scholarly journals Assessing Multi-Micronutrients Deficiency in Agricultural Soils of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9136
Author(s):  
Arvind Kumar Shukla ◽  
Sanjib Kumar Behera ◽  
Chandra Prakash ◽  
Ashok Kumar Patra ◽  
Ch Srinivasa Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
The Right

The deficiencies of nutrient elements and inappropriate nutrient management practices in agricultural soils of the world is one of the reasons for low crop productivity, reduced nutritional quality of agricultural produce, and animal/human malnutrition. We carried out the present study to evaluate the single and multi-nutrient deficiencies of sulfur (S) and micronutrients (zinc (Zn), boron (B), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn)) in agricultural soils of India for their effective management to achieve sustainable crop production, improved nutritional quality in crops and better animal/human health. Altogether, 24,2827 surface soil samples (0 to 15 cm depth) were collected from the agriculture fields of 615 districts in 28 states of India and were analyzed for available S and micronutrient concentration. The concentration of available S and micronutrients varied widely. There were variable and widespread deficiencies of S and micronutrients in different states. The deficiencies of S, Zn and B were higher compared to the deficiencies of Fe, Cu and Mn. There were occurrences of two-nutrient (namely S + Zn, Zn + B, S + B, Zn + Fe Zn + Mn, S + Fe, Zn + Cu and Fe + B), three-nutrient (namely S + Zn + B, S + Zn + B and Zn + Fe + B) and four-nutrient (namely Zn + Fe + Cu + Mn and Zn + Fe + Cu + Mn + B) deficiencies in different extents. This information could be used by various stakeholders for production, supply and application of the right kind of fertilizers in different districts, states and agro-ecological regions of India for better crop production, crop nutritional quality, nutrient use efficiency and soil and environmental health. This will also help in a greater way to address the issue of malnutrition in human/animals.

scholarly journals Deficiency of phyto-available sulphur, zinc, boron, iron, copper and manganese in soils of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Kumar Shukla ◽  
Sanjib Kumar Behera ◽  
Chandra Prakash ◽  
Ajay Tripathi ◽  
Ashok Kumar Patra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Nutrient Use

AbstractNutrient deficiencies in soil–crop contexts and inappropriate managements are the important reasons for low crop productivity, reduced nutritional quality of agricultural produce and animal/human malnutrition, across the world. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate nutrient deficiencies of sulphur (S) and micronutrients [zinc (Zn), boron (B), iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn)] in agricultural soils of India for devising effective management strategies to achieve sustainable crop production, improved nutritional quality in crops and better animal/human health. A total of 2,42,827 surface (0–15 cm depth) soil samples were collected from agriculture fields of 615 districts lying in 28 states of India and were analysed for available S and micronutrients concentration. The study was carried out under the aegis of All India Coordinated Research Project on Micro- and Secondary-Nutrients and Pollutant Elements in Soils and Plants. The mean concentrations were 27.0 ± 29.9 mg kg−1 for available S, 1.40 ± 1.60 mg kg−1 for available Zn and 1.40 ± 4.70 mg kg−1 for available B, 31.0 ± 52.2 mg kg−1 for available Fe, 2.30 ± 3.50 mg kg−1 for available Cu and 17.5 ± 21.4 mg kg−1 for available Mn. There were variable and widespread deficiencies of S and micronutrients in different states. The deficiencies (acute deficient + deficient + latent deficiency) of S (58.6% of soils), Zn (51.2% of soils) and B (44.7% of soils) were higher compared to the deficiencies of Fe (19.2% of soils), Cu (11.4% of soils) and Mn (17.4% of soils). Out of 615 districts, > 50% of soils in 101, 131 and 86 districts were deficient in available S, available Zn and available B, respectively. Whereas, > 25% of soils in 83, 5 and 41 districts had deficiencies of available Fe, available Cu and available Mn, respectively. There were occurrences of 2-nutrients deficiencies such S + Zn (9.30% of soils), Zn + B (8.70% of soils), S + B (7.00% of soils) and Zn + Fe (5.80% of soils) to a greater extent compared to the deficiencies of Zn + Mn (3.40% of soils), S + Fe (3.30% of soils), Zn + Cu (2.80% of soils) and Fe + B (2.70% of soils). Relatively lower % of soils were deficient in 3-nutrients (namely S + Zn + B, S + Zn + B and Zn + Fe + B), 4-nutrients (namely Zn + Fe + Cu + Mn) and 5-nutrients (namely Zn + Fe + Cu + Mn + B) simultaneously. The information regarding the distribution of deficiencies of S and micronutrients (both single and multi-nutrients) could be used by various stakeholders for production, supply and application of right kind of fertilizers in different districts, states and agro-ecological regions of India for better crop production, crop nutritional quality, nutrient use efficiency, soil health and for tackling human and animal malnutrition.

scholarly journals Soil Fertility Management for Better Crop Production

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1349
Author(s):  
John Havlin ◽  
Ron Heiniger
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Soil Fertility Management ◽  
Fertility Management

Increasing crop productivity per unit of land area to meet future food and fiber demand increases both soil nutrient removal and the importance of replenishing soil fertility through efficient nutrient management practices. Significant progress in enhancing nutrient-use efficiency in production agriculture requires improved estimates of plant-available nutrients in the root zone, enhanced crop response to applied nutrients, and reduced offsite nutrient transport. This special issue, Soil Fertility Management for Better Crop Production, presents 15 manuscripts that advance our knowledge of interrelated soil, plant, and management factors important to increasing the nutrient availability and crop recovery of applied nutrients.

scholarly journals Strategies and Programs for Improved Nutrient Use Efficiency, Doubling Farmer’s Income, and Sustainable Agriculture: Indian Context

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravinder Juttu ◽  
Kamalakar Jogula ◽  
Subhashree Priyadarshini ◽  
Sharan Bhoopal Reddy ◽  
Prasanta Kumar Patra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Natural Ecosystem ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Since the Green Revolution era, the farming sector exploited the soils for food, fiber, fodder, etc., with high input responsive varieties that excavated vast amounts of chemical fertilizers. The burgeoning population of the country calls for a commensurate increase in food production to satisfy the demands of its inhabitants. Further, due to innovative mechanization in agriculture, specialization, and government policy programs, the productivity of food has soared. Subsequently, it ensued greater productions and minimized food prizes. Regrettably, intensive agricultural operations degraded the soil quality and now reached such a stage where without external inputs, growers unable to achieve their targeted yields. India has lost 68% innate productive capacity of agricultural soils. This plunder of land’s quality continues unabated, further resulting in low nutrient use efficiency and insufficient yields of agroecosystems. Therefore, this is high time to realize the dreadful impacts of intensive crop production on the natural ecosystem. Irrefutably, both soil and its nutrients are the wondrous gifts of nature to humankind; utilizing them sustainably is imperative. The present chapter highlights the impacts of non-judicious nutrient management on soil productivity, nutrient use efficiency, and novel technologies required to promote sustainable agriculture and achieve the target of doubling farmer’s income in India.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY OF MAJOR NUTRIENTS: A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (No 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barkha . ◽  
Ananya Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Organic Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nutrient use efficiency (NUE) is an important concept in the evaluation of crop production systems. With emerging nutrient deficiencies under intensive agriculture, there is a need to improve NUE. One of the approaches to enhance it is by judicious use of fertilizers (adequate rate, effective source, methods and time of application) as well as inclusion of organic manures. Organic nutrient sources are very effective but as their availability is not sufficient to meet the nutrient demand, we have to integrate both organic and inorganic sources of nutrients together in order to achieve higher NUE. Common measures of NUE include Partial Factor Productivity (PFP), Agronomic Efficiency (AE), Apparent Recovery Efficiency (RE), Physiological Efficiency (PE) and Internal Utilization Efficiency (IE). Mineral Fertilizer Equivalent (MFE) is another parameter that can be used to assess short term release of nutrients (mainly nitrogen) from organic nutrient sources

Environment impact of nitrogen losses from agriculture under different management practices

2020 ◽  
pp. 138-149
Author(s):  
Pooja LR ◽  
Renu Singh ◽  
Manoj Shrivastava ◽  
Ruma Das ◽  
Seema Sangwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Environment Impact ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
The Right

Nitrogen (N) fertilization is playing a vital role in increasing crop production and ensuring food security. The global population which is growing exponentially has reached nearly 7.5 billion in 2015 (from 1.65 billion in 1900).The sole reason behind this is synthetic nitrogen fertilizer, it alone supported 3.5 billion people otherwise it would be somewhere around 3.5-4 billion. Imbalanced use of N fertilizer leads to N deficient condition which affects plants growth and development also in N surplus condition it has a huge negative impact on environment and human welfare. It includes negative effects on biodiversity, eutrophication, nitrate accumulation in waters, acidification of soil and water bodies, nitrous oxide emissions and risks to human health due to exposure to ozone and particulate matter. In agricultural systems, when fertilizer is applied to crop is mainly prone to losses through ammonia (NH3) volatilisation, nitrate (NO3-) leaching and denitrification. Loss of N in the form of NH3 and NO3- mainly depends on various factors like temperature, soil pH, soil moisture, soil properties, plant characteristics, seasonal fluctuations. An integrated approach is must to minimize N losses and increase crop yield. In broader sense, options to minimize NH3 volatilization and NO3 leaching are fertilizer, soil and irrigation based management strategies. Fertilizer management options like 4R nutrient stewardship concept applying the Right Source of nutrients, at the Right Rate, at the Right Time and in the Right Place. Managing soil by practicing conservational tillage with crop based scheduled irrigation. This small change in nutrient, soil and irrigation management find way to make improvements in the nutrient use efficiency, profitability in farming, environmental safety and sustainable ecosystem with fertilizers in the developing world.

The importance of early season phosphorus nutrition

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Grant ◽  
D. N. Flaten ◽  
D. J. Tomasiewicz ◽  
S. C. Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Rhizosphere Ph ◽  
Early Season ◽  
P Supply

A review of studies conducted in a range of plant species indicated the importance of an adequate supply of P during early crop growth and outlined plant adaptations for accessing early season P. Potential implications of the requirement for early season P in the development of management practices to optimize P supply for crop production were also discussed. Phosphorus plays a critical role in energy reactions in the plant. Deficits can influence essentially all energy requiring processes in plant metabolism. Phosphorus stress early in the growing season can restrict crop growth, which can carry through to reduce final crop yield. Deficiencies during early growth generally have a greater negative influence on crop productivity than P restrictions imposed later in growth. Plants respond to P deficiencies by adaptations that increase the likelihood of producing some viable seed. The adaptations increase the ability of the plant to access and accumulate P and include modification of rhizosphere pH, diversion of resources to root production, increased root proliferation in high-P regions, and formation of associations with vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae. Plants differ in strategies adopted and in efficiency of P absorption. Effective nutrient management for optimal crop production must ensure that P is supplied to the crop in adequate amounts early in the growing season. It is important that we develop methods to accurately predict the early season P supply from the soil, in order to avoid either over-fertilization or crop deficiencies. Practices to provide adequate P early in plant growth include placement of P fertilizer in or near the seed-row and maintenance of adequate concentrations of plant-available P in the soil through a long-term nutrient management strategy. Other possible management practices could include enhancement of seed concentrations of P, manipulation of tillage system and crop sequence, improved activity of mycorrhizae and other microbiological agents such as Penicillium bilaii to increase phytoavailability of soil P, or genetic selection of crops with an enhanced ability for early season uptake of P from both soil and fertilizer sources. As plants differ in relative abilities to access P from the soil and fertilizer applications, nutrient management must be tailored to the specific crop, in order to optimize P supply and crop productivity. By restricting fertilizer applications to situations where P supply is limiting to crop production and by use of effective P management practices, we can optimize the economic of fertilizer use while avoiding negative impacts on environmental quality. Key words: Crop, fertilizer, placement, nutrient, management

scholarly journals Precision Nutrient Rates and Placement in Conservation Maize-Wheat System: Effects on Crop Productivity, Profitability, Nutrient-Use Efficiency, and Environmental Footprints

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2320
Author(s):  
Raj K. Jat ◽  
Deepak Bijarniya ◽  
Suresh K. Kakraliya ◽  
Tek B. Sapkota ◽  
Manish Kakraliya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Intensive tillage-based production systems coupled with inefficient fertilizer management practices have led to increased production costs, sub-optimal productivity, and significant environmental externalities. Conservation agriculture (CA) is being increasingly advocated as a management strategy to overcome these issues but precision nutrient management under the CA-based maize-wheat system is rarely studied. Two year’s (2014–2015 and 2015–2016) research was conducted at the research farm of BISA, Pusa, Bihar, India to develop precision nutrient management practices for CA-based management in the maize-wheat system. Seven treatment combinations involving (i) tillage (conventional tillage; CT & permanent beds; PB) and (ii) nutrient management rates, application methods (farmers’ fertilizer practices; FFP, state recommended dose of fertilizer; SR and precision nutrient management using Nutrient Expert tool; NE and GreenSeeker; (GS), applied using two methods; broadcasting (B) and drilling (D)) were investigated for multiple parameters. The results showed that NE, NE+GS, and SR-based nutrient management tactics with drilling improved crop yields, nutrient-use efficiency (NUE), and economic profitability relative to NE-broadcasting, SR broadcasting, and FFP broadcasting methods. Maize-wheat system productivity and net returns under NE+GS-drilling on PB were significantly higher by 31.2%, 49.7% compared to FFP-broadcasting method, respectively. Total global warming potential (GWP) was lower in the PB-based maize-wheat system coupled with precision nutrient management compared to CT-based maize-wheat system with FFP. Higher (15.2%) carbon sustainability index (CSI) was recorded with NE-drilling compared to FFP-broadcasting method. Results suggests that PB-based maize-wheat system together with precision nutrient management approaches (NE+GS+drilling) can significantly increase crop yields, NUE, and profitability while reducing the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from maize-wheat systems in eastern Indo Gangetic Plains (IGP).

Connecting Crop Nutrient Use Efficiency to Future Soil Productivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Fernando García ◽  
Andrés Grasso ◽  
María González Sanjuan ◽  
Adrián Correndo ◽  
Fernando Salvagiotti
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Use Efficiency

Trends over the past 25 years indicate that Argentina’s growth in its grain crop productivity has largely been supported by the depletion of the extensive fertility of its Pampean soils. Long-term research provides insight into sustainable nutrient management strategies ready for wide-scale adoption.

scholarly journals Revisiting Sulphur—The Once Neglected Nutrient: It’s Roles in Plant Growth, Metabolism, Stress Tolerance and Crop Production

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 626
Author(s):  
Tinashe Zenda ◽  
Songtao Liu ◽  
Anyi Dong ◽  
Huijun Duan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Plant Phenotyping ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Sulphur Nutrition ◽  
Physiological Processes

Sulphur plays crucial roles in plant growth and development, with its functions ranging from being a structural constituent of macro-biomolecules to modulating several physiological processes and tolerance to abiotic stresses. In spite of these numerous sulphur roles being well acknowledged, agriculture has paid scant regard for sulphur nutrition, until only recently. Serious problems related to soil sulphur deficiencies have emerged and the intensification of food, fiber, and animal production is escalating to feed the ever-increasing human population. In the wake of huge demand for high quality cereal and vegetable diets, sulphur can play a key role in augmenting the production, productivity, and quality of crops. Additionally, in light of the emerging problems of soil fertility exhaustion and climate change-exacerbated environmental stresses, sulphur assumes special importance in crop production, particularly under intensively cropped areas. Here, citing several relevant examples, we highlight, in addition to its plant biological and metabolism functions, how sulphur can significantly enhance crop productivity and quality, as well as acclimation to abiotic stresses. By this appraisal, we also aim to stimulate readers interests in crop sulphur research by providing priorities for future pursuance, including bettering our understanding of the molecular processes and dynamics of sulphur availability and utilization in plants, dissecting the role of soil rhizospherical microbes in plant sulphur transformations, enhancing plant phenotyping and diagnosis for nutrient deficiencies, and matching site-specific crop sulphur demands with fertilizer amendments in order to reduce nutrient use inefficiencies in both crop and livestock production systems. This will facilitate the proper utilization of sulphur in crop production and eventually enhance sustainable and environmentally friend food production.

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