scholarly journals Exploring Employability Constructions of Migrants in Sweden and Potential Consequences for Labour Market Entrance Recommendations

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Hanna Li Kusterer ◽  
Claudia Bernhard-Oettel
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Care And Support ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Welfare Discourse ◽  
Tacit Assumptions ◽  
Analytical Approaches

In the flexible Swedish labour market, the concept of employability has grown important. Within a neoliberal framework, accountability for one’s possibility to successfully obtain or keep employment rests with the individual. In contrast, within a social welfare discourse the individual is offered care and support in order to gain employment. The present study combined intersectional and discourse analytical approaches with the understanding that individual employability is subjectively constructed in the exploration of labour market induction, employability constructions and categorizations in the discourse used by government agencies directly involved in the labour market integration of newly arrived migrants. Public documents comprising information on labour market entrance, employability and associated concepts such as competence building and career development were analysed. The employability constructions were often contradictory—placed at the crossroads of neoliberal and social welfare discourses—and built on tacit assumptions and influenced by stereotypes. Conveying such employability constructions further could lead to exclusion from long-term employment and have detrimental psychological and health repercussions. Instead, it is of importance to work towards reconstructing migrants’ employability in this new context without damaging influence from inflexible categorizations and stereotypes.

The limitations of activation policies: unemployment at the end of working life

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTINA WUEBBEKE
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Unemployment Benefit ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Gainful Employment ◽  
Employment Agency ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The One

ABSTRACTIn several European countries, older unemployed people, after reaching a certain age, are entitled to unemployment benefit payments without having to seek new employment. The coexistence of this exemption clause and of reforms aimed at containing early retirement in the respective countries reflects a conflict of political aims – on the one hand, between an efficient labour-market policy at a time of high unemployment, and on the other hand, the goal of the comprehensive activation and labour-market integration of older workers as a response to demographic change. This paper deals with the reasons for the transfer of older long-term unemployed people on to ‘facilitated benefits’ for labour-market withdrawal in Germany. The empirical analysis shows that low or no propensity to work was rarely the motive for leaving the labour market; in particular, those anticipating a low retirement income actually wanted to be re-employed. The vast majority gave three reasons for the decision to retire: an inability to cope with requirements of available jobs; a lack of job opportunities; and an absence of proper support from the public employment agency. Thus the withdrawal of older long-term unemployed people into pre-retirement cannot be attributed to a utility-maximising decision in favour of leisure and against gainful employment, but is the primary result of the scarce re-employment prospects.

scholarly journals "I Didn’t Have the Luxury to Wait": Understanding the University-to-Work Transition among Second-Generations in Britain

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jawiria Naseem
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Job

Second-generations—children of immigrants—experience particular university-to-work transitions in the UK, including precarious entry into the labour market This article examines the importance of intersecting social divisions, such as gender and ethnicity to these transitions, and also explores complexities within long-term economic progression. By comparing the educational achievement and labour market integration of British-born female graduates from one of the largest— Pakistani—and newly settled—Algerian—migrant groups and by focusing on long-term progression from the first job postgraduation to the most recent one. Using repeat semi-structured interviews with twelve British Pakistani and Algerian female graduates, this article produces a fine-grained analysis of key academic and economic stages. It reveals how the contextualised impact of intersecting social divisions—social class, ethnicity, as proxy for culture and religion, and gender— and the ability to maximise and increase one’s identity capital i prove employability, transforming initial disadvantages into pathways for success.

Equal Rights and Equal Duties? Activating Labour Market Policy and the Participation of Long-term Unemployed People with Disabilities after the Reform of the German Welfare State

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANGELA RAUCH ◽  
JOHANNA DORNETTE
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Labour Market Integration ◽  
Social Code

AbstractThe recent German welfare state reform with the introduction of Social Code II has created a complex situation for the labour market integration of long-term unemployed people with disabilities. A range of social laws with differing underlying principles is now applicable. In this article, we examine the effects that the implementation of this social code has on long-term unemployed people with disabilities. We show that their integration patterns changed. This is due to the building of new institutions responsible for labour market integration, followed by a temporary destabilisation of work routines at the operational level. Additionally, more persistent consequences occur because the inconsistencies of the relevant laws are creating an area of conflict, which is increasing the risk of marginalising people with disabilities in terms of labour market integration.

scholarly journals The integration of young workers into the labour market in France

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-36
Author(s):  
Stephen Bazen ◽  
Khalid Maman Waziri
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Market Experience ◽  
The Unemployed

Purpose Using a representative survey of young persons having left full-time education in France in 1998 and interviewed in 2001 and 2005, the purpose of this paper is to examine the process of their integration into normal employment (a stable job with a standard employment contract) and the extent to which job matches are inefficient in the sense that the pay in a job is below an individual’s potential earnings. The latter are determined principally by diploma level and educational specialisation, although other forms of training and labour market experience are relevant. Design/methodology/approach A stochastic earnings frontier approach is used in order to examine workers’ ability to capture their full potential earnings in labour markets where there is inefficient job matching (due to the lack of information, discrimination, over-education or the process of integration). Findings The results suggest that young workers manage to obtain on average about 82 per cent of their potential earnings three years after leaving full-time education and earnings inefficiency had disappeared four years later. The results are robust to the treatment of selectivity arising from the exclusion of the unemployed in the estimation of the frontier. Originality/value The stochastic earnings frontier is a useful and appropriate tool for modelling the process of labour market integration of certain groups (young persons, migrants and the long-term unemployed) where over-education due to inefficient initial job matches occurs. Over time this situation tends to be rectified as job mobility leads to improved matching and less inefficiency.

scholarly journals Conquering the labour market: the socioeconomic enablement of refugee women in Austria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Schiestl ◽  
Bernhard Kittel ◽  
Maite Ibáñez Bollerhoff
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Refugee Women ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Private Support

AbstractRefugee women from the Near and Middle East face specific challenges when entering the Austrian labour market. Particularly gender-based factors, including care and reproductive work, exert pressure on these women and constitute major hurdles for successful entry into employment in Austria. Based on nine qualitative interviews with refugee women who swiftly gained entry to the labour market as well as ten qualitative interviews with experts from public and private support organisations, we investigate refugee women’s social and cultural capital as well as the individual agencies that foster paths into the labour market. We introduce the concept of enablement as the process of gathering the preconditions for overcoming the challenges that arise on that path. Finally, we illuminate the ways in which the three dimensions of individual, relational and institutional enablement interrelate and shape individual agency with regard to labour market integration.

scholarly journals Bridging the gap : a study of the Ryerson University, Chang School of Continuing Education, Internationally Educated Social Work Professionals Bridging Program

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Continuing Education ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Employment Rates ◽  
The Individual

This study examines how the Internationally Educated Social Work Professionals Bridging Program at Ryerson University facilitates the integration of Internationally Educated Social Workers (IESWs) into the Canadian labour market. Research indicates that Internationally Educated Professionals (IEPs) often face significant barriers that restrict them from effectively utilizing their foreign-obtained human capital. Occupational bridging programs are one type of program that has proven effective at increasing the employment rates of the IEPs who participate in them (Adamowicz, 2004; Dean Marie, Austin, & Zubin, 2004; Alboim, Finnie, & Meng, 2005). Through individual interviews conducted with program participants and key stakeholder representatives, this study identifies the barriers that IESWs face in the labour market, the challenges facing the IESW bridging program, and the perceived benefits of the program. The findings of this study reveal that unlike other labour market integration programs the IESWs bridging program comprehensively addresses many of the individual and systemic barriers that restrict IESWs from maximizing returns to their human capital.

scholarly journals Career-first: an approach to sustainable labour market integration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanesa Fuertes ◽  
Ronald McQuaid ◽  
Peter J. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Active Labour Market Policies ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
Sustainable Employment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Work First

AbstractActive labour market policies aim at supporting people entering and, importantly, remaining in the labour market. Initiatives to this end have often been characterised by a mixture of ‘human capital’ and ‘work-first’ approaches, although both have had a relatively limited effect on achieving job sustainability for those most distant from the labour market. This paper explores a distinctive approach to supporting job entry and sustainable employment that we have called ‘career-first’. The career-first approach to labour activation draws on three separate traditions of thinking: labour market, career development, and the capability literatures. Common ground is found in these three perspectives so each complements the weaknesses of the others. A career-first approach may be able to help deliver benefits to the individual, their family, and the wider society.

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