scholarly journals Water Storage in Dry Riverbeds of Arid and Semi-Arid Regions: Overview, Challenges, and Prospects of Sand Dam Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5905
Author(s):  
Bisrat Ayalew Yifru ◽  
Min-Gyu Kim ◽  
Jeong-Woo Lee ◽  
Il-Hwan Kim ◽  
Sun-Woo Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Sediment Properties ◽  
Hydrogeological Characteristics ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
The Ideal

Augmenting water availability using water-harvesting structures is of importance in arid and semi-arid regions (ASARs). This paper provides an overview and examines challenges and prospects of the sand dam application in dry riverbeds of ASARs. The technology filters and protects water from contamination and evaporation with low to no maintenance cost. Sand dams improve the socio-economy of the community and help to cope with drought and climate change. However, success depends on the site selection, design, and construction. The ideal site for a sand dam is at a transition between mountains and plains, with no bend, intermediate slope, and impermeable riverbed in a catchment with a slope greater than 2°. The spillway dimensioning considers the flow velocity, sediment properties, and storage target, and the construction is in multi-stages. Recently, the failure of several sand dams because of incorrect siting, evaporation loss, and one-stage construction were reported. Revision of practitioners’ manuals by considering catchment scale hydrological and hydrogeological characteristics, spillway height, and sediment transport are recommended. Research shows that protected wells have better water quality than open wells and scoop holes. Therefore, the community should avoid open defecation, pit latrines, tethering of animals, and applying pesticides near the sand dam.

A decision support approach for the selection and implementation of water harvesting techniques in arid and semi-arid regions

2016 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berhane Grum ◽  
Rudi Hessel ◽  
Aad Kessler ◽  
Kifle Woldearegay ◽  
Eyasu Yazew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Water Harvesting ◽  
Harvesting Techniques ◽  
Semi Arid

Geologic Water Storage in Precolumbian Peru

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry P. Fairley
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Geologic Materials ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Andean South America ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Dependable Water

AbstractAgriculture in the arid and semi-arid regions that comprise much of present-day Peru, Bolivia, and Northern Chile is heavily dependent on irrigation; however, obtaining a dependable water supply in these areas is often difficult. The precolumbian peoples of Andean South America adapted to this situation by devising many strategies for transporting, storing, and retrieving water to insure consistent supply. I propose that the “elaborated springs” found at several Inka sites near Cuzco, Peru, are the visible expression of a simple and effective system of groundwater control and storage. I call this system “geologic water storage” because the water is stored in the pore spaces of sands, soils, and other near-surface geologic materials. I present two examples of sites in the Cuzco area that use this technology (Tambomachay and Tipón) and discuss the potential for identification of similar systems developed by other ancient Latin American cultures.

River management and environmental water allocation in regulated ecosystems of arid and semi-arid regions – A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 193 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-345
Author(s):  
Ehsan Atazadeh ◽  
Andrew Barton ◽  
Mozhgan Shirinpour ◽  
Mahdi Zarghami ◽  
Abbas Rajabifard
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Environmental Flows ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Riverine Ecosystems ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Ecological Benefit ◽  
Semi Arid

Rivers make a significant contribution in providing goods and services for human well-being. Today, many rivers and streams have been heavily regulated to ensure adequate provision of water resources for anthropogenic uses. Riverine ecosystems, especially those in arid and semi-arid regions, are experiencing severe stress due to the increasing demands on the ecosystem services they provide, coupled with anthropogenic catchment-scale impacts and factors associated with natural and human-induced climate variability and change. In this paper, the various flow components in regulated riverine ecosystems and the methods to determine environmental flows are reviewed. The review also focuses on the concurrent developments of eco-hydrological models and on the new opportunities for improving environmental flows of rivers by sustainably adjusting consumptive flows to fine-tune environmental flows and maximize the ecological benefit. In fact, the present paper highlights the role of consumptive flows, towards improving environmental flows, which has largely been neglected by river scientists and water managers. Indeed, consumptive flows can provide an opportunity to improve and support environmental flows in regulated riverine ecosystems. Addressing these challenges may aid water management efforts in finding sustainable solutions in riverine ecosystems by balancing environmental/ecological and human water requirements.

BIODIVERSITY OF HALOPHYTES IN SEMI-ARID REGIONS CASE OF ZAHREZ GHARBI AND ZAHREZ CHERGUI (ZAAFRANE-DJELFA) IN ALGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Senni Rachida ◽  
De Belair Gerard ◽  
Abdelkrim Hacene
Keyword(s):  
Arid Regions ◽  
Semi Arid

Water Resources Management in the Semi-Arid Central Valley of California

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
J. J. Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Ground Water Resource ◽  
Semi Arid

Hater resource managers in semi-arid regions are faced with some unique problems. The wide variations in precipitation and stream flows in semi-arid regions increase man's dependence on the ground water resource for an ample and reliable supply of water. Proper management of the ground water resource is absolutely essential to the economic well being of semi-arid regions. Historians have discovered the remains of vanished advanced civilizations based on irrigated agriculture which were ignorant of the importance of proper ground water resource management. In the United States a great deal of effort is presently being expended in the study and control of toxic discharges to the ground water resource. What many public policy makers fail to understand is that the potential loss to society resulting from the mineralization of the ground water resource is potentially much greater than the loss caused by toxic wastes discharges, particularly in developing countries. Appropriations for ground water resource management studies in developed countries such as the United States are presently much less than those for toxic wastes management and should be increased. It is the reponsibility of the water resource professional to emphasize to public policy makers the importance of ground water resource management. Applications of ground water resource management models in the semi-arid Central Valley of California are presented. The results demonstrate the need for proper ground water resource management practices in semi-arid regions and the use of ground water management models as a valuable tool for the water resource manager.

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