The Influence of Power and Trust on the Initiation and Duration of Modal Shift Solutions

Modal shift to more energy-efficient alternatives, such as from road to rail or sea, is one path to reduce negative environmental effects. Transport providers and shippers have crucial roles in modal choice decisions, and a better understanding of the influence of interorganisational factors on modal shift is needed. The purpose is to increase the understanding of opportunities for modal shifts by exploring the influence of power and trust at the interface between transport providers and shippers. Aspects of power (coercive, reward, legitimate, expert and referent) and trust (contractual, competence and goodwill) influencing modal shifts were identified from interviews with shippers and transport providers in Sweden. During the initiation phase of modal shift, power appears more important, while trust is shown essential for the duration. By proactively suggesting modal shift, transport providers can use expert power to create rewards and referent power, through recognition of their expertise. Building trust, particularly goodwill trust, such as time invested in understanding the other party, transparency about challenges and jointly seeking solutions, is key to establish long-term modal shifts. This paper contributes to modal shift literature with insights on power balances and trust between transport providers and shippers.

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Common Misconceptions in the Nutritional Management of Athletes

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine ◽

10.1177/1559827618766484 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 387-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Scott Stoll

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Providers ◽

Health Claims ◽

Nutritional Requirements ◽

Nutritional Management ◽

Dietary Practices ◽

Referent Power ◽

Expert Power ◽

Term Change ◽

Common Misconceptions

Athletes today face a multitude of competing voices with health claims and products to enhance performance. This has led to both confusion and misconceptions about healthy dietary practices for athletes. Research has demonstrated that athletes do not understand the recommended nutritional requirements necessary for health. Further, improper study methods and research design can create and propagate misconceptions about how athletes view their own health and personal sacrifices. These misconceptions not only influence attitudes and recommendations by healthcare providers and coaches but can also affect legislation. Healthcare providers, coaches and trainers have the opportunity to positively influence healthy nutritional lifestyles in athletes. Research has demonstrated that the balance of expert power and referent power have been shown to emphasize personal empowerment and long term change.

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The interaction between leadership and personal power in work engagement

The Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology ◽

10.24230/kjiop.v31i1.59-80 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 59-80

Author(s):

JaeSeok Jang ◽

HyungIn Park

Keyword(s):

Organizational Culture ◽

Work Engagement ◽

The Other ◽

Participative Leadership ◽

Moderating Effects ◽

Personal Power ◽

Referent Power ◽

Expert Power ◽

Other Hand

This study investigated the moderating effects of supervisors’ personal power (i.e., expert power and referent power) on the relationships between two types of leadership, participative and directive, and work engagement. Specifically, it was expected that the two types of leadership would be positively related to work engagement, and that these relationships would be stronger when subordinates perceived high rather than low personal power in their supervisor. Data were collected from 435 workers who had a direct supervisor and analyzed using hierarchical regressions. Findings revealed that participative leadership and directive leadership significantly explained all of the three sub-factors of work engagement (i.e., vigor, dedication, and absorption) when either type of leadership was held constant. In addition, expert power enhanced the relationships of participative leadership with regard to vigor and dedication. Further, referent power enhanced the relationships of participative leadership with regard to vigor and absorption. On the other hand, the interaction between directive leadership and personal power was not significant with reference to any sub-factors of work engagement. These findings were discussed in the context of organizational culture.

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Radioimmunotherapy for treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1625714 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 44 (03) ◽

pp. 107-117

Author(s):

R. G. Meyer ◽

W. Herr ◽

A. Helisch ◽

P. Bartenstein ◽

I. Buchmann

Keyword(s):

Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽

Myeloid Leukaemia ◽

Primary Tumour ◽

The Other ◽

Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽

Other Hand ◽

Primary Reduction ◽

The One ◽

Acute Myeloid

SummaryThe prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has improved considerably by introduction of aggressive consolidation chemotherapy and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Nevertheless, only 20-30% of patients with AML achieve long-term diseasefree survival after SCT. The most common cause of treatment failure is relapse. Additionally, mortality rates are significantly increased by therapy-related causes such as toxicity of chemotherapy and complications of SCT. Including radioimmunotherapies in the treatment of AML and myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) allows for the achievement of a pronounced antileukaemic effect for the reduction of relapse rates on the one hand. On the other hand, no increase of acute toxicity and later complications should be induced. These effects are important for the primary reduction of tumour cells as well as for the myeloablative conditioning before SCT.This paper provides a systematic and critical review of the currently used radionuclides and immunoconjugates for the treatment of AML and MDS and summarizes the literature on primary tumour cell reductive radioimmunotherapies on the one hand and conditioning radioimmunotherapies before SCT on the other hand.

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Hidden “holes” in the capital of banks and the supply of credit to the real sector of economy

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2018-5-49-68 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 49-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. E. Mamonov

Keyword(s):

Credit Risk ◽

The Other ◽

Real Sector ◽

Capital Management ◽

Loan Loss ◽

Short Term ◽

The Real ◽

Ex Post ◽

The One

Our analysis documents that the existence of hidden “holes” in the capital of not yet failed banks - while creating intertemporal pressure on the actual level of capital - leads to changing of maturity of loans supplied rather than to contracting of their volume. Long-term loans decrease, whereas short-term loans rise - and, what is most remarkably, by approximately the same amounts. Standardly, the higher the maturity of loans the higher the credit risk and, thus, the more loan loss reserves (LLP) banks are forced to create, increasing the pressure on capital. Banks that already hide “holes” in the capital, but have not yet faced with license withdrawal, must possess strong incentives to shorten the maturity of supplied loans. On the one hand, it raises the turnovers of LLP and facilitates the flexibility of capital management; on the other hand, it allows increasing the speed of shifting of attracted deposits to loans to related parties in domestic or foreign jurisdictions. This enlarges the potential size of ex post revealed “hole” in the capital and, therefore, allows us to assume that not every loan might be viewed as a good for the economy: excessive short-term and insufficient long-term loans can produce the source for future losses.

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Exploring the Fourth Order

Conference Proceedings of the Academy for Design Innovation Management ◽

10.33114/adim.2019.07.227 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Barend KLITSIE ◽

Rebecca PRICE ◽

Christine DE LILLE

Keyword(s):

Action Research ◽

Fourth Order ◽

Subject Matter ◽

Action Research Project ◽

Research Project ◽

Building Trust ◽

Current Business

Companies are organised to fulfil two distinctive functions: efficient and resilient exploitation of current business and parallel exploration of new possibilities. For the latter, companies require strong organisational infrastructure such as team compositions and functional structures to ensure exploration remains effective. This paper explores the potential for designing organisational infrastructure to be part of fourth order subject matter. In particular, it explores how organisational infrastructure could be designed in the context of an exploratory unit, operating in a large heritage airline. This paper leverages insights from a long-term action research project and finds that building trust and shared frames are crucial to designing infrastructure that affords the greater explorative agenda of an organisation.

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Interrelationships between municipal spatial policy strategy and airport operation and development. Lodz Airport case study

Urban Development Issues ◽

10.2478/udi-2018-0029 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 65-79

Author(s):

Katarzyna Nikorowicz-Zatorska

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Planning ◽

Cultural Development ◽

The Other ◽

Local Authorities ◽

Spatial Management ◽

The One ◽

Surrounding Areas

Abstract The present paper focuses on spatial management regulations in order to carry out investment in the field of airport facilities. The construction, upgrades, and maintenance of airports falls within the area of responsibility of local authorities. This task poses a great challenge in terms of organisation and finances. On the one hand, an active airport is a municipal landmark and drives local economic, social and cultural development, and on the other, the scale of investment often exceeds the capabilities of local authorities. The immediate environment of the airport determines its final use and prosperity. The objective of the paper is to review legislation that affects airports and the surrounding communities. The process of urban planning in Lodz and surrounding areas will be presented as a background to the problem of land use management in the vicinity of the airport. This paper seeks to address the following questions: if and how airports have affected urban planning in Lodz, does the land use around the airport prevent the development of Lodz Airport, and how has the situation changed over the time? It can be assumed that as a result of lack of experience, land resources and size of investments on one hand and legislative dissonance and peculiar practices on the other, aviation infrastructure in Lodz is designed to meet temporary needs and is characterised by achieving short-term goals. Cyclical problems are solved in an intermittent manner and involve all the municipal resources, so there’s little left to secure long-term investments.

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Pengaruh Financial Leverage terhadap Financial Performance pada Sektor Industri Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Periode 2015

Jurnal Manajemen ◽

10.31937/manajemen.v9i2.719 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 33-48

Author(s):

Rivaldy Februansyah ◽

Ika Yanuarti

Keyword(s):

Financial Performance ◽

Manufacturing Sector ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

The Other ◽

Debt Ratio ◽

Financial Leverage ◽

Coverage Ratio ◽

Equity Ratio ◽

Internal Fund

The manufacturing sector is one of the most dominant economic sectors in in achieving growth and development in Indonesia. It needs adequate fund to develop its business. The sources of fund are from internal and external. The firm usually optimized the usage of internal fund prior to external fund. The internal fund comes from equity while the external funds are from debt and stock. Debt is also known as financial leverage. There is a phenomenon that the usage of debt increased the firm’s financial performance, since interest on debt could lower the payment of tax (tax shield). On the other side, the higher the financial leverage the higher the risk of bankruptcy. This research aims to analyze whether financial leverage has an influence on financial performance in the manufacturing sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) period 2015. The method of analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. This research uses quantitative approach with a sample of 140 listed companies in the manufacturing industry. The firm’s financial performance could be measured by the financial ratios. Financial Leverage ratios are ratios that measure the ability of firm’s to meet its financial obligation and the level of usage debt as compared to equity. There are several financial leverage ratios that used in this research, such as Debt Ratio (DR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR), and Long Term Debt Ratio (LTDR). Financial performance indicates the ability of firm to generate profit and measured by Profitability Ratio. Return on Asset (ROA) is one of the Profitability Ratio. The statistical result shows that Debt Ratio (DR) negatively affect Return on Asset (ROA) and Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR) positively affect Return on Asset (ROA). Meanwhile, Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Long Term Debt Ratio (LTDR) did not affect Return on Asset (ROA). On the other hand, result shows that Debt Ratio (DR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR), and Long Term Debt Ratio (LTDR) affect Return on Asset (ROA) simultaneously. Keywords: Financial Leverage, Debt Ratio (DR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR), Long Term Debt Ratio (LTDR), Financial Performance, Return on Assets (ROA)

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The effects of long-term vigorous endurance exercise on the coronary arteries

Swiss Sports & Exercise Medicine ◽

10.34045/2019/13 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Endurance Training ◽

Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽

Calcium Score ◽

The Other ◽

Disease Phenotype ◽

Male Athletes ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Future Work ◽

Summary Data

Moderate endurance training is known to improve cardiovascular risk factors, and prolongs life expectancy. On the other hand, there has been some discussion whether “too much” exercise might have a contrarious effect by accelerating coronary atherosclerosis. The goal of this review was to evaluate the current literature on the effects of long-term vigorous endurance training on the coronary vasculature. In summary, data point to an increased calcium score, and a higher burden of atherosclerotic plaque in male athletes compared to sedentary controls. However, the plaques found in athletes were more prone to be calcified. The pathogenesis and clinical relevance of this athlete coronary artery disease phenotype remains incompletely understood and represents an area of important future work.

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