the number of years of potential life lost (YPLL) due toinfant mortality. Materials and methods: The information base of the study was official data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine on the distribution of the deceased by age and causes of death in 2017 and World Health Statistics 2016 data. The method of potential demography was used to estimate demographic losses. Review: In Ukraine, in 2017 the absolute number of years of potential life lost (YPLL) was estimated to be almost 217,000 person-years due to under-five mortality, most of them - more than 179,000 person-years - due to infant mortality. The rest were losses due to mortality within the interval of 1-4 years - almost 40 thousand person-years. 55.6% of all potential life losses due to infant mortality determined Certain conditions occurring in the perinatal period, Congenital malformations, deformities and chromosomal anomalies - 23.4%. Conclusions: Ukraine has significant reserves for reducing under five mortality rates, primarily through minimization of preventable mortality. KEY WORDS: Sustainable Development Goals: Ukraine, child mortality; years of potential life lost, person-years, health-related goals, targets, and SDG indicators Wiad Lek 2019, 72, 5 cz. II, -

scholarly journals Evaluating Nigeria’s Achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): DETERMINANTS, DELIVERABLES, AND SHORTFALLS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuoluwapo A. Durokifa ◽  
Babatunde Moshood Abdul-Wasi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Accelerate Development ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Developmental Policies

Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) was implemented in 2000 ostensibly to accelerate development within its 15 years plan of action. In the credence of this notion, Nigeria was one of the early countries that adopted the rational policy. Prior to the introduction of MDG, the country had implemented diverse developmental policies which are said not to have delivered the expected dividend. Hence, no sooner, the MDGs came to an end; the impulse of another developmental goal became necessary. Sustainable development Goals (SDGs) succeeding MDGs reiterates questions such as, how well did MDGs perform in developing countries? Where the aims of the MDGs met? If MDGs struggle to achieve 8 goals, how possible will SDGs 17 goals be realized? It is in this light, that the study using secondary data evaluate the MDG era in Nigeria, how far and how well they achieved their set target. The study suggests that although MDGs era in Nigeria recorded slight progress with regards to targeted goals, it did not meet the required plausible targets. Hence, as a very effective way of achieving sustainable development, the study recommends good governance and prioritizing of goals according to the country needs.

scholarly journals A COMPARISON OF CENTRALITY MEASURES IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-320
Author(s):  
Sena Ariesandy ◽  
Ema Carnia ◽  
Herlina Napitupulu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Closeness Centrality ◽  
Centrality Measures ◽  
Degree Centrality ◽  
Eigenvector Centrality ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Development Goals

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which began in 2000 with 8 goal points, have not been able to solve the global problems. The MDGs were developed into Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015 with 17 targeted goal points achieved in 2030. Until now, methods for determining the priority of SDGs are still attractive to researchers. Centrality is one of the tools in determining the priority goal points on a network by using graph theory. There are four measurements of centrality used in this paper, namely degree centrality, betweenness centrality, closeness centrality, and eigenvector centrality. The calculation results obtained from the four measurements are compared, analyzed, to conclud which goal points are the most prior and the least prior. From the results obtained the most priority goal points in Sustainable Development Goals.

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