scholarly journals Sustainability of Forest-Based Bioenergy—A Case Study of Students Surveyed at a University in Finland

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5667
Author(s):  
Tapio Ranta ◽  
Antti Karhunen ◽  
Mika Laihanen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Forest Operations ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Student Background ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Over Exploitation

With the increasing use of forest biomass, concerns about negative impacts have been raised in the debate. The aim of this study was to find out the attitude of university students towards the energy use of forest-based biomass and how different areas of sustainable forest operations were addressed. The survey was conducted over two years (2018–2019) with both full-time students at university and distance learning students who study alongside their work. Background information such as gender, nationality and field of study was collected from students. Most of the students currently considered the energy use of forest biomass to be sustainable. Many replies stressed that the situation could change if the use of forests is increased from the present circumstances. The main factors mentioned that led to forest-based bioenergy being sustainable were positive felling balance, compliance with forest certification, use of waste fractions and implementation of the Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) directive, while the loss of biodiversity, over-exploitation of forests, C debt and the cascading principle were factors that led to forest-based bioenergy being unsustainable. Student background variables had no effect on responses except for the field of study.

Prestige, taboo, and sustainability: predicting wildlife population trajectories in indigenous commerce

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clark. S. Monson ◽  
Paul Alan Cox
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Strategy ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Flying Foxes ◽  
Wildlife Population ◽  
Indigenous Conservation ◽  
Optimal Foraging Strategy ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Extinction Model ◽  
Over Exploitation

Commercial traffic in plants and animals has led to severe declines for some species, while others have experienced few if any negative impacts. Given the uncertainty regarding which species are likely to be adversely affected by monetized trade, it would be useful to have a model that could predict wildlife population trajectories of wild-gathered species subsequent to commercialization. We suggest that the indigenous conservation strategy of "taboo" offers important insights into identifying species that are susceptible to over-exploitation through commercial traffic. We describe an economic conservation/extinction model based on the dual concepts of taboo and optimal foraging strategy and examine the model through a detailed case study of vulnerability to perturbation in the case of commercial traffic in Pacific island flying foxes. We suggest that tile virtual eradication of flying foxes from the island of Guam during the Twentieth Century resulted from a cultural predilection among the indigenous Chamorro people for consuming flying foxes coupled with the cultural loss of the traditional taboo conservation system on the island.

Mismatch Between Education and Occupation: A Case Study of Pakistani Graduates.

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (4II) ◽  
pp. 531-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shujaat Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Keywords Education ◽  
Job Mismatch

In this study, an attempt has been made to estimate the incidences of job mismatch in Pakistan. The study has divided the job mismatch into three categories; education-job mismatch, qualification mismatch and field of study and job mismatch. Both the primary and secondary datasets have been used in which the formal sector employed graduates have been targeted. This study has measured the education-job mismatch by three approaches and found that about one-third of the graduates are facing education-job mismatch. In similar, more than one-fourth of the graduates are mismatched in qualification, about half of them are over-qualified and the half are under-qualified. The analysis also shows that 11.3 percent of the graduates have irrelevant and 13.8 percent have slightly relevant jobs to their studied field of disciplines. Our analysis shows that women are more likely than men to be mismatched in field of study. JEL classification: I23, I24, J21, J24 Keywords: Education and Inequality, Higher Education, Human Capital, Labour Market

The Influence of Wharfs on School Children: A Case Study of Portee Wharf in Freetown, Sierra Leone

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-140
Author(s):  
Alhaji Bakar Kamara
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
School Children ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Control Problems

The focus of this research is to investigate the influence of wharfs on school children. Therefore it will report the findings of the result on the influences of wharfs on school children with specific case on Portee Wharf in Freetown, Sierra Leone in West Africa. In this regard, the introduction describes the research area, stating the statement of the problem, the overall goal and specific objectives that will be attained in this study, justification for selecting the topic, problems to be encountered during the course of carrying out this research and major influences. Besides, an indication of the methods used to investigate the topic will also be highlighted. Moreover, the studies will analyze the actual responses of the respondents of the activities of the wharf on school-going children. It will address the questionnaire in accordance with the following: Background information of respondents, this investigated areas such as sex, age, religion, occupation and tribe; It enquires about the activities of the wharfs, reasons and consequences of children engaged in wharfs and strategies to control problems that may emanate from the wharf. The paper will show the findings, gives the summary, conclusion and recommendations of problems identified while carrying out the research.

Side effects of cultured bacteria addition in wastewater collection system on plant operations – a case study

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjin Liu ◽  
Giraldo Eugenio
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Odor Control ◽  
Plant Operations ◽  
Cultured Bacteria ◽  
Wastewater Collection

Cultured bacteria addition is one of the technologies used for odor control and FOG (fat, oil, and grease) removal in wastewater collection systems. This study investigated the efficiency of bacterial addition on wastewater odor control by conducting a set of full scale trials in a 60,000 cubic meter per day system for a period of two years. The objectives of this study were: (i) to identify factors that could impact wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) operations due to the effect of bacterial addition in the collection system, (ii) to estimate/understand the level of those impacts, and (iii) to present some interesting findings from the completed case study. The plant operation data before and during the bacterial addition were reviewed. The application of the cultured bacteria presented in the study was found to have significant impacts on the operation of the WWTP in terms of influent biological oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS) loading, primary settling, sludge production, energy use, dissolved sulfides concentration, and methane production.

Government Policies and Rural Entrepreneurship- Case Study of an Horticulture Entrepreneur

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod N. Sambrani
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Rural Entrepreneurship ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
Startup Time ◽  
Nursery Management ◽  
The Government

India is a country which is in forefront of being called a developed nation. To be a developed nation, India has to first look at its rural development, because 70 percent of the population live in rural areas, which means more than 700 million people are spread across 6,27,000 villages. Rural development is more than ever before linked to entrepreneurship. Establishments and agencies promoting rural development now look at entrepreneurship as a strategic development medium that could speed up the rural development process. Development institutions believe that rural entrepreneurship offers a huge potential for employment. In this paper a case study of a young entrepreneur who has taken up horticulture (vegetable plants nursery) as his full time profession, with a mission to help the neighbouring farmers is studied, the purpose of this paper is to understand the government role (policies and schemes), the difficulties faced by the entrepreneur during the startup time and knowledge transfer from the horticulture department, nursery management. The methodology followed is in-depth interaction with the entrepreneur. The outcome of paper will be to understand how rural entrepreneurship is helping improve the quality of life for families, communities and individuals leading to sustainable economy and environment.

Book Review: A Guide to Decision Making in Student Affairs: A Case Study Approach

NASPA Journal ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Davis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Student Affairs ◽  
Student Affairs Professionals ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
New Professionals ◽  
Study Approach

Stanley Levy and Charles Kozoll capture much of the complexity of decisionmaking and offer an important contribution to our understanding of this perplexing topic. The publication of A Guide to Decision Making in Student Affairs: A Case Study Approach, furthermore, is timely due to what Stage (1993) recognizes as an increasing expectation that "new professionals, even at the lowest levels, have the ability to work independently and solve complex issues knowledgeably and with skill and integrity" (p. iii). The case study approach combined with the expert advice of 15 seasoned student affairs deans (called informants) provides a valuable resource for learning about a central task in our profession. The book offers students as well as experienced professionals background information critical to decisionmaking in higher education, exploration of fundamental issues that influence the process, carefully constructed and relevant case studies, and a reservoir of advice from some of the most well respected senior-level practitioners in our field. This book is particularly valuable to faculty members facilitating learning with new professionals, but it is a resource most student affairs professionals would find well worth owning.

scholarly journals Using Telemedicine to Pre-Screen Sports Medicine Patients in the Ambulatory Setting Reduces Wait Times and Maximizes Provider-Patient Interaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0041
Author(s):  
Alfred Atanda ◽  
Kathryn Leyden ◽  
Medical Student
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Visit Time ◽  
Medicine Clinic ◽  
Exam Room ◽  
Room Time

Objectives: Gathering of background information during a clinic visit can be time-consuming. Some medical specialties have workflows that pre-screen patients ahead of time to minimize delays. Having background information ahead of time may decrease delays and ensure that the visit is focused on physical examination, diagnosis, and treatment. We have used telemedicine to treat established patients to reduce cost and resource utilization, while maintaining high levels of patient satisfaction. It is conceivable that telemedicine could also be used to pre-screen new patients prior to their in-person clinic visit. The goal of the current study was to evaluate whether utilizing telemedicine to pre-screen new patients to our sports medicine clinic would reduce time in the exam room waiting and being seen, and overall clinic times. Methods: From June 2018 through August 2018, we utilized videoconferencing telemedicine to pre-screen all new patients to a pediatric sports medicine clinic with a chief diagnosis of knee pain. Visits were performed by full-time telemedicine pediatricians who were provided appropriate training and an intake form describing which questions should be asked. All visits utilized the American Well software platform (Boston, USA) and were performed on the patient’s personal device. During the subsequent in-person visit, the overall timing of the visit was recorded including: time checked in, time waiting in waiting room, time waiting in exam room, time spent with provider, and time-checked out, were all recorded. Similar time points were recorded for matched control patients that did not undergo telemedicine pre-screening and were seen in the traditional manner. Inclusion criteria included: being brand new to the practice and unilateral knee pain. Results: There were eight pre-screened patients and ten control patients in this cohort. Compared to controls, pre-screened patients spent less time in the exam room (19 min vs. 31 min), higher percentage of the exam room time with the provider (58% vs. 34%), higher percentage of the overall visit time with the provider (29% vs. 19.5%), and less time for the overall visit (39 min vs. 52 min). Conclusion: Pre-screening patients to obtain background information can decrease exam room waiting time and overall visit time and maximize time during the visit spent with the provider. In addition, it could potentially be used to increase throughput through the clinic and improve patient satisfaction scores.

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