scholarly journals The Candoglia Marble and the “Veneranda Fabbrica del Duomo di Milano”: A Renowned Georesource to Be Potentially Designed as Global Heritage Stone

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 4725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dino ◽  
Borghi ◽  
Castelli ◽  
Canali ◽  
Corbetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Granulite Facies ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Granulite Facies Metamorphism ◽  
Alpine Area ◽  
Facies Metamorphism ◽  
Nw Italy ◽  
Silicate Layers

Marbles from Alpine area have been widely employed to build and decorate masterpieces and buildings which often represent the cultural heritage of an area (statuary, historic buildings and sculptures). Candoglia marble, object of the present research, is one of the most famous and appreciated marbles from Alpine area; it has been quarried since Roman times in the Verbano-Cusio-Ossola (VCO; Piemonte – NW Italy) extractive area. Candoglia Marble outcrops are present as lenses within the high-grade paragneisses of the Ivrea Zone, a visible section of deep continental crust characterised by amphibolite- to granulite-facies metamorphism (Palaeozoic period). Candoglia calcitic marble (80–85% CaCO3 and the 15–20% other minerals) shows a characteristic pink to gray colour and a coarse-grained texture (>3 mm): frequent centimetre-thick dark-greenish silicate layers (mainly represented by diopside and tremolite) characterize the texture of the marble. It has been largely used in local rural constructions and historical buildings, but its most famous application has been (and still is) for the “Duomo di Milano” construction (fourteenth century). The Veneranda Fabbrica del Duomo di Milano carried out the anthropogenic activities dealing with the Candoglia marble exploitation; it has to be highlighted that the company have managed the Marble exploitation during the last seven centuries and that the quarry itself is a tangible sign of the development of extraction and heritage in the VCO area. Candoglia marble can be recognized as a significant example of a “Global Heritage Stone Resource”: its exploitation from quarry to building (the Duomo di Milano) well represents the close correlation between stone and cultural heritage, between georesources and humankind development

Stable coexistence of grandidierite and kornerupine during medium pressure granulite facies metamorphism

1995 ◽  
Vol 59 (395) ◽  
pp. 327-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Carson ◽  
M. Hand ◽  
P. H. G. M. Dirks
Keyword(s):  
Granulite Facies ◽  
Crustal Thickening ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Granulite Facies Metamorphism ◽  
Larsemann Hills ◽  
Facies Metamorphism ◽  
Peak Metamorphism ◽  
Isothermal Decompression ◽  
The Stability ◽  
New Occurrences

AbstractPetrological and mineral chemical data are presented for two new occurrences of co-existing borosilicate minerals in the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica. The assemblages contain kornerupine and the rare borosilicate, grandidierite (Mg,Fe)A13BSiO9. Two distinct associations occur: (1) At McCarthy Point, 1–10 mm thick tourmaline-kornerupine-grandidierite layers are hosted within quartzofeldspathic gneiss; and (2) Seal Cove, where coexisting kornerupine and grandidierite occur within coarse-grained, metamorphic segregations with Mg-rich cores of cordierite-garnet-spinel-biotite-ilmenite and variably developed plagioclase halos. The segregations are hosted within biotite-bearing, plagio-feldspathic gneiss. Textural relationships from these localities indicate the stability of co-existing kornerupine and grandidierite.The grandidierite- and kornerupine-bearing segregations from Seal Cove largely postdate structures developed during a crustal thickening event (D2) which was coeval with peak metamorphism. At McCarthy Point, grandidierite, kornerupine and late-tourmaline growth predates, or is synchronous, with F3 fold structures developed during a extensive granulite grade, normal shearing event (D3) which occurred prior to, and synchronous with, near-isothermal decompression. Average pressure calculations on assemblages that coexist with the borosilicates at Seal Cove, indicate the prevailing conditions were 5.2–5.5 kbar at ∼ 750°C for formation of the grandidierite-kornerupine assemblage.

Reaction textures and metamorphic evolution of sapphirine–spinel-bearing and associated granulites from Diguva Sonaba, Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIVYA PRAKASH ◽  
DEEPAK ◽  
PRAVEEN CHANDRA SINGH ◽  
CHANDRA KANT SINGH ◽  
SUPARNA TEWARI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granulite Facies ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Metamorphic Rocks ◽  
Mobile Belt ◽  
Granulite Facies Metamorphism ◽  
Facies Metamorphism ◽  
Isothermal Decompression ◽  
Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt ◽  
Prograde Path

AbstractThe Diguva Sonaba area (Vishakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh, South India) represents part of the granulite-facies terrain of the Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt. The Precambrian metamorphic rocks of the area predominantly consist of mafic granulite (±garnet), khondalite, leptynite (±garnet, biotite), charnockite, enderbite, calc-granulite, migmatic gneisses and sapphirine–spinel-bearing granulite. The latter rock type occurs as lenticular bodies in khondalite, leptynite and calc-granulite. Textural relations, such as corroded inclusions of biotite within garnet and orthopyroxene, resorbed hornblende within pyroxenes, and coarse-grained laths of sillimanite, presumably pseudomorphs after kyanite, provide evidence of either an earlier episode of upper-amphibolite-facies metamorphism or they represent relics of the prograde path that led to granulite-facies metamorphism. In the sapphirine–spinel-bearing granulite, osumilite was stable in addition to sapphirine, spinel and quartz during the thermal peak of granulite-facies metamorphism but the assemblage was later replaced by Crd–Opx–Qtz–Kfs-symplectite and a variety of reaction coronas during retrograde overprint. Variable amounts of biotite or biotite+quartz symplectite replaced orthopyroxene, cordierite and Opx–Crd–Kfs–Qtz-symplectite at an even later retrograde stage. Peak metamorphic conditions of c. 1000°C and c. 12 kbar were computed by isopleths of XMg in garnet and XAl in orthopyroxene. The sequence of reactions as deduced from the corona and symplectite assemblages, together with petrogenetic grid and pseudosection modelling, records a clockwise P–T evolution. The P–T path is characteristically T-convex suggesting an isothermal decompression path and reflects rapid uplift followed by cooling of a tectonically thickened crust.

Zircon and monazite petrochronologic record of prolonged amphibolite to granulite facies metamorphism in the Ivrea-Verbano and Strona-Ceneri Zones, NW Italy

Lithos ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 308-309 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia Guergouz ◽  
Laure Martin ◽  
Olivier Vanderhaeghe ◽  
Nicolas Thébaud ◽  
Marco Fiorentini
Keyword(s):  
Granulite Facies ◽  
Granulite Facies Metamorphism ◽  
Facies Metamorphism ◽  
Nw Italy

A Discussion on global tectonics in Proterozoic times - Late Proterozoic cratonization in southwest Saudi Arabia

1976 ◽  
Vol 280 (1298) ◽  
pp. 517-527 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Granulite Facies ◽  
Greenschist Facies ◽  
Arabian Shield ◽  
Granulite Facies Metamorphism ◽  
Quartz Monzonite ◽  
Facies Metamorphism ◽  
Global Tectonics

Early cratonal development of the Arabian Shield of southwestern Saudi Arabia began with the deposition of calcic to calc-alkalic, basaltic to dacitic volcanic rocks, and immature sedimentary rocks that subsequently were moderately deformed, metamorphosed, and intruded about 960 Ma ago by dioritic batholiths of mantle derivation (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7029). A thick sequence of calc-alkalic andesitic to rhyodacitic volcanic rocks and volcanoclastic wackes was deposited unconformably on this neocraton. Regional greenschistfacies metamorphism, intensive deformation along north-trending structures, and intrusion of mantle-derived (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7028) dioritic to granodioritic batholiths occurred about 800 Ma. Granodiorite was emplaced as injection gneiss about 785 Ma (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7028- 0.7035) in localized areas of gneiss doming and amphibolite to granulite facies metamorphism. Deposition of clastic and volcanic rocks overlapped in time and followed orogeny at 785 Ma. These deposits, together with the older rocks, were deformed, metamorphosed to greenschist facies, and intruded by calc-alkalic plutons (87Sr/86Sr = 0.7035) between 600 and 650 Ma. Late cratonal development between 570 and 550 Ma involved moderate pulses of volcanism, deformation, metamorphism to greenschist facies, and intrusion of quartz monzonite and granite. Cratonization appears to have evolved in an intraoceanic, island-arc environment of comagmatic volcanism and intrusion.

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