scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Variation of Heavy Metal Pollution during Accidents: A Case Study of the Heshangshan Protected Water Area, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 6919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Ding ◽  
Yue Tan ◽  
Baodeng Hou
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Accident Scenario ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Recently, water environmental accidents have occasionally occurred which have had wide-ranging influences, long durations and are difficult to deal with. The development of the social economy, the acceleration of industrialization, the huge discharge of industrial wastewater and the occasional occurrence of ship transportation accidents pose serious threats to the water quality of water inlets and protected water areas. This article applied the two-dimensional water quality model, used a GIS platform and FORTRAN language, and predicted spatio-temporal variations of the iron concentration during a water pollution accident. This research selected the water inlet of Heshangshan Water Plant and the Heshangshan protected water area as the research objective, and assumed a water pollution event had occurred. It was suggested that we should take corresponding emergency measures and relevant solutions to deal with the bad effects of water pollution accidents. The processes mainly included the selection of the study area, the determination of the equation to be used, parameters determination, as well as the identification of the accident scenario and source. The durations of the iron concentration exceeding the standard at the water inlet were 12–18 min and in the protected water area were 16–36 min in four water periods after the accident. In addition, the durations taken for the iron concentration to decrease to the background value in the protected water area were 18–38 min after the accident in four water periods in the accident scenario. Relevant departments should take some contingency measures to avoid fetching water from the intake after the accident within 40 min after the accident and the relevant staff can cancel the warning 40 min after the accident.

scholarly journals Temporal Variation of Chlorophyll-a Concentrations in Highly Dynamic Waters from Unattended Sensors and Remote Sensing Observations

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Li ◽  
Liqiao Tian ◽  
Qingjun Song ◽  
Zhaohua Sun ◽  
Hongjing Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Monitoring of water quality changes in highly dynamic inland lakes is frequently impeded by insufficient spatial and temporal coverage, for both field surveys and remote sensing methods. To track short-term variations of chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll-a concentrations in Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China, high-frequency, in-situ, measurements were collected from two fixed stations. The K-mean clustering method was also applied to identify clusters with similar spatio-temporal variations, using remote sensing Chl-a data products from the MERIS satellite, taken from 2003 to 2012. Four lake area classes were obtained with distinct spatio-temporal patterns, two of which were selected for in situ measurement. Distinct daily periodic variations were observed, with peaks at approximately 3:00 PM and troughs at night or early morning. Short-term variations of chlorophyll fluorescence and Chl-a levels were revealed, with a maximum intra-diurnal ratio of 5.1 and inter-diurnal ratio of 7.4, respectively. Using geostatistical analysis, the temporal range of chlorophyll fluorescence and corresponding Chl-a variations was determined to be 9.6 h, which indicates that there is a temporal discrepancy between Chl-a variations and the sampling frequency of current satellite missions. An analysis of the optimal sampling strategies demonstrated that the influence of the sampling time on the mean Chl-a concentrations observed was higher than 25%, and the uncertainty of any single Terra/MODIS or Aqua/MODIS observation was approximately 15%. Therefore, sampling twice a day is essential to resolve Chl-a variations with a bias level of 10% or less. The results highlight short-term variations of critical water quality parameters in freshwater, and they help identify specific design requirements for geostationary earth observation missions, so that they can better address the challenges of monitoring complex coastal and inland environments around the world.

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Variations of Hydrochemical and Microbial Characteristics in Karst Water in Samcheok, South Korea

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3407
Author(s):  
Han-Sun Ryu ◽  
Heejung Kim ◽  
Jin-Yong Lee ◽  
Jiwook Jang ◽  
Sangwook Park
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Karst Water ◽  
Seasonal Characteristics ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Spatio Temporal

This study analyzed the hydrochemical characteristics and microbial communities of karst water in Samcheok, Korea, and compared water quality results to identify the seasonal characteristics and hydrogeological connectivity of the study areas of Hamaengbang-ri, Gyogok-ri, Yeosam-ri, and the downtown area of Samcheok. Field survey and water quality analysis were performed in July 2019, February 2020, and April 2020. Hydrochemical analysis of karst water (groundwater and surface water) showed that most samples were comprised of Ca-HCO3 and that water–rock interactions were a dominant factor compared to precipitation and evaporation (crystallization). For seasonal characteristics, water–rock interactions appeared more active in the dry season than in the rainy season. Calcite weathering was dominant in the dry season, whereas dolomite weathering dominated the rainy season. Moreover, the saturation indexes for the dry and rainy seasons were less than and greater than 0, respectively, corresponding to an unsaturation (oversaturation) state; thus, white precipitate distributed in the study areas was deposited in the rainy season. Finally, as a result of analyzing the hydraulic characteristics between regions, hydrogeological similarities were identified between Hamaengbang-ri and Yeosam-ri, and between Gyogok-ri and downtown Samcheok, which suggested hydrogeological connectivity between each of the pairs.

Application of Various Space Dimensional Water Quality Model in Different Areas

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 456-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Zhou ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Li Min Ma
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Water Quality Model ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Quality Planning ◽  
Dimension One ◽  
Control Water

The water quality model is an efficient tool for water pollution control, water quality planning and environmental management. In accordance with the need of prediction, analysis and management of water quality, this article presents different application conditions for various water quality model, including zero-dimension, one-dimension, two-dimension and multidimensional. Then the application of water quality model in different areas are summarized here.

scholarly journals GIS-Based Modelling of Water Quality in Different Hilsha Spawning Grounds and Sanctuaries of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rumana Yasmin ◽  
Mehady Islam
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Temporal Modelling ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The current study was performed to monitor in situ condition and spatio-temporal modelling of the present status of water quality parameters of different spawning grounds and sanctuaries of Hilsha. The study was conducted in nine sites in lower Padma River (Maowa) to lower Meghna River (Bhola, Patuakhali) from 1 August 2015 to 31 January 2016. This study demonstrates surface water temperature, salinity, conductivity and transparency were ranged from 19.00-33.00°C, 0.10-2.90 ppt, 125.60-4720.00 µS/cm and 6.60-74.00 cm respectively. The values of pH, DO, free CO2, total alkalinity, total hardness and free NH3 were varied from 6.00-9.50, 4.50-11.60 mg/L, 3.46-24.00 mg/L, 33.00-172.50 mg/L, 34.20-1291.00 mg/L and 0.20-1.40 mg/L respectively. Moreover, water quality model reveals that the present status of some water quality parameters (free CO2, free NH3, transparency) deviated from optimum condition suitable for the normal physiological process and spawning of Hilsha.

scholarly journals The Kuybyshev Reservoir Volga Reach Water Quality Assessment by the Zooplankton Status

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Kuibyshev Reservoir ◽  
Quality Of Water

The object of the study were three different in their hydrological characteristics, as well as the degree of anthropogenic load on them (in the form of sewage from the adjacent territory), the area of the water area of the Volga reaches of the Kuibyshev Reservoir, where there are deposits of nonmetallic building materials. Studies were conducted during the vegetation period 2014-2015. They included physical/chemical studies and studies of the state of zooplankton. Total 311 samples of zooplankton were collected and processed. During the study, 30 species of zooplankton organisms were recorded: 7 species of Rotifera, 7 species of Copepoda and 16 species of Cladocera. The richest in terms of the quantitative diversity of species was No. 3 site. Prevalent in terms of number and biomass of organisms – site number 1. Quantitative indicators of zooplankton were observed in 2015 compared to 2014. This is explained by the fact that 2014 was warmer than 2015. The oxygen regime of 2014 was also better than that of 2015. The turbidity of water in 2014 was below the turbidity of water in 2015, the quality of water in the second year of research deteriorated compared to the first in a number of indicators, such as COD, compounds copper, zinc, manganese, oil products. The mid-vegetation indexes of saprobity for the indicated observation period make it possible to attribute these sections of the Volga reach of the Kuibyshev reservoir to the β-mesosaprobic zone, which corresponds to the third class of water quality - moderately polluted water. Proceeding from the obtained values of the Shannon and Pielu indices, the zooplankton of the studied sections of the Volga reaches of the Kuibyshev reservoir has a rather low species richness with a rigid type of dominance, which characterizes it as mesotrophic. The ratio of groups of organisms and the dominance of individual species indicates a deterioration in water quality over a two-year period of research, which is confirmed by the research conducted by the Federal State Unitary Enterprise «UGMS RT».

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal variations of water quality in Nova Ponte Reservoir, Araguari River Basin, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1507-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Christofaro ◽  
Mônica M. Diniz Leão ◽  
Sílvia M. A. C. Oliveira ◽  
Déborah T. Viana ◽  
Camila C. Amorim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Spatio Temporal

scholarly journals Application of Remodeled Water Quality Indices and Multivariate Statistical Methods for the Appraisal of Water Quality in a Himalayan Lake

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mozim Shafi ◽  
Chander Prakash ◽  
Khalid Muzamil Gani
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract This study demonstrates and analyses spatio-temporal changes and trends of 15 water quality parameters that were arbitrated from the samples collected at 11 sampling locations during the water quality monitoring across the Dal Lake from September 2017 to August 2020. Further a revised WQI (named WQImin) was developed contingent on multiple regression modeling comprising six key parameters (NH4-N, DO, COD, WT, TUB and NO3-N) so as to ease the course of action and lessen the systematic costs of the water quality assessment. The results signify that the general mean WQI value 81.9 and seasonal average WQI values ranges from 79.44 to 84.55. The quality of water showed seasonal variance, with lowest values in summer, succeeded by autumn and winter, and highest in spring. Moreover, the suggested WQImin model contingent on the selected six critical parameters displayed execution in the evaluation of Dal Lake’s water quality with R2 = 0.99, RMSE value (5.48) and PE value of 6.34%. This manifested that the developed WQImin model can be convenient and efficacious implement to control and determine Dal Lake’s water quality. Further results showed that most of the nutrients were above the threshold value during the monitoring period, which is the leading cause of eutrophication at some places in the lake.

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