scholarly journals Safety Improvements by Converting a Standard Roundabout with Unbalanced Flow Distribution into an Egg Turbo Roundabout: Simulation Approach to a Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Gallelli ◽  
Rosolino Vaiana
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Traffic Conflicts ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
High Level

In 2011, the United Nations Road Safety Collaboration (UNRSC) developed a Global Plan for the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011–2020. Among the categories or “pillars” of activities, is the improvement of road safety for infrastructures. Furthermore, this plan is aligned by the UN Sustainable Development Goals that included even traffic safety. In this regard, this study estimates safety improvements achieved by converting a standard roundabout into an egg turbo roundabout. In particular, turbo roundabouts have become very popular in Northern Europe for both their safety and their capacity. Many studies have shown these advantages thanks to their features: preventive separation of entering flows, limited lane changing and low speeds due to curbs. Given the absence of existing turbo roundabouts in Italy, this research studied and compared a “virtual” roundabout with spiraling circular carriageways to an existing multi-lane roundabout in order to assess its significant reduction in terms of potential collisions. This study relied on traffic conflicts in micro-simulation by using VISSIM software and then Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM). The research is based on the traffic process observed at a standard roundabout in Cosenza (Italy) marked by a high level of congestion and safety problems. Speeds, critical gaps, queue lengths, and floating car data, obtained from video observations, have been used as input data for the calibration procedure of the first scenario (case study roundabout). Then, the turbo roundabout solution was built and simulated by using the previously derived parameters. Finally, the two roundabout scenarios were compared in terms of spatial distribution of the potential conflicts determined by SSAM. The results could help to measure the performance and safety impact of these two roundabout configurations.

scholarly journals Management of High Risk Road Sections of Sarajevo - Romanija Region (Case Study)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Mandić ◽  
Danislav Drašković
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
High Price ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Social Growth ◽  
Analytical Monitoring ◽  
The Status

Road traffic, as a part of the entire transport system, is an important factor of social growth and development, which is necessary to create conditions for its safe operation, bearing in mind that all the benefits of this phenomenon are still paying a high price of unnecessary human suffering. In a contemporary society, there is a large number of institutions that play a role in the functioning of the transport system, but they stand out as the holders of activities and measures to improve traffic safety. Given that the number of accidents in recent years has reached a worrying level, in the interest of society is to reduce the number of accidents, or to increase traffic safety, because the consequences that the society is submitting in the form of human casualties and material damage are large. The model for the absolute traffic safety does not exist, but a permanent analytical monitoring of the status of road safety, control and regulation of traffic and taking measures to eliminate the risk factors can greatly increase the level of traffic safety.

scholarly journals Calculation Model of Preposition Distance of Electronic Toll Collection Signs Based on Lane Changing Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Changjian Zhang ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Jinhang Ma ◽  
Jie He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Lane Change ◽  
Safe Distance ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Toll Collection ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Toll Station ◽  
Reading Distance

ETC and MTC lanes of China’s hybrid toll stations have various setting modes. When the vehicles passed through the toll stations, they would face a more complicated lane change process. If the ETC sign was set in the appropriate position in advance, the traffic safety in front of the toll stations would be effectively improved. The paper analyzed the process of lane change in 18 scenes by taking one-way three-lane highway at the upstream of toll station with six lanes as an example. Based on the definition of driver’s reaction distance, reading distance and safe distance of action, the theoretical calculation model of ETC sign preposition distance was established. It revealed the functional relationship between ETC lane layout schemes and sign preposition distance, and explored the reasonable setting position of the ETC sign in the full scenes of the lane layout. Finally, a case study of Nanjing toll station on Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway was carried out.

A high-level traffic safety policy document for a small municipality: City of Saskatoon case study

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariniel Flores ◽  
Peter Y. Park ◽  
Angela Gardiner ◽  
Justine Nyen
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Safety Policy ◽  
Policy Document ◽  
Small Municipality ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Vehicles speed analysis in roundabouts vicinity

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
Robert Ziółkowski
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Instantaneous Speed ◽  
Vehicle Position ◽  
High Level

Driving speed is one of the most important factors in road safety as it not only affects the severity of a crash but it is also related to the risk of being involved in a crash. One of the solutions for improving safety in cities is to design new and replace already existing crossroads by roundabouts which offer improved safety over other types of intersections having fewer conflict points, slower speeds and easier decision making. Previously conducted studies considering traffic safety at crossroads in Bialystok have confirmed lower number of accidents and casualties at roundabouts when compared to other types of junctions but at the same time the number of collisions remained at unexpectedly high level. The paper presents the survey of instantaneous speed, decelerations and accelerations in vicinity of chosen roundabouts located in Bialystok. The data was gathered by utilizing a portable wireless GPS data logger that allowed monitoring and recording second-by-second in-field vehicle position along the tested sections.

scholarly journals Traffic conflicts analyses for 2+1 road sections

2018 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Salvatore Cafiso ◽  
Carmelo D'Agostino ◽  
Radosław Bąk ◽  
Mariusz Kieć
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Lane Changing ◽  
Vehicle Trajectories ◽  
Traffic Conflicts ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Safety Studies ◽  
Surrogate Measure

The additional passing lanes and 2+1 roads improve significant road safety. Studies indicate sections with additional passing lanes (relief or alternately), which may cause reduction in the number of accidents by 50%. However, how geometric design affects the safety performance of such sections is not in depth investigated. Previous studies are carried out with two approaches, i.e. the most often, based on analysis of observed crashes and more rarely by using microsimulation study. In the case of microsimulation research, traffic conflict theory can be applied as a surrogate measure of safety. One of the main problem in simulated conflicts study is the validation of simulation results against real world conditions. The aim of the paper is to assess the reliability of traffic conflict measures obtained by microsimulation against real world observation. Conflicts were detected and classified from video recording and analysis of vehicle trajectories in the merging area on 2+1 roads in Poland. Conducted studies focus only on lane changing conflicts, locations and TTCs values of observed conflicts between vehicles were primarily identified. Observed conflicts are than compared with microsimulated one, to assess if there is a correlation in the two.

scholarly journals Microscopic Simulation-Based High Occupancy Vehicle Lane Safety and Operation Assessment: A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Li ◽  
Mohammad Karimi ◽  
Ciprian Alecsandru
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Microscopic Simulation ◽  
Total Delay ◽  
Geometry Design ◽  
Whale Optimization ◽  
Traffic Conflicts ◽  
Headway Distribution ◽  
Operational Issues

This study proposes two general alternative designs to enhance the operation and safety of High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes at junctions with bus terminals or parking lots. A series of analysis tools, including microscopic simulation, video-based vehicle tracking technique, and Surrogate Safety Assessment Model (SSAM), are applied to model and test the safety and operational efficiency of an HOV road segment near a bus terminal in Québec as a case study. A metaheuristic optimization algorithm (i.e., Whale Optimization Algorithm) is employed to calibrate the microscopic model while deviation from the observed headway distribution is considered as a cost function. The results indicate that this type of HOV configurations exhibits significant safety problems (high number of crossing conflicts) and operational issues (high value of total delay) due to the terminal-bound buses that frequently need to travel across the main road. It is shown that the proposed alternative geometry design efficiently ameliorates the traffic conflicts issues. In addition, the alternative control design scheme significantly reduces the public transit delay. It is expected that this methodology can be applied to other reserved lane configurations similar to the investigated case study.

scholarly journals Study of the Training of Environmentalists through Gamification as A University Course

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2323
Author(s):  
Paz Fernández ◽  
Matías Ceacero-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Final Project ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
High Level ◽  
University Course ◽  
The University

The United Nations Agenda for 2030 lists Sustainable Development Goals which include quality education, which we have pursued in the Undergraduate Final Project of the Environmental Sciences Degree at the University of Granada (Spain). This entailed designing sustainable cities, including the management of natural hazards. We created an innovative didactic model using gamification, in which the student adopted the researcher role using the computer game Cities: Skylines as a simulation tool. Using a design-based method, we conducted a qualitative single-case study in which the professor observed the process and guided the student’s self-learning in a fun way. Under this guidance, the student made decisions alone in order to simulate a sustainable city, and afterwards to analyse the findings. Three variables were considered in order to evaluate the results concerning the quality of the student’s learning: (1) the experiment using the game, (2) motivation, and (3) the skills acquired. In all three, the student earned a high score. Of the 12 skills established as the specific goals of the teaching plan, the student reached a very high level in 10, and a high level in two, implying the overall success of the learning process. The study achieved its main goal, as an innovative didactic methodology was established based on student’s research, using gamification and simulation with a technological tool. Moreover, the case study gave positive results, with the student proving capable of developing scientific and professional competencies at an optimal level.

THE USE OF INTEGRATED PROGRAMMES WHILE ENSURING TRAFFIC SAFETY IN ROAD TRANSPORT

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
Витвицкий ◽  
E. Vitvitskiy ◽  
Порхачёва ◽  
S. Porkhacheva
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
High Level

In the article the basic provisions on enforcement of road safety in road transport, through the use of the principles of program-target approach for the implementation of effective interven-tions aimed at reducing the high level of road accidents

scholarly journals Development of Strategic Goals of Road Safety Management: A Case Study of Montenegro

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 651-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milenko Čabarkapa ◽  
Davor Brčić ◽  
Vujadin Vešović
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
National Level ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
National Road ◽  
Control Implementation

Evaluation of the results of road safety management at the national level is carried out with a number of predefined indicators. These, predefined indicators should be measurable objectives of road safety management. They are set by national road safety strategies. This paper presents the control implementation of the Strategy to improve road safety in Montenegro for the period 2010-2019. The research showed that the five-year objectives of the National Strategy were achieved in the first years and significantly surmounted. This efficiency is achieved for two main reasons: the development of road safety management, and setting an unambitious, easily attainable goal. These findings are indicators that generally and globally set goals of reducing traffic fatalities cannot comprise at the same time national objectives in all countries. In this context, the methodological improvements of setting national strategic objectives established by the evidences on the national traffic safety issue are proposed.

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